Abstract
1. 染色体の倍加による形質の変化が品種によつて如何に異なるかを知るため, 東亜各地の74品種から, 夫々コルキシン処理によつて育成した四倍体系統の第2代～第8代を順次栽培して種々の形態的•生理的形質を調査した. 各種の形質共に, 四倍体においては品種内の個体間変異はかなり大きいが, 世代の経過に伴う一定方向の変化は明かでなく, 多数個体の平均値は品種の特性であることが認められた.2. 稔実率は品種によつて略1%～55% (3年, 6期平均) であつて, 概して大陸群品種の四倍体には稔実率が高いものが多い傾向があつた. 正常花粉率については略55%～95%の品種間変異が見出された. 各品種共に正常花粉率は稔実率より高く, 又両者の間には相関が認められた.3. 二倍体及び四倍体における気孔細胞の長さとその4x/2xの比率は品種の特性であることが認められた. 4x/2xの比率は品種によつて略1.15～1.50の間にあつて, 二倍体においで気孔が小さい品種程, 4x/2xの比率が大きい傾向があつた. 同様な傾向は籾の大さについても見出された.4. 一般に染色体の倍加によつて, 稈長, 一穂粒数, 穂数は小さくなり, 穂長, 稈長等は大きくなる. これらの減少或は増加の程度は品種によつて異なる. 稈長, 穂長及び一穂粒数における4x/2xの比率の相互間には品種間相関が見出されたが, これら4x/2xの比率と気孔の大さの4x/2x比率, 或は稔実率との間には相関が見出されなかつた.5. 感光性の強さは染色体の倍加によつて変化しないことが認められた. 四倍体品種の出穂期は夫々の二倍体と略同様であるが, 品種によつて二倍体より約4日 (3年平均) 早いものから12日遅いものがあつて, 二倍体との差は品種の特性であることが認められた. なお四倍体の出穂は概して不完全であつて, 穂首と止葉葉節との距離も品種によつて異なることが認められた.6. 四倍体種子は一般に二倍体種子より発芽率が低く発芽速度が遅いが, 発芽率と発芽速度とは品種の特性である. 発芽率は品種によつて95%～45%であつて, 発芽速度が速い品種程発芽率が高かつた. 二倍体の場合同様, 四倍体においても大陸群品種には島型より発芽が速いものが多く, 従つて発芽率も高い傾向が見出された.7. 塩素酸カリ抵抗性は染色体の倍加によつて変化しない. 又低温抵抗性は変化しないか, 稍強くなる様であり, Mimosa 法による耐旱性は弱くなつたが, しかしこれらにおいても二倍体品種の特徴は四倍体においても明瞭であつて, 二倍体の場合同様の品種間変異が見出された.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Mean trait values of tetraploid rice lines are characteristic of each cultivar, and cultivar-to-cultivar variation is as clear in tetraploids as in diploids.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativat0 - Outcome
- 多数個体の平均値e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“多数個体の平均値は品種の特性であることが認められた”
e1“二倍体品種の特徴は四倍体においても明瞭であつて”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed fertility of tetraploid rice cultivars ranged from about 1% to 55% (3-year, 6-season mean).
