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Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Understanding the nitrogen cycle and nutrient use efficiency is important to reduce N problems globally.

Outcome
understanding of nitrogen cycle and nutrient use efficiencye7

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e7

“understanding of nitrogen cycle and nutrient use efficiency is important”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1590–1662

Title

Key to Life, Risks and Cycle of Nitrogen

Desta Abayechaw; Wondimkun Dikr Cross Current International Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences 2023. doi:10.36344/ccijavs.2023.v05i04.002

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Other claims from this paper (6)
Associationauthor interpretationreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Irrigation practices co-determine water use efficiency (WUE) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in cotton.

Treatment
irrigation practicese4
Outcome
water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)e5
Direction
co-determininge5

Verbatim

e4

“We systematically examine how irrigation practices regulate carbon assimilation and soil organic carbon dynamics while simultaneously controlling nitrogen transformations and losses”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 628–809
e5

“thereby co-determining water use efficiency (WUE), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), greenhouse gas emissions, and nitrate leaching”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 811–939
t0

“cotton agroecosystems”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 35–56

Title

The water-carbon-nitrogen nexus in cotton agroecosystems: A lever for achieving water sustainability and enhanced ecosystem services

Xianlin Zhou; Fei Cao; Qiang Dong; et al. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 2026. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2026.102878

Other claims from this paper (4)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend adjusting harvest timing to nitrogen rate to increase rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.

Outcome
adjusting the harvesting time according to the N application ratee0

Verbatim

e0

“adjusting the harvesting time according to the N application rate further increased grain yield and N use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1467–1583
e1

“rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 75–113

Title

Adjusting harvesting time according to nitrogen application rate maximizes rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency

Wanyang Zhang; Wenfeng Hou; Jianwei Lu; et al. Journal of Plant Nutrition 2024. doi:10.1080/01904167.2024.2354202

Other claims from this paper (10)
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Mean nitrogen use efficiency was 47.0%.

Taxon
MaizeZea mayst0
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye6
Value
47.0%e6

Verbatim

t0

“Summer Maize”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–61
e6

“agronomic efficiency of nitrogen and nitrogen use efficiency were 9.1 kg and 47.0%,respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 989–1084

Title

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilization Distribution on Summer Maize Yield,Net return and Nitrogen Use Efficiency

Li Li Shanxi nongye kexue 2010

Other claims from this paper (15)
Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The improved nitrogen use efficiency of grafted watermelon could be attributed to better N uptake efficiency of wild rootstocks.

Taxon
watermelonCitrullus lanatuse3
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye3
Qualifier
better N uptake efficiencye3

Verbatim

e3

“this improved nitrogen use efficiency could be attributed to better N uptake efficiency of wild watermelon rootstocks”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1454–1571

Title

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

Muhammad Azher Nawaz; Xiaojie Han; Chen Chen; et al. Agronomy 2018. doi:10.3390/agronomy8110259

Other claims from this paper (10)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Grafting onto some wild rootstocks can improve nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon.

Taxon
watermelonCitrullus lanatuse4
Treatment
grafting onto some wild rootstockse4
Outcome
nitrogen use efficiencye4

Verbatim

e4

“In conclusion, grafting onto some wild rootstocks can improve nitrogen use efficiency of watermelon”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1349–1448

Title

Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Watermelon Grafted onto 10 Wild Watermelon Rootstocks under Low Nitrogen Conditions

Muhammad Azher Nawaz; Xiaojie Han; Chen Chen; et al. Agronomy 2018. doi:10.3390/agronomy8110259

Other claims from this paper (10)
Associationauthor interpretationreview summarypositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Improved nitrogen use efficiency has the potential to enhance crop yield under low nitrogen supply.

Taxon
Cropst0
Treatment
Improved nitrogen use efficiencye0
Outcome
yielde0
Direction
enhancee0

Verbatim

t0

“Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crops”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 68–100
e0

“Improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE: capacity to produce a supplement of yield for each added unit of N fertilizer) has the potential to enhance yield under low nitrogen (N)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 8–183

Title

From Agronomy and Ecophysiology to Molecular Genetics for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Crops

Bertrand Hirel; Gilles Lemaire Journal of Crop Improvement 2006. doi:10.1300/j411v15n02_07

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

NFE was considered a more useful index for evaluating nitrogen use efficiency.

