Abstract
ABSTRACT Graphene oxide (GO), a two‐dimensional nanomaterial, has shown potential for improving plant stress tolerance. However, its involvement in, and mechanism of, regulating the drought stress response in apple plants remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of GO on drought tolerance of M9‐T337 plants under both short‐term and long‐term drought conditions. Results revealed that under short‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO significantly alleviated drought‐induced damage by reducing electrolytic leakage and MDA contents, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS scavenging. Under long‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO improved photosynthetic rate and promoted root system development, thereby enhancing plant drought tolerance. Additionally, in M9‐T337 plants, GO elevated the levels of γ ‐aminobutyric acid, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, and histidine, and upregulated the expression of MdCAT2 , MdPOD2 , MdDREB2A , MdERF1 , and MdABI1 . Taken together, this study connects GO with drought tolerance in apple plants, providing evidence that GO effectively enhances the drought tolerance of M9‐T337 plants. These findings offer a promising strategy for the sustainable cultivation of apple in water‐scarce regions through the application of nanomaterials.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Under short-term drought, both GO doses reduced electrolyte leakage.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GOe0
- Outcome
- electrolytic leakagee0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Qualifier
- short‐term drought conditionse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under short‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO significantly alleviated drought‐induced damage by reducing electrolytic leakage and MDA contents”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Under short-term drought, both GO doses reduced MDA content.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GOe0
- Outcome
- MDA contentse0
- Direction
- reducinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“under short‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO significantly alleviated drought‐induced damage by reducing electrolytic leakage and MDA contents”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Under short-term drought, GO enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity and ROS scavenging.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- GOe0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS scavenginge0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO significantly alleviated drought‐induced damage by reducing electrolytic leakage and MDA contents, while enhancing antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS scavenging”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Under long-term drought, GO improved photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GOe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under long‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO improved photosynthetic rate and promoted root system development”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Under long-term drought, GO promoted root system development.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GOe0
- Outcome
- root system developmente0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Under long‐term drought conditions, 0.1 and 1 mg L −1 GO improved photosynthetic rate and promoted root system development”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
GO raised five amino acid levels in M9-T337.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Material
- M9‐T337e0
- Treatment
- GOe0
- Outcome
- levels of γ ‐aminobutyric acid, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, and histidinee0
- Direction
- elevatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in M9‐T337 plants, GO elevated the levels of γ ‐aminobutyric acid, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, and histidine”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
GO upregulated five stress related genes in M9-T337.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- GOe0
- Outcome
- expression of MdCAT2 , MdPOD2 , MdDREB2A , MdERF1 , and MdABI1e0
- Direction
- upregulatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“GO elevated the levels of γ ‐aminobutyric acid, proline, phenylalanine, arginine, and histidine, and upregulated the expression of MdCAT2 , MdPOD2 , MdDREB2A , MdERF1 , and MdABI1”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
GO enhanced drought tolerance of M9-T337 plants.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“GO effectively enhances the drought tolerance of M9‐T337 plants”