Abstract
Plant grafting is a key horticultural practice used to promote agricultural performance by improving crop productivity and enhancing resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Successful graft union formation depends on tissue adhesion, callus formation, and vascular reconnection, which are regulated primarily by auxin signaling. Although environmental factors influence grafting union formation by modulating hormonal signaling, the role of photoperiod in graft union formation remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction. DR5:GUS reporter assays revealed strong photoperiod-dependent differences in auxin responsiveness, with the highest auxin levels under SD conditions and substantially reduced levels under long-day (LD) and medium-day (MD) conditions. Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment restored the grafting success rate under LD and MD conditions, whereas inhibition of polar auxin transport by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) significantly reduced grafting success under SD conditions. Notably, TIBA treatment did not lead to a further significant reduction under LD and MD conditions, where endogenous auxin levels were already limiting, confirming the necessity of localized auxin accumulation at the graft junction. Furthermore, transferring grafted seedlings from LD to SD conditions restored grafting success, highlighting the plasticity of light-responsive transcriptional pathways that regulate auxin biosynthesis. Together, these findings reveal that photoperiod enhances grafting success primarily by increasing endogenous auxin accumulation, which in turn enables efficient auxin transport and the activation of auxin-mediated regenerative programs at the graft junction. This work establishes photoperiod as a key environmental determinant of grafting efficiency and provides a framework for optimizing grafting outcomes through the modulation of light conditions and hormonal signaling.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Short-day photoperiod markedly enhanced grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana compared with long-day and medium-day conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thaliana
Arabidopsis thalianae0 - Treatment
- short-day (SD) photoperiodse0
- Outcome
- grafting successe0
- Direction
- enhancee0
- Comparator
- long-day (LD) and medium-day (MD) conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e1“with the highest auxin levels under SD conditions and substantially reduced levels under long-day (LD) and medium-day (MD) conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Exogenous IAA treatment restored grafting success rate under LD and MD conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)e2
- Outcome
- grafting success ratee2
- Direction
- restorede2
- Comparator
- LD and MD conditionse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e2“Exogenous indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) treatment restored the grafting success rate under LD and MD conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of polar auxin transport by TIBA significantly reduced grafting success under short-day conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA)e3
- Outcome
- grafting successe3
- Direction
- reducede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e3“inhibition of polar auxin transport by 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA) significantly reduced grafting success under SD conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
TIBA treatment did not further significantly reduce grafting success under LD and MD conditions.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- TIBA treatmente4
- Outcome
- reductione4
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede4
- Comparator
- LD and MD conditionse4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e4“TIBA treatment did not lead to a further significant reduction under LD and MD conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Transferring grafted seedlings from LD to SD conditions restored grafting success.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- transferring grafted seedlings from LD to SD conditionse5
- Outcome
- grafting successe5
- Direction
- restorede5
- Comparator
- LDe5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e5“transferring grafted seedlings from LD to SD conditions restored grafting success”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-day conditions gave the highest auxin levels, while LD and MD conditions gave substantially reduced auxin levels.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- SD conditionse1
- Outcome
- auxin levelse1
- Direction
- higheste1
- Comparator
- long-day (LD) and medium-day (MD) conditionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e1“with the highest auxin levels under SD conditions and substantially reduced levels under long-day (LD) and medium-day (MD) conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Photoperiod enhances grafting success mainly by increasing endogenous auxin accumulation.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Compound
- auxine6
- Outcome
- grafting successe6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
e6“photoperiod enhances grafting success primarily by increasing endogenous auxin accumulation”
Claim · model-written summary
Short-day photoperiod promoted hypocotyl elongation in Arabidopsis thaliana.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis thalianaArabidopsis thalianae0
- Treatment
- short-day (SD) photoperiodse0
- Outcome
- hypocotyl elongatione0
- Direction
- promotinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“short-day (SD) photoperiods markedly enhance grafting success in Arabidopsis thaliana by promoting hypocotyl elongation and increasing auxin accumulation at the graft junction”
The same questions in other papers
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- negative
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.