Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Distilled-water soaking for 24 to 48 hours increased Lespedeza cuneata germination relative to untreated control.

Taxon: Lespedeza cuneataLespedeza cuneatat0
Treatment: distilled watere0
Outcome: germination ratese0
Direction: highere0
Qualifier: 24 to 48 hourse0
Comparator: control sample with no treatmente0

Verbatim

e0
“However, submerging treatments in a nutrient medium or distilled water for 24 to 48 hours were proven effective with higher germination rates than control sample with no treatment. Herbs and plants widely used for the ecological restoration were selected for germination rate analysis under treatment of microorganisms to determine ideal treatment conditions and medium for enhanced germination rate. Albizzia julibrissi…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1166–2693

t0
“Lespedeza cuneata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 85–102

Title

The Increase of Seeds Germination in Albizzia julibrissin, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya and Lespedeza cuneata by Microbial Treatment

Go-Woon Cha; Young-Jin Hur; Tae‐Young Ahn Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology 2008

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Nutrient-medium soaking shortened the germination period of Albizzia julibrissin.
Intervention effect Distilled-water soaking shortened the germination period of Albizzia julibrissin.
Intervention effect JM-2 culture solution for 24 hours yielded 90% Albizzia julibrissin germination in two days.
Intervention effect Microorganism solution for 15 and 48 hours shortened Lespedeza cyrtobotrya germination period.
Intervention effect Microorganism solution for 15 and 48 hours did not increase Lespedeza cyrtobotrya germination rates.
Intervention effect A 24-hour solution treatment increased Lespedeza cyrtobotrya germination rate.
Intervention effect A 24-hour solution treatment enhanced Lespedeza cyrtobotrya germination period.
Intervention effect Microorganism-treated Lespedeza cuneata seeds germinated less than untreated controls.
Intervention effect Nutrient-medium soaking for 24 to 48 hours increased Lespedeza cuneata germination relative to untreated control.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Narrower spacing reduced leaf area, head diameter, seeds per head and thousand-seed weight.

Taxon: sunflowerHelianthus annuuse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Treatment: distance between hillse0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Outcome: leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per heade0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
Direction: decreaseinferrede0 t0 t1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“while a reverse results was obtained for leaf area , head diameter , number of seeds per head and weight of 1000 seeds for both years of study”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1434–1576

t0
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

t1
“sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–82

e2
“Flamme genotype was significantly superior (P < 0.05 ) in most characters of growth , yields and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 498–622

e3
“Oil percentage and oil yields in the first year , and the value of the above characters reached the highest at 20 cm distance between hills”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1027–1166

e4
“For the second character the average was 43.02 and 62.56 % as compared with 30 and 40 cm distance among hills respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1310–1432

e5
“Decreasing distance between hills caused significant increase in the plant height, leaf area index ,dry matter yield , seed yield and harvest index in both years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 864–1025

e6
“the number of plants per hill was (1, 2plants )”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 390–437

e7
“when planting two plants in a hill; the yields of seed increased about 70% as an average for both years and oil yields to about 54% as compared with planting one plant per hill”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1579–1755

Title

Response of growth and yields of three sunflower genotypes (Helianthus annuus L .) to arrangement system of plants in farm

B. H. Abduallah Anbar Journal of Agricultural Sciences 2008. doi:10.32649/ajas.2008.32102

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation Flamme had superior growth, yield and harvest index relative to the other genotypes.
Observation Flamme seed yield averaged 10.19 ton /ha, compared with Akmar at 6.12 and Euro flower at 6.46 ton / ha.
Observation Flamme oil yield was 3.82 ton /ha, above Akmar at 2.31 and Euroflower at 2.41 ton /ha.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased sunflower plant height, leaf area index and dry matter yield.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased seed yield and harvest index.
Intervention effect Narrower hill spacing increased oil percentage and oil yield in the first year.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, seed yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 38.33% and 54.09%, respectively.
Intervention effect At 20 cm spacing, oil yield exceeded yields at 30 and 40 cm by 43.02% and 62.56%, respectively.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased seed yield by about 70% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Two plants per hill increased oil yield by about 54% compared with one plant per hill.
Intervention effect Plant number per hill had no reported effect on harvest index.
Intervention effect One plant per hill significantly increased sunflower oil percentage.
Intervention effect Flamme produced higher seed and oil yields at 20 cm spacing and two plants per hill.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Parasitism in the pesticide field was 5.5% in the second generation and 11.9% in the third generation.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutume0
Outcome: Parasitisme4
Value: 5.5% in the second generation and 11.9% in the third generatione4
Setting: pesticide fielde4

