Abstract
Responses of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi wild, Samsung and Cultivated species) leaves of varying ages to diphenyl ether herbicides oxyfluorfen and acifluorfen and to bipyridilium herbicide paraquat were evaluated with respect to leaf injury, cellular leakage, chlorophyll loss, and membrane lipid peroxidation. Injury to tobacco leaves of varying ages from oxyfluorfen treatment was more extensive in leaves 4 and 5 than leaves 1, 2 and 3 in all three cultivars. Injury to cucumber leaves of varying ages from oxyfluorfen treatment did not differ in Naeseosamcheok, but leaf injury in Kyeoulsalicheongjang was much more in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3 as tobacco leaf injury. On the other hand, tobacco leaf injury to varying age from acifluorfen and carfentrazone-ethyl treatments was extensive mostly in leaves 4 and 5 in all plants, but such leaf injury was very limited in leaves 1, 2 and 3. However, tobacco leaf injury from herbicidal treatment was not much than in the case of oxyfluorfen treatment. In contrast to oxyfluorfen treatment results, leaf injury of tobacco leaves 4 and 5 from paraquart treatment was much smaller than in leaves 1, 2 and 3. Electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll loss from tobacco leaves of different ages treated with oxyfluorfen increased in upper leaves as a response to leaves injury. Epicuticular wax and cuticle contents however, were similar in tobacco leaves of different ages. Protox from upper tobacco leaves was found to be more susceptible to oxyfluorfen than that from lower tobacco leaves. Proto Ⅸ accumulation in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was much more than in leaves 1, 2 and 3. Antioxidative enzymatic SOD activity in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was higher than in leaves 1, 2 and 3. Our results indicate that the differential susceptibilities of tobacco leaves of varying ages are at least partly due to the differential inhibition of Protox and differential accumulation of Proto Ⅸ by the herbicide, thereby making lower leaves more tolerant to the herbicide
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen injury was more extensive in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3 of tobacco in all three cultivars.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.
Nicotiana tabacumt0 - Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e1
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene1
- Outcome
- Injurye1
- Direction
- more extensivee1
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e1“Injury to tobacco leaves of varying ages from oxyfluorfen treatment was more extensive in leaves 4 and 5 than leaves 1, 2 and 3 in all three cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen injury did not differ with leaf age in cucumber cultivar Naeseosamcheok.
- Taxon
- cucumber
Cucumis sativuse2 - Material
- Naeseosamcheoke2
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene2
- Outcome
- Injurye2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e2“Injury to cucumber leaves of varying ages from oxyfluorfen treatment did not differ in Naeseosamcheok, but leaf injury in Kyeoulsalicheongjang was much more in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen injury in cucumber cultivar Kyeoulsalicheongjang was much greater in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3.
- Taxon
- cucumberCucumis sativuse2
- Material
- Kyeoulsalicheongjange2
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e2
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene2
- Outcome
- leaf injurye2
- Direction
- much moree2
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e2“Injury to cucumber leaves of varying ages from oxyfluorfen treatment did not differ in Naeseosamcheok, but leaf injury in Kyeoulsalicheongjang was much more in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen and carfentrazone-ethyl injury was extensive mostly in leaves 4 and 5 of tobacco and very limited in leaves 1, 2 and 3.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e4
- Treatment
- acifluorfen and carfentrazone-ethyle4
- Outcome
- leaf injurye4
- Direction
- extensivee4
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e4“tobacco leaf injury to varying age from acifluorfen and carfentrazone-ethyl treatments was extensive mostly in leaves 4 and 5 in all plants, but such leaf injury was very limited in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat injury was smaller in leaves 4 and 5 than in leaves 1, 2 and 3 of tobacco.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e5
- Treatment
- paraquart treatmente5
- Outcome
- leaf injurye5
- Direction
- smallere5
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e5“leaf injury of tobacco leaves 4 and 5 from paraquart treatment was much smaller than in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Oxyfluorfen increased electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll loss in upper leaves.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- upper leavese6
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene6
- Outcome
- Electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll losse6
- Direction
- increasede6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e6“Electrolyte leakage, membrane lipid peroxidation and chlorophyll loss from tobacco leaves of different ages treated with oxyfluorfen increased in upper leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Epicuticular wax and cuticle contents were similar in tobacco leaves of different ages.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Outcome
- Epicuticular wax and cuticle contentse7
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e7“Epicuticular wax and cuticle contents however, were similar in tobacco leaves of different ages”
Claim · model-written summary
Protox from upper tobacco leaves was more susceptible to oxyfluorfen than Protox from lower leaves.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- upper tobacco leavese1
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene1
- Gene
- Protoxe1
- Outcome
- Protoxe1
- Direction
- more susceptiblee1
- Comparator
- lower tobacco leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e1“Protox from upper tobacco leaves was found to be more susceptible to oxyfluorfen than that from lower tobacco leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Proto IX accumulation in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was much higher than in leaves 1, 2 and 3.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e1
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene1
- Outcome
- Proto Ⅸ accumulatione1
- Direction
- much moree1
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e1“Proto Ⅸ accumulation in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was much more than in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Antioxidative SOD activity in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was higher than in leaves 1, 2 and 3.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Organ / stage
- leaves 4 and 5e1
- Treatment
- oxyfluorfene1
- Gene
- SODe1
- Outcome
- SOD activitye1
- Direction
- highere1
- Comparator
- leaves 1, 2 and 3e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e1“Antioxidative enzymatic SOD activity in leaves 4 and 5 treated with oxyfluorfen was higher than in leaves 1, 2 and 3”
Claim · model-written summary
Differential susceptibility of tobacco leaves of different ages is at least partly due to differential Protox inhibition and Proto IX accumulation, making lower leaves more tolerant.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
- Gene
- Protoxe1
- Compound
- Proto Ⅸe1
- Outcome
- differential susceptibilities of tobacco leaves of varying agese1
- Qualifier
- at least partlye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“differential susceptibilities of tobacco leaves of varying ages are at least partly due to the differential inhibition of Protox and differential accumulation of Proto Ⅸ by the herbicide, thereby making lower leaves more tolerant to the herbicide”
Claim · model-written summary
Herbicidal treatment caused less tobacco leaf injury than oxyfluorfen.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana tabacum L.Nicotiana tabacumt0
- Treatment
- herbicidal treatmente1
- Outcome
- leaf injurye1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Comparator
- oxyfluorfen treatmente1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.)”
e1“However, tobacco leaf injury from herbicidal treatment was not much than in the case of oxyfluorfen treatment”
The same questions in other papers
herbicide · crop injury · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.