Abstract
An investigation over three consecutive years (2016–2018) evaluated eco-friendly management strategies for Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis under field conditions. Ten treatments—nine herbal extracts and one animal refuse (cow urine)—were tested at varying concentrations. Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract was most effective, providing 20.75% disease control and a 52.75% yield increase, followed by Allium sativum extract with similar disease control and a 42.64% yield gain. Polyalthia longifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus extracts at 10% concentration showed moderate efficacy, achieving 15.09% disease control. Genotype (G) effects and genotype-by-environment (G × E) interaction assessed via GGE biplot revealed two distinct environmental groups for disease severity (Environment 2–Environment 3 versus Environment 1), while all environments clustered together for grain yield (E1–E3). The study highlights natural bioextracts as sustainable MLB management alternatives that avoid environmental pollution.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract was the most effective treatment, giving 20.75% disease control of maize Maydis leaf blight.
- Treatment
- Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extracte1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris Maydis
Bipolaris maydise0pathogen - Outcome
- disease controle1
- Direction
- most effectivee1
- Value
- 20.75%e1
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e1“Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract was most effective, providing 20.75% disease control and a 52.75% yield increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract gave a 52.75% yield increase in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e1“Azadirachta indica (neem) leaf extract was most effective, providing 20.75% disease control and a 52.75% yield increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Allium sativum extract gave disease control similar to that of the neem extract.
- Treatment
- Allium sativum extracte2
- Interactor
- Bipolaris MaydisBipolaris maydise0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e2“followed by Allium sativum extract with similar disease control and a 42.64% yield gain”
Claim · model-written summary
Allium sativum extract gave a 42.64% yield gain in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e2“followed by Allium sativum extract with similar disease control and a 42.64% yield gain”
Claim · model-written summary
Polyalthia longifolia extract at 10% concentration showed moderate efficacy, achieving 15.09% disease control of maize Maydis leaf blight.
- Treatment
- Polyalthia longifoliae3
- Interactor
- Bipolaris MaydisBipolaris maydise0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 15.09%e3
- Qualifier
- at 10% concentratione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e3“Polyalthia longifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus extracts at 10% concentration showed moderate efficacy, achieving 15.09% disease control”
Claim · model-written summary
Parthenium hysterophorus extract at 10% concentration showed moderate efficacy, achieving 15.09% disease control of maize Maydis leaf blight.
- Treatment
- Parthenium hysterophoruse3
- Interactor
- Bipolaris MaydisBipolaris maydise0pathogen
- Outcome
- disease controle3
- Direction
- increaseinferrede3
- Value
- 15.09%e3
- Qualifier
- at 10% concentratione3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e3“Polyalthia longifolia and Parthenium hysterophorus extracts at 10% concentration showed moderate efficacy, achieving 15.09% disease control”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype-by-environment analysis grouped the environments for maize disease severity into two distinct groups, Environment 2–Environment 3 versus Environment 1.
- Outcome
- disease severitye4
- Qualifier
- two distinct environmental groupse4
- Setting
- Environment 2–Environment 3 versus Environment 1e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e4“revealed two distinct environmental groups for disease severity (Environment 2–Environment 3 versus Environment 1)”
Claim · model-written summary
All environments clustered together for maize grain yield.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e5“all environments clustered together for grain yield (E1–E3)”
Claim · model-written summary
The study recommends natural bioextracts as sustainable management alternatives for maize Maydis leaf blight that avoid environmental pollution.
- Outcome
- sustainable MLB management alternativese6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Maydis leaf blight (MLB) of maize caused by Bipolaris Maydis”
e6“The study highlights natural bioextracts as sustainable MLB management alternatives that avoid environmental pollution”
The same questions in other papers
Allium sativum · Bipolaris maydis · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Azadirachta indica · Bipolaris maydis · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Allium sativum · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
6 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →Azadirachta indica · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
13 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →botanical · yield · Zea mays (maize)Results differ
117 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- no effect
- no effect
121 papers more in this group
See all 125 papers →botanical · Bipolaris maydis · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.