Abstract
The need for efficient use of phosphate fertilizers is reinforced by climate change and the global demand for sustainable resource management. Eucalypt stands in tropical soils require phosphorus (P) fertilization to ensure good productivity. Although low-solubility sources (rock phosphate, RP) promote lower productivity than high-solubility sources (single superphosphate, SSP), they promote high soil P levels over time, potentially supporting successive rotations — a legacy effect. This study evaluated how high- and low-solubility phosphates applied as single or combined P sources (PM) in the first rotation influenced the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization, investigating the role of legacy P in these processes. Growth and aboveground biomass were measured across two rotations. The relationship between coppice stand growth and soil P fractions at multiple depths at the end of the first rotation was analyzed. Growth patterns shifted between rotations; RP and control treatments achieved equal or greater growth in the second rotation than SSP during the first one (±47 m 3 ha −1 yr −1 ). Coppice stands invested more in wood biomass production, accounting for ±75% of the total biomass across all ages. High soil P levels from RP application led to sustained productivity, with PM demonstrating the most efficient biomass conversion. Deeper soil P pools (20–40 cm) were functionally relevant for tree growth in the second rotation. The RP legacy effect highlights its strong potential as an alternative P source, particularly under minimum tillage and coppice management, offering a strategy for sustainable productivity of tropical forest plantations.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Rock phosphate and control treatments achieved equal or greater growth in the second rotation than single superphosphate did in the first rotation (about 47 m3 ha-1 yr-1).
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandis
Eucalyptus grandise2 - Treatment
- rock phosphatee1
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- ±47 m 3 ha −1 yr −1e0
- Comparator
- SSPe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“RP and control treatments achieved equal or greater growth in the second rotation than SSP during the first one (±47 m 3 ha −1 yr −1)”
e1“low-solubility sources (rock phosphate, RP)”
e2“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
Coppice stands invested more in wood biomass production, accounting for about 75% of total biomass across all ages.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandisEucalyptus grandise0
- Outcome
- wood biomass productione1
- Value
- ±75%e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
e1“Coppice stands invested more in wood biomass production, accounting for ±75% of the total biomass across all ages”
Claim · model-written summary
High soil P levels from rock phosphate application are associated with sustained productivity of the coppice stands.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandisEucalyptus grandise0
- Treatment
- RP applicatione1
- Outcome
- sustained productivitye1
- Qualifier
- High soil P levelse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
e1“High soil P levels from RP application led to sustained productivity”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined P sources (PM) showed the most efficient biomass conversion among the phosphate sources.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandisEucalyptus grandise0
- Treatment
- PMe2
- Outcome
- biomass conversione1
- Direction
- most efficiente1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
e1“with PM demonstrating the most efficient biomass conversion”
e2“combined P sources (PM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Deeper soil P pools (20-40 cm) were functionally relevant for tree growth in the second rotation.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandisEucalyptus grandise0
- Outcome
- tree growthe1
- Qualifier
- in the second rotatione1
- Setting
- 20–40 cme1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
e1“Deeper soil P pools (20–40 cm) were functionally relevant for tree growth in the second rotation”
Claim · model-written summary
The rock phosphate legacy effect indicates strong potential as an alternative P source, particularly under minimum tillage and coppice management.
- Taxon
- Eucalyptus grandisEucalyptus grandise0
- Outcome
- alternative P sourcee1
- Qualifier
- particularly under minimum tillage and coppice managemente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of Eucalyptus grandis coppice stands without further P fertilization”
e1“The RP legacy effect highlights its strong potential as an alternative P source, particularly under minimum tillage and coppice management”
The same questions in other papers
phosphorus · growth · Eucalyptus grandis (rose gum)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.