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“decrease in A”

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Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The TTC assay decrease corresponded quantitatively to the plating assay decrease in Haplopappus cultures under freezing and plasmolysis stress.

Taxon: HaplopappusHaplopappuse3
Treatment: freezing stress and plasmolysis stresse1
Outcome: TTC assaye1
Direction: quantitative correspondencee1
Comparator: plating assaye1

Verbatim

e1
“These studies show that there is a quantitative correspondence between the decrease in the plating assay and in the TTC assay when these cells are subjected to freezing stress and plasmolysis stress”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 696–894

e3
“The use of the TTC procedure as a viability assay is supported by studies with Haplopappus tissue cultures”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 507–613

Title

Studies on the reduction of 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride as a viability assay for plant tissue cultures

Leigh E. Towill; Peter Mazur Canadian Journal of Botany 1975. doi:10.1139/b75-129

Other claims from this paper (1)

Method / resource The standard TTC incubation mixture for Acer saccharum cultures contained 0.8% TTC.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

For early sown wheat the ensemble missed the winter decrease in aboveground biomass from senescence.

Taxon: winter wheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome: decrease of crop above ground biomasse0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: winter monthse0

Verbatim

e0
“the MME does not capture the decrease of crop above ground biomass during winter months due to senescence”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1009–1114

t0
“winter wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 14–26

Title

Simulation of winter wheat response to variable sowing dates and densities in a high-yielding environment

Sibylle Dueri; Hamish Brown; Senthold Asseng; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 2022. doi:10.1093/jxb/erac221

Other claims from this paper (4)

Method / resource The ensemble simulated seasonal wheat growth well under standard sowing.
Method / resource The ensemble failed under early sowing.
Method / resource The ensemble failed under high sowing rates.
Recommendation The authors recommend models account better for tiller competition and mortality.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Virtual staining detected a decrease in tobacco BY-2 cell aspect ratio after propyzamide treatment.

Taxon: tobaccoNicotiana tabacume1
Material: BY-2e1
Treatment: propyzamide treatmente0
Outcome: cell aspect ratioe0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The trained models successfully detected the expansion of cell nuclei upon aphidicolin treatment and a decrease in the cell aspect ratio upon propyzamide treatment, demonstrating its utility in cell morphometry.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 361–572

e1
“microscopy images of tobacco BY-2 cells”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 175–214

Title

Virtual staining from bright-field microscopy for label-free quantitative analysis of plant cell structures

Manami Ichita; Haruna Yamamichi; Takumi Higaki Plant Molecular Biology 2025. doi:10.1007/s11103-025-01558-w

Other claims from this paper (7)

Method / resource Virtual staining detected nucleus expansion after aphidicolin treatment in tobacco BY-2 cells.
Method / resource The model accurately documented wild-type Arabidopsis pavement cell shape.
Method / resource The model accurately documented pavement cell shape in the Arabidopsis bpp125 triple mutant with an altered phenotype.
Method / resource Virtual-staining cell area, circularity and solidity were highly correlated with manual measurements.
Method / resource Virtual staining tracked chloroplast movement in Egeria densa.
Method / resource Virtual staining effectively classified live and dead BY-2 cells with texture-based machine learning.
Recommendation The authors consider virtual staining highly suitable for label-free, dynamic and high-throughput quantitative plant cell analysis despite limitations.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pea nuclei had a greater fluorescence decrease than maize nuclei except in Otto’s buffer.

Taxon: P. sativumLathyrus oleraceuse0
Outcome: fluorescence intensitye0
Direction: greater decreasee0
Qualifier: With the exception of Otto's buffere0
Comparator: Z. mayse0

Verbatim

e0
“With the exception of Otto's buffer, nuclei of P. sativum and Z. mays were affected differently, with pea nuclei exhibiting a greater decrease in fluorescence intensity.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1842–2011

Title

Flow Cytometric and Microscopic Analysis of the Effect of Tannic Acid on Plant Nuclei and Estimation of DNA Content

JOÃO LOUREIRO; ELEAZAR RODRIGUEZ; JAROSLAV DOLEŽEL; et al. Annals of Botany 2006. doi:10.1093/aob/mcl140

Other claims from this paper (5)

Method / resource Tannic acid affected PI fluorescence and light scattering in plant nuclei across isolation buffers.
Method / resource The tannic acid effect was least pronounced with Tris.MgCl2 buffer.
Method / resource Samples prepared with Galbraith’s and LB01 buffers were most affected by tannic acid.
Observation The tannic acid effect occurred immediately after addition.
Method / resource Altered light scattering can indicate tannic acid in nuclear suspensions.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Model accuracies tended to decrease with increasing training time because of differences in phenological phases between regions.

Outcome: model accuraciese0
Direction: decreasee0
Comparator: different regionse0

Verbatim

e0
“the model accuracies tend to decrease with increasing time due to the differences in phenological phases in different regions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 907–1032

Title

Transferability of Machine Learning Models for Crop Classification in Remote Sensing Imagery Using a New Test Methodology: A Study on Phenological, Temporal, and Spatial Influences

Hauke Hoppe; Peter Dietrich; Philip Marzahn; et al. Remote Sensing 2024. doi:10.3390/rs16091493

Other claims from this paper (3)

Method / resource Trained on a single day, XGBoost reached a combined F1-score of 82%.
Method / resource Trained on the half-season, XGBoost reached a combined F1-score of 72%.
Method / resource Trained over the entire growing season, Majority Voting reached a combined F1-score of 61%.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Transferring CLAIR parameters did not significantly decrease estimation accuracy.