Verbatim

e0
“To understand the ecological effects of mass-releasing Trichogramma chilonis in cotton fields, the biological control effects of this parasite were examined in two transgenic Bt cotton fields: one in which T.chilonis had been released and one in which it had not; and three non-transgenic cotton fields: one in which T.chilonis had been released in conjunction with chemical pesticides (IPM field), one with chemical pes…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–588

e4
“Parasitism of the fourth generation of cotton bollworms was, except for the pesticide field (52.1%), in excess of 60.0% in all other fields. (3) Parasitism in the pesticide field was 5.5% in the second generation and 11.9% in the third generation, a decrease of 8.8% and 14.8%, compared to the transgenic field in which T.chilonis had been released, and 40.9% and 56.2% compared to the IPM field”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1362–1757

Title

Control of Helicoverpa armigera and related ecological effects following mass-release of Trichogramma chilonis in transgenic Bt and routine cotton fields

Liu Wan Acta Entomologica Sinica 2003

Other claims from this paper (19)

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing chitosan concentration improved protection against D. rosae on rose.

Taxon: rosee0
Treatment: chitosan concentratione0
Interactor: D. rosaeDiplocarpon rosaee0pathogen
Outcome: better protectione0
Direction: Increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of dieffenbachia against Myrotecium gave about 40% Myrotecium leaf spot response under Curative application.

Taxon: dieffenbachiaDieffenbachiae0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: Myroteciume0pathogen
Outcome: Myrotecium leaf spote0
Direction: controllede0
Value: about 40%e0
Qualifier: Curative applicatione0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of rose against Peronospora sparsa gave over 72% Effectiveness of chitosan response under plastic tunnel.

Taxon: rosee0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: Peronospora sparsaPeronospora sparsae0pathogen
Outcome: Effectiveness of chitosane0
Direction: effectivenesse0
Value: over 72%e0
Qualifier: plastic tunnele0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of dieffenbachia against Myrothecium gave more than 85% Myrothecium leaf spot response under leaf spraying.

Taxon: dieffenbachiaDieffenbachiae0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: MyrotheciumMyrotheciume0pathogen
Outcome: Myrothecium leaf spote0
Direction: inhibitede0
Value: more than 85%e0
Qualifier: leaf sprayinge0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of willow against Melampsora epitea gave 10 to 25% uredinia response under 01-0.04%.

Taxon: willowSalixe0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: Melampsora epiteaMelampsora epiteae0pathogen
Outcome: urediniae0
Direction: dried upe0
Value: 10 to 25%e0
Qualifier: 01-0.04%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of Pinus sylvestris against Lophodermium spp gave below 50% effectiveness of chitosan response under short programme.

Taxon: Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrise0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: Lophodermium sppLophodermiume0pathogen
Outcome: effectiveness of chitosane0
Direction: effectivenesse0
Value: below 50%e0
Qualifier: short programmee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Chitosan treatment of Pinus sylvestris against Lophodermium spp gave more than 50% effectiveness of chitosan response under long programme.

Taxon: Pinus sylvestrisPinus sylvestrise0
Treatment: chitosane0
Interactor: Lophodermium sppLophodermiume0pathogen
Outcome: effectiveness of chitosane0
Direction: effectivenesse0
Value: more than 50%e0
Qualifier: long programmee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Chitosan, (Biochikol 020 PC) a potential elicitor of plant defence and also an active inhibitor of fungal growth was used in experiments. The compound was used at concentrations 0.01 to 0.2% as a plant spray for rose protection against Sphaerotheca pannosa var. rosae, Peronospora sparsa and Diplocarpon rosae, Oidium chrysanthemi and Puccinia horiana on chrysanthemum, against Melampsora epitea on willow. Myrothecium r…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–2664

Title

Chitosan (biochikol 020 PC) in the control of some ornamental foliage diseases.

A T Wojdyła PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (15)

“decrease in A”

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