Paper · 2026 · International Journal of Plant Biology

Exogenous Application of Sodium Nitroprusside on the Morphophysiology of Passiflora edulis Sims Under Water Deficit

Anna Paula Marques Cardoso; Walter Esfrain Pereira; Juliane Maciel Henschel; et al.

8
claims
22
verbatim quotes
0
citations
3
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

The availability of water is a limiting factor for the growth and productivity of yellow passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims). The use of bioregulators has been investigated as a strategy to mitigate the effects of abiotic stress. Different concentrations of SNP were evaluated on growth, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, chlorophyll fluorescence, and enzymatic activity in Passiflora edulis seedlings under different water conditions. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 2 × 4 factorial scheme, with two irrigation conditions (80 and 30% of field capacity), combined with three concentrations of SNP (50, 100 and 250 µM) and water (control), with five replications. Water deficit reduced morphological, physiological, and enzymatic parameters. The application of SNP increased root fresh mass (23.56 g at the 100 µM dose) and leaf dry mass (8.21 g at 250 µM SNP), with increases of 24.52% and 30.52% compared to the values obtained under the 50 µM dose, respectively. The highest number of leaves (14) and leaf area (1183.3 cm2) was observed at 250 µM SNP, corresponding to increases of 7.70% and 17.27%, respectively, compared to plants without SNP application. Water deficit reduced growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and enzymatic activity. SNP promotes improvements in growth; however, it does not mitigate water deficit effects in Passiflora edulis seedlings.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water deficit reduced morphological, physiological and enzymatic parameters.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
Water deficite0
Outcome
morphological, physiological, and enzymatic parameterse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water deficit reduced morphological, physiological, and enzymatic parameters.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 703–780 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SNP at 100 µM increased root fresh mass to 23.56 g, 24.52% above the 50 µM dose.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
100 µM dosee0
Outcome
root fresh masse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
23.56 ge0
Qualifier
24.52%e0
Comparator
50 µM dosee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The application of SNP increased root fresh mass (23.56 g at the 100 µM dose) and leaf dry mass (8.21 g at 250 µM SNP), with increases of 24.52% and 30.52% compared to the values obtained under the 50 µM dose, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 781–1004 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SNP at 250 µM increased leaf dry mass to 8.21 g, 30.52% above 50 µM.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
250 µM SNPe0
Outcome
leaf dry masse0
Direction
increasede0
Value
8.21 ge0
Qualifier
30.52%e0
Comparator
50 µM dosee0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The application of SNP increased root fresh mass (23.56 g at the 100 µM dose) and leaf dry mass (8.21 g at 250 µM SNP), with increases of 24.52% and 30.52% compared to the values obtained under the 50 µM dose, respectively.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 781–1004 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 250 µM SNP, leaf count reached 14, 7.70% above untreated plants.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
250 µM SNPe0
Outcome
number of leavese0
Direction
higheste0
Value
14e0
Qualifier
7.70%e0
Comparator
plants without SNP applicatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest number of leaves (14) and leaf area (1183.3 cm2) was observed at 250 µM SNP, corresponding to increases of 7.70% and 17.27%, respectively, compared to plants without SNP application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1005–1199 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

At 250 µM SNP, leaf area reached 1183.3 cm2, 17.27% above untreated plants.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
250 µM SNPe0
Outcome
leaf areae0
Direction
higheste0
Value
1183.3 cm2e0
Qualifier
17.27%e0
Comparator
plants without SNP applicatione0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The highest number of leaves (14) and leaf area (1183.3 cm2) was observed at 250 µM SNP, corresponding to increases of 7.70% and 17.27%, respectively, compared to plants without SNP application.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1005–1199 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water deficit reduced growth and gas exchange.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
Water deficite0
Outcome
growth, gas exchangee0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water deficit reduced growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and enzymatic activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1200–1293 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Water deficit reduced chlorophyll fluorescence and enzymatic activity.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulist0
Treatment
Water deficite0
Outcome
chlorophyll fluorescence, and enzymatic activitye0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Water deficit reduced growth, gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, and enzymatic activity.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1200–1293 · show in text ↑
t0

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
t1

“Passiflora edulis”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 73–90 · show in text ↑
Observationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

SNP improved growth but did not mitigate water deficit effects.

Taxon
Passiflora edulisPassiflora edulise0
Treatment
SNPe0
Outcome
does not mitigate water deficit effectse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Passiflora edulis
Passiflora edulis · TaxonRarani · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“SNP promotes improvements in growth; however, it does not mitigate water deficit effects in Passiflora edulis seedlings.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1294–1414 · show in text ↑

drought · physiology: photosynthesis · Passiflora edulis (passion fruit)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

drought · physiology: gas exchange · Passiflora edulis (passion fruit)Results agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.