Outcome: estimation accuraciese0
Direction: no significant decreasee0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“transferability of the local CLAIR model parameters between the two test sites observing no significant decrease in estimation accuracies”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1339–1476

Title

Estimation of Leaf Area Index Using DEIMOS-1 Data: Application and Transferability of a Semi-Empirical Relationship between two Agricultural Areas

Francesco Vuolo; Nikolaus Neugebauer; Salvatore Bolognesi; et al. Remote Sensing 2013. doi:10.3390/rs5031274

Other claims from this paper (7)

Method / resource The preferred approach gave Italy an RMSE of 0.407.
Method / resource The preferred approach gave Italy an R2 of 0.88.
Method / resource The Austrian site had an RMSE of 0.86.
Method / resource The Austrian site had an R2 of 0.64.
Method / resource RF transfer increased RMSE up to 24.5%.
Method / resource SVM transfer increased RMSE up to 38.9%.
Method / resource Statistical methods had accuracy comparable to CLAIR at each site.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Canopy coverage correction produced a 35.76% decrease in error in the sparse-canopy dataset.

Taxon: rapeseedt0
Outcome: accuracy of LAI inversione0
Direction: positivee0
Value: 35.76%e0
Qualifier: sparse canopy datasete0

Verbatim

e0
“CC had a significantly positive impact on the accuracy of LAI inversion especially in sparse canopy structure with the 22.24% decrease in the entire dataset and 35.76% decrease in the sparse canopy dataset.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 363–569

t0
“rapeseed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–21

Title

Retrieval of rapeseed leaf area index using the PROSAIL model with canopy coverage derived from UAV images as a correction parameter

Bo Sun; Chufeng Wang; Chenghai Yang; et al. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation 2021. doi:10.1016/j.jag.2021.102373

Other claims from this paper (5)

Method / resource Canopy coverage correction significantly improved LAI inversion accuracy, with a 22.24% decrease in error for the entire dataset.
Method / resource The empirical statistical model performed better on the 2016 dataset, with NRMSE of 0.131 versus 0.152 for PROSAIL.
Method / resource The empirical statistical model had lower accuracy for 2018, with NRSME of 0.348 versus PROSAIL NRMSE of 0.168.
Method / resource PROSAIL was more robust across 2016 and 2018, with NRMSE values of 0.152 and 0.168.
Method / resource PROSAIL LAI inversion accuracy fell sharply at pixel sizes above 10 cm.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The developed system indicated zones requiring a speed decrease of about 50%.

Outcome: decreased speede0
Value: 50%e0

Verbatim

e0
“The set point built by the developed system pointed out zones with a decreased speed in the order of 50%.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1614–1719

Title

Fuzzy control system for variable rate irrigation using remote sensing

Willians Ribeiro Mendes; Fábio Meneghetti U. Araújo; Ritaban Dutta; et al. Expert Systems with Applications 2019. doi:10.1016/j.eswa.2019.01.043

Other claims from this paper (4)

Method / resource The irrigation system identified areas of lower leaf development for slower pivot speed.
Method / resource Three quarters of the crop area showed spatial variation during water application.
Method / resource The proposed system yielded pivot timer adjustments of 37% and 47%.
Method / resource The authors concluded that fuzzy logic with edaphoclimatic variables can establish a high-precision irrigation control model.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Photodiode LEDIF tracked the drought-associated decrease in leaf photochemical reflectance index (R2 = 0.59).

Taxon: Polygala myrtifoliaPolygala myrtifoliat0
Outcome: leaf-level photochemical reflectance indexe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: R2 = 0.59e0

Verbatim

e0
“LEDIFphotodiode closely tracked drought responses associated with a decrease in photochemical quenching (R2 = 0.69), Fv/Fm (R2 = 0.59) and leaf-level photochemical reflectance index (R2 = 0.59)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1701–1894

t0
“Polygala myrtifolia”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 985–1004

Title

Tracking canopy chlorophyll fluorescence with a low-cost light emitting diode platform

Logan E G Brissette; Christopher Y S Wong; Devin P McHugh; et al. AoB Plants 2023. doi:10.1093/aobpla/plad069

Other claims from this paper (3)

Method / resource Photodiode and hyperspectral LEDIF retrievals performed similarly, with R2 = 0.77.
Method / resource Photodiode LEDIF tracked the drought-associated decrease in photochemical quenching (R2 = 0.69).
Method / resource Photodiode LEDIF tracked the drought-associated decrease in Fv/Fm (R2 = 0.59).

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultnegativenot significant (as stated)simulated

Claim · model-written summary

Forecast errors produced a nonsignificant 0.03euro.m−2 (2%) decrease in greenhouse control performance relative to perfect forecasts.

Outcome: performance of the controlled greenhouse systeme0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.03euro.m−2 (2%)e0
Comparator: perfect forecastse0

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e0
“the performance of the controlled greenhouse system is not significantly affected by the forecast error, a performance decrease of 0.03euro.m−2 (2%) was observed with respect to the case in which perfect forecasts were used”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 942–1165

Title

Weather forecast error modelling and performance analysis of automatic greenhouse climate control

Wouter J.P. Kuijpers; Duarte J. Antunes; Simon van Mourik; et al. Biosystems Engineering 2022. doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2021.12.014

Other claims from this paper (2)

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