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 稔実率e0
- Value
- 1%～55%e0
- Qualifier
- 3年, 6期平均e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“稔実率は品種によつて略1%～55% (3年, 6期平均) であつて”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploids of continental-group cultivars tended to have higher fertility.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Material
- 大陸群品種e0
- Outcome
- 稔実率e0
- Direction
- 高いものが多いe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“概して大陸群品種の四倍体には稔実率が高いものが多い傾向があつた”
Claim · model-written summary
Normal pollen rate varied among cultivars from about 55% to 95%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 正常花粉率e0
- Value
- 55%～95%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“正常花粉率については略55%～95%の品種間変異が見出された”
Claim · model-written summary
Within each cultivar, normal pollen rate was higher than fertility and the two were correlated.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 正常花粉率e0
- Direction
- 高くe0
- Comparator
- 稔実率e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“各品種共に正常花粉率は稔実率より高く, 又両者の間には相関が認められた”
Claim · model-written summary
The 4x/2x ratio of stomatal cell length varied among cultivars from about 1.15 to 1.50.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 4x/2xの比率e0
- Value
- 1.15～1.50e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“4x/2xの比率は品種によつて略1.15～1.50の間にあつて”
Claim · model-written summary
In diploids, smaller stomata went with a larger 4x/2x ratio; the same tendency was found for grain (籾) size.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Organ / stage
- 気孔e0
- Outcome
- 4x/2xの比率e0
- Direction
- 大きい傾向e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“二倍体においで気孔が小さい品種程, 4x/2xの比率が大きい傾向があつた”
e1“同様な傾向は籾の大さについても見出された”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome doubling generally decreased culm length, grains per panicle and panicle number.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 染色体の倍加e0
- Outcome
- 稈長, 一穂粒数, 穂数e0
- Direction
- 小さくなりe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“一般に染色体の倍加によつて, 稈長, 一穂粒数, 穂数は小さくなり, 穂長, 稈長等は大きくなる”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome doubling generally increased panicle length and culm length.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 染色体の倍加e0
- Outcome
- 穂長, 稈長等e0
- Direction
- 大きくなるe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“一般に染色体の倍加によつて, 稈長, 一穂粒数, 穂数は小さくなり, 穂長, 稈長等は大きくなる”
Claim · model-written summary
Among cultivars, the 4x/2x ratios of culm length, panicle length and grains per panicle were correlated with one another.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 染色体の倍加e1
- Outcome
- 4x/2xの比率e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“稈長, 穂長及び一穂粒数における4x/2xの比率の相互間には品種間相関が見出されたが”
e1“一般に染色体の倍加によつて, 稈長, 一穂粒数, 穂数は小さくなり, 穂長, 稈長等は大きくなる”
Claim · model-written summary
The 4x/2x ratios of culm length, panicle length and grains per panicle were not correlated with the stomatal 4x/2x ratio or with fertility.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 4x/2xの比率と気孔の大さの4x/2x比率e0
- Comparator
- 稔実率e0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“これら4x/2xの比率と気孔の大さの4x/2x比率, 或は稔実率との間には相関が見出されなかつた”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromosome doubling did not change photoperiod sensitivity.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 染色体の倍加e0
- Outcome
- 感光性の強さe0
- Direction
- 変化しないe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“感光性の強さは染色体の倍加によつて変化しないことが認められた”
Claim · model-written summary
Heading date of tetraploids was generally similar to that of their diploids, but the difference ranged from about 4 days earlier to 12 days later by cultivar.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 四倍体e0
- Outcome
- 出穂期e0
- Direction
- 略同様e0
- Qualifier
- 約4日 (3年平均) 早いものから12日遅いe1
- Comparator
- 夫々の二倍体e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“四倍体品種の出穂期は夫々の二倍体と略同様であるが”
e1“品種によつて二倍体より約4日 (3年平均) 早いものから12日遅いものがあつて”
Claim · model-written summary
Heading in tetraploids was generally incomplete, and the distance between panicle neck and flag-leaf node varied among cultivars.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 出穂e0
- Qualifier
- 概して不完全e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“なお四倍体の出穂は概して不完全であつて”
e1“穂首と止葉葉節との距離も品種によつて異なることが認められた”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid seed had a lower germination rate than diploid seed.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“四倍体種子は一般に二倍体種子より発芽率が低く発芽速度が遅いが”
Claim · model-written summary
Tetraploid seed germinated more slowly than diploid seed.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“四倍体種子は一般に二倍体種子より発芽率が低く発芽速度が遅いが”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed germination rate varied among cultivars from about 45% to 95%, and faster-germinating cultivars had higher germination rates.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- 発芽率e0
- Value
- 95%～45%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“発芽率は品種によつて95%～45%であつて”
e1“発芽速度が速い品種程発芽率が高かつた”
Claim · model-written summary
In tetraploids, continental-group cultivars germinated faster than island-type cultivars and had a higher germination rate.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“四倍体においても大陸群品種には島型より発芽が速いものが多く, 従つて発芽率も高い傾向が見出された”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorate resistance was unchanged by chromosome doubling, and low-temperature resistance was unchanged or slightly stronger.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“塩素酸カリ抵抗性は染色体の倍加によつて変化しない”
e1“又低温抵抗性は変化しないか, 稍強くなる様であり”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought tolerance measured by the Mimosa method was weakened in tetraploids.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- 染色体の倍加e0
- Outcome
- 耐旱性e1
- Direction
- 弱くなつたe1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“TETRAPLOID RICE”
e0“塩素酸カリ抵抗性は染色体の倍加によつて変化しない”
e1“Mimosa 法による耐旱性は弱くなつたが”