Abstract
The effects of doubled carbon dioxide concentration(350～700 μmol·mol-1) and enhanced UV-B radiation(4～15 μW·cm-2) on soybean growth and rhizosphere microorganisms were imitated in artificial climate room.The soybean variety was Qihuang 27.The results showed that:(1)Doubled CO2 significantly increased the seedlings height and overground biomass.It also improved the underground biomass but not reach to a significant different level.Enhanced UV-B radiation significantly decreased overground biomass.However,it had not significant effects on seedlings height.When the two factors combined,doubled CO2 could alleviated the opposite effects induced by enhanced UV-B.Root/shoot ratio was all significantly decreased by doubled CO2,enhanced UV-B and their combination,while a more pronounced decrease occurred when the two stresses were applied together.(2)Doubled CO2 significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin,and significantly increased photosynthesis.Enhanced UV-B radiation induced significantly decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthesis,and significantly increase in contents of carotenoid and anthocyanin.When two stresses were supplied together,the additive effects were observed in pigment contents and photosynthesis.(3)In relation to the number of root nodule,bacteria and epiphyte,doubled CO2 significantly increased the number of root nodule and epiphyte.However,enhanced UV-B significantly decreased the number of bacteria and epiphyte.In combination of doubled CO2 and enhanced UV-B,the effects of doubled CO2 could alleviated the inhibition of enhanced UV-B on the number of epiphyte,but it exaggerated the decrease on the number of bacteria induced by enhanced UV-B.In conclusion,doubled CO2 and enhanced UV-B maybe indirectly affect the number of root nodule and rhizosphere microorganisms through the effects on dry mass distributions and root metabolism.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 increased seedling height and overground biomass significantly.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Material
- Qihuang 27e1
- Treatment
- Doubled CO2e0
- Outcome
- seedlings height and overground biomasse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Doubled CO2 significantly increased the seedlings height and overground biomass”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“The soybean variety was Qihuang 27”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 improved underground biomass without statistical significance.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Doubled CO2e1
- Outcome
- underground biomasse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“It also improved the underground biomass but not reach to a significant different level”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“Doubled CO2 significantly increased the seedlings height and overground biomass.It also improved the underground biomass but not reach to a significant different level”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UV-B decreased overground biomass significantly.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Enhanced UV-B radiatione0
- Outcome
- overground biomasse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced UV-B radiation significantly decreased overground biomass”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UV-B had no significant effect on seedling height.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Enhanced UV-B radiatione1
- Outcome
- seedlings heighte0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it had not significant effects on seedlings height”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“Enhanced UV-B radiation significantly decreased overground biomass.However,it had not significant effects on seedlings height”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 alleviated the adverse UV-B effects under combined exposure.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2e0
- Outcome
- opposite effectse0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Comparator
- enhanced UV-Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“doubled CO2 could alleviated the opposite effects induced by enhanced UV-B”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2, enhanced UV-B and their combination decreased root/shoot ratio, especially together.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2,enhanced UV-B and their combinatione0
- Outcome
- Root/shoot ratioe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root/shoot ratio was all significantly decreased by doubled CO2,enhanced UV-B and their combination,while a more pronounced decrease occurred when the two stresses were applied together”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 reduced chlorophyll, carotenoid and anthocyanin contents.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Doubled CO2e0
- Outcome
- contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Doubled CO2 significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 increased photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Doubled CO2e1
- Outcome
- photosynthesise0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increased photosynthesis”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“Doubled CO2 significantly decreased the contents of chlorophyll,carotenoid and anthocyanin,and significantly increased photosynthesis”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UV-B reduced chlorophyll content and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Enhanced UV-B radiatione0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll content and photosynthesise0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Enhanced UV-B radiation induced significantly decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthesis”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UV-B increased carotenoid and anthocyanin contents.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Enhanced UV-B radiatione1
- Outcome
- contents of carotenoid and anthocyanine0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“significantly increase in contents of carotenoid and anthocyanin”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“Enhanced UV-B radiation induced significantly decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthesis,and significantly increase in contents of carotenoid and anthocyanin”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined CO2 and UV-B showed additive effects on pigment contents and photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- two stressese0
- Outcome
- pigment contents and photosynthesise0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When two stresses were supplied together,the additive effects were observed in pigment contents and photosynthesis”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 increased root nodule and epiphyte numbers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2e0
- Interactor
- epiphytee0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of root nodule and epiphytee0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“doubled CO2 significantly increased the number of root nodule and epiphyte”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Enhanced UV-B decreased bacteria and epiphyte numbers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- enhanced UV-Be0
- Second interactor
- epiphytee0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of bacteria and epiphytee0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhanced UV-B significantly decreased the number of bacteria and epiphyte”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 alleviated UV-B suppression of epiphyte numbers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2e0
- Interactor
- epiphytee0symbiont
- Outcome
- number of epiphytee0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
- Comparator
- enhanced UV-Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the effects of doubled CO2 could alleviated the inhibition of enhanced UV-B on the number of epiphyte”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
Claim · model-written summary
Doubled CO2 exacerbated the UV-B-associated reduction in bacteria numbers.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2e1
- Outcome
- number of bacteriae0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- enhanced UV-Be0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“it exaggerated the decrease on the number of bacteria induced by enhanced UV-B”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
e1“In combination of doubled CO2 and enhanced UV-B,the effects of doubled CO2 could alleviated the inhibition of enhanced UV-B on the number of epiphyte,but it exaggerated the decrease on the number of bacteria induced by enhanced UV-B”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors suggest CO2 and UV-B may indirectly affect nodules and rhizosphere microbes through biomass allocation and root metabolism.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- doubled CO2 and enhanced UV-Be0
- Outcome
- number of root nodule and rhizosphere microorganismse0
- Qualifier
- dry mass distributions and root metabolisme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“doubled CO2 and enhanced UV-B maybe indirectly affect the number of root nodule and rhizosphere microorganisms through the effects on dry mass distributions and root metabolism”
t0“soybean (Glycine max Merr.).”
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