Abstract
This study was conducted in the lathhouse of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Design,College of Agriculture,University of Kirkuk,Agricultural Research and Experiment Station at Al-Sayyada,during the period from Sept ,2024,to July 2025.The aim was to investigate the physiological effects of foliar application of different plant growth regulators,namely benzyl adenine(BA),gibberellic acid(GA₃),and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA),each applied at three concentrations(0,100,and 150mg L⁻¹),at two spraying dates:October1(first date)and November1(second date),with two applications for each date, on selected vegetative and floral traits of myrtle(Myrtus communis L.).The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design(R.C.B.D.)using a split-plot arrangement, with three replications and three plants per experimental unit. Data were analyzed using the SAS statistical software, and mean comparisons were performed using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at the 5%probability level. The results showed that The growth regulators exhibited differential physiological effects. Foliar spraying with IBA at100 mg L⁻¹ significantly increased the number of roots(34.50 roots)and the length of the primary root(35.50 cm).IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced branch length(21.83 cm)and root dry matter percentage(45.83%).GA₃ at100mg L⁻¹ significantly increased total chlorophyll content(134.35 mg g⁻¹),while GA₃at150mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced leaf number(604.67 leaves plant⁻¹)compared with the control.Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits.At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1).The interaction between growth regulators and spraying dates revealed significant effects. Spraying BA at150mg L⁻¹ on the first date significantly increased branch length(27.50 cm).GA₃at150mg L⁻¹ on the first date significantly enhanced leaf number(682.67 leaves plant⁻¹).IBA at100mg L⁻¹ led to a significant increase in root number(36.00roots at the second date and primary root length(36.33 cm at the first date).Moreover, IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly increased total chlorophyll content(158.94 mg g⁻¹)and root dry matter percentage(47%).Overall, these treatments outperformed the control in most measured traits.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar IBA at 100 mg/L increased myrtle root number (34.50 roots) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)
_in_Athens_on_July_4%2C_2023.jpg?width=60)
Myrtus communist0 - Organ / stage
- rootse1
- Treatment
- IBA at100 mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- number of rootse1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 34.50 rootse1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_in_Athens_on_July_4%2C_2023.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“Foliar spraying with IBA at100 mg L⁻¹ significantly increased the number of roots(34.50 roots)and the length of the primary root(35.50 cm)”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar IBA at 100 mg/L increased myrtle primary root length (35.50 cm) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- primary roote1
- Treatment
- IBA at100 mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- length of the primary roote1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 35.50 cme1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“Foliar spraying with IBA at100 mg L⁻¹ significantly increased the number of roots(34.50 roots)and the length of the primary root(35.50 cm)”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 150 mg/L significantly enhanced myrtle branch length (21.83 cm) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- branche1
- Treatment
- IBA at150mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- branch lengthe1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 21.83 cme1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced branch length(21.83 cm)and root dry matter percentage(45.83%)”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 150 mg/L significantly enhanced myrtle root dry matter percentage (45.83%) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- IBA at150mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- root dry matter percentagee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 45.83%e1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced branch length(21.83 cm)and root dry matter percentage(45.83%)”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 100 mg/L significantly increased myrtle total chlorophyll content (134.35 mg/g) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Treatment
- GA₃ at100mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 134.35 mg g⁻¹e1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“GA₃ at100mg L⁻¹ significantly increased total chlorophyll content(134.35 mg g⁻¹)”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 150 mg/L significantly enhanced myrtle leaf number (604.67 leaves per plant) compared with the control.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- GA₃at150mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- leaf numbere1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 604.67 leaves plant⁻¹e1
- Comparator
- controle2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“GA₃at150mg L⁻¹ significantly enhanced leaf number(604.67 leaves plant⁻¹)compared with the control”
e2“compared with the control”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
The first spraying date (October 1) was significantly superior to the second date (November 1) for all studied myrtle traits.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Treatment
- Spraying datese1
- Outcome
- all studied traitse1
- Direction
- superiore1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e2
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e2“compared with the second date(November1)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle leaf number reached 604.81 leaves, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- leaf numbere1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 604.81leavese1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle branch length reached 21.57 cm, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- branche1
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- branch lengthe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 21.57cme1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle total chlorophyll content reached 141.87 mg/g, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 141.87mg g⁻¹e1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle root number reached 25.04, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- root numbere1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 25.04e1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle primary root length reached 31.19 cm, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- primary roote1
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- primary root lengthe1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 31.19cme1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
At the first spraying date, myrtle root dry matter percentage reached 74.36%, higher than at the second date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- first date(October1)e2
- Outcome
- root dry matter percentagee1
- Direction
- higherinferrede1
- Value
- 74.36%e1
- Comparator
- second date(November1)e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“At this date,leaf number reached604.81leaves,branch length 21.57cm,total chlorophyll content141.87mg g⁻¹,root number25.04,primary root length31.19cm,and root dry matter percentage74.36%,compared with the second date(November1)”
e2“Spraying dates had a clear impact,with the first date(October1)being significantly superior for all studied traits”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
Spraying BA at 150 mg/L on the first date increased myrtle branch length (27.50 cm).
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- branche1
- Treatment
- Spraying BA at150mg L⁻¹ on the first datee1
- Outcome
- branch lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 27.50 cme1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“Spraying BA at150mg L⁻¹ on the first date significantly increased branch length(27.50 cm)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
GA3 at 150 mg/L applied on the first date increased myrtle leaf number (682.67 leaves per plant).
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- leafe1
- Treatment
- GA₃at150mg L⁻¹ on the first datee1
- Outcome
- leaf numbere1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- 682.67 leaves plant⁻¹e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“GA₃at150mg L⁻¹ on the first date significantly enhanced leaf number(682.67 leaves plant⁻¹)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 100 mg/L increased myrtle root number (36.00 roots) at the second spraying date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- IBA at100mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- root numbere1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 36.00rootse1
- Qualifier
- at the second datee1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at100mg L⁻¹ led to a significant increase in root number(36.00roots at the second date and primary root length(36.33 cm at the first date)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 100 mg/L increased myrtle primary root length (36.33 cm) at the first spraying date.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- primary roote1
- Treatment
- IBA at100mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- primary root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasee1
- Value
- 36.33 cme1
- Qualifier
- at the first datee1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at100mg L⁻¹ led to a significant increase in root number(36.00roots at the second date and primary root length(36.33 cm at the first date)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 150 mg/L increased myrtle total chlorophyll content (158.94 mg/g).
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Treatment
- IBA at150mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- total chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 158.94 mg g⁻¹e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly increased total chlorophyll content(158.94 mg g⁻¹)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
IBA at 150 mg/L increased myrtle root dry matter percentage (47%).
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Organ / stage
- roote1
- Treatment
- IBA at150mg L⁻¹e1
- Outcome
- root dry matter percentagee1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 47%e1
- Setting
- lathhousee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“IBA at150mg L⁻¹ significantly increased total chlorophyll content(158.94 mg g⁻¹)and root dry matter percentage(47%)”
e3“This study was conducted in the lathhouse”
Claim · model-written summary
The growth regulator treatments outperformed the control in most measured myrtle traits.
- Taxon
- myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)Myrtus communist0
- Treatment
- these treatmentse1
- Outcome
- most measured traitse1
- Direction
- outperformede1
- Comparator
- the controle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“myrtle (Myrtus communis L.)”
e1“Overall, these treatments outperformed the control in most measured traits”
The same questions in other papers
Gibberellic acid · physiology: pigments · Myrtus communisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
N-benzyladenine · growth · Myrtus communisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
indole-3-butyric acid · growth · Myrtus communisResults agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.