Abstract
The rhizospheric dynamics governing uptake-translocation-excretion processes of current-use pesticides (CUPs) under metal co-exposure remain mechanistically unexplored. This study investigated the sorption dynamic, xylem and phloem translocation, and root excretion of 16 CUPs when copper (Cu) was present within water-rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system using hydroponic experiments. The sorption dynamic indicated that more moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPs were taken up by fresh and dead rice roots respectively, indicating that moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPs potentially being taken up via symplastic and apoplastic pathways, respectively. The presence of Cu was found to induce damage to root cell membranes of rice which has limited impact on the root absorption of CUPs indicated by the comparable root concentration factors between sole CUPs and CUPs-Cu treatments. However, the presence of Cu enhanced the acropetal translocation of highly hydrophobic CUPs from root to shoot, with significant higher translocation factors being observed. These findings necessitate revision of conventional hydrophobicity driven theory that highly hydrophobic organic chemicals were preferentially restricted to roots. Furthermore, the root excretions of moderately hydrophobic CUPs from roots to external solutions via passive diffusion were promoted in the presence of Cu which have not been elucidated previously. The potential ecological risks associated with the translocation, accumulation, and excretion of CUPs by rice needs careful reconsideration in metals-CUPs co-contamination sites.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh rice roots took up more moderately hydrophobic pesticides.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPs were taken up by fresh and dead rice roots respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Dead rice roots took up more highly hydrophobic pesticides.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Organ / stage
- dead rice rootse0
- Outcome
- highly hydrophobic CUPse0
- Direction
- moree0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“more moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPs were taken up by fresh and dead rice roots respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that moderately hydrophobic pesticides may enter rice roots through symplastic pathways.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- rice rootse1
- Outcome
- moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPse0
- Qualifier
- symplastic and apoplastic pathways, respectivelye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“moderately and highly hydrophobic CUPs potentially being taken up via symplastic and apoplastic pathways, respectively”
e1“rice roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper damaged rice root cell membranes.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- presence of Cue0
- Outcome
- damage to root cell membranese0
- Direction
- damagee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The presence of Cu was found to induce damage to root cell membranes of rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper had limited impact on rice root absorption of pesticides, with comparable root concentration factors under sole-pesticide and pesticide-copper treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- CUPs-Cu treatmentse0
- Outcome
- root absorption of CUPse0
- Direction
- limited impacte0
- Comparator
- sole CUPse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“limited impact on the root absorption of CUPs indicated by the comparable root concentration factors between sole CUPs and CUPs-Cu treatments”
e1“water-rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper enhanced root-to-shoot transport of highly hydrophobic pesticides in rice, with significantly higher translocation factors.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- presence of Cue0
- Outcome
- acropetal translocation of highly hydrophobic CUPs from root to shoote0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the presence of Cu enhanced the acropetal translocation of highly hydrophobic CUPs from root to shoot, with significant higher translocation factors being observed”
e1“water-rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
Claim · model-written summary
Copper promoted rice root excretion of moderately hydrophobic pesticides into external solution.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- presence of Cue0
- Outcome
- root excretions of moderately hydrophobic CUPse0
- Direction
- promotede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root excretions of moderately hydrophobic CUPs from roots to external solutions via passive diffusion were promoted in the presence of Cu”
e1“water-rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose passive diffusion as the route for copper-associated rice root excretion of moderately hydrophobic pesticides.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- presence of Cue0
- Outcome
- root excretions of moderately hydrophobic CUPse0
- Qualifier
- via passive diffusione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root excretions of moderately hydrophobic CUPs from roots to external solutions via passive diffusion were promoted in the presence of Cu”
e1“water-rice ( Oryza sativa L.) system”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors call for reconsideration of ecological risks from pesticide translocation, accumulation, and excretion by rice at co-contaminated sites.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Outcome
- potential ecological risks associated with the translocation, accumulation, and excretion of CUPse0
- Setting
- metals-CUPs co-contamination sitese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The potential ecological risks associated with the translocation, accumulation, and excretion of CUPs by rice needs careful reconsideration in metals-CUPs co-contamination sites”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.