Outcome
more useful in evaluating nitrogen use efficiencye0
Qualifier
NFEe1

Verbatim

e0

“which indicated that it should be more useful in evaluating nitrogen use efficiency.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 612–696
e1

“NFE, as an integrated index”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 432–459
t0

“wheat varieties”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 89–104

Title

[Nitrogen use efficiency and its relationship with nitrogen nutrition characteristics of wheat varieties].

Chuanfan Sun; Tingbo Dai; Qi Jing; et al. PubMed 2004

Other claims from this paper (5)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommend optimizing fertilizer nitrogen rates under SRI to increase yield and nitrogen and water use efficiency.

Outcome
optimizing fertilizer N application rates under SRIe0
Qualifier
increase yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiencye0

Verbatim

e0

“optimizing fertilizer N application rates under SRI is important to increase yield, N use efficiency and water use efficiency”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1980–2105
t0

“SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 17–47

Title

INFLUENCE OF THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION ON RICE YIELD AND NITROGEN AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY WITH DIFFERENT N APPLICATION RATES

LIMEI ZHAO; LIANGHUAN WU; YONGSHAN LI; et al. Experimental Agriculture 2009. doi:10.1017/s0014479709007583

Other claims from this paper (14)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Early selection for nitrogen use efficiency in perennial ryegrass is feasible using the hydroponics system.

Taxon
Lolium perenne L.Lolium perennee0
Outcome
early selection for nitrogen use efficiencye4
Setting
hydroponics systeme4

Verbatim

e0

“perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) using a hydroponics system that controls the plant nitrogen concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 71–183
e4

“early selection for nitrogen use efficiency is feasible using this hydroponics system”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 565–650

Title

Selection for nitrogen use efficiency in perennial ryegrass using hydroponics

E.N. van Loo; A.J.P. van Wijk; O. Dolstra; et al. Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling 1997

Other claims from this paper (2)
Observationobservedoriginal resultsimulated

Claim · model-written summary

For collards, a maximum applied water use efficiency or nitrogen use efficiency could not be determined.

Outcome
maximums for A WUE or NUEe1

Verbatim

e0

“For collards”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2409–2421
e1

“It was not possible to determine maximums for A WUE or NUE”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2624–2682

Title

Response of leafy winter vegetables to water and nitrogen inputs under subsurface trickle irrigation.

Julio Rodríguez-Casas UA Campus Repository (The University of Arizona) 1994

Other claims from this paper (16)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors state that increasing cereal nitrogen use efficiency must accompany increased yields.

Taxon
cereale0
Outcome
increased cereal NUE must accompany increased yieldse0

Verbatim

e0

“increased cereal NUE must accompany increased yields”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 941–993

Title

Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency for Cereal Production

William R. Raun; Gordon V. Johnson Agronomy Journal 1999. doi:10.2134/agronj1999.00021962009100030001x

Other claims from this paper (3)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A nitrogen-use-efficiency parameter should include the mean residence time of N in the plant.

Taxon
plante0
Outcome
mean residence time of the Ne0

Verbatim

e0

“A parameter to measure the efficiency of nitrogen use should include 1) the mean residence time of the N in the plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–117

Title

Nitrogen-use efficiency : a biologically meaningful definition?

Frank Berendse; Rien Aerts Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) 1987

Other claims from this paper (2)
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The two components of nitrogen-use efficiency make two conflicting demands upon N allocation within the plant.

Taxon
plante0
Outcome
N allocation within the plante0
Qualifier
2 conflicting demandse0

Verbatim

e0

“they make 2 conflicting demands upon the N allocation within the plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 352–422

Title

Nitrogen-use efficiency : a biologically meaningful definition?

Frank Berendse; Rien Aerts Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) 1987

Other claims from this paper (2)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

A nitrogen-use-efficiency parameter should include the instantaneous rate of C-fixation per unit of N in the plant.

Taxon
plante0
Outcome
instantaneous rate of C-fixation per unit of Ne0

Verbatim

e0

“2) the instantaneous rate of C-fixation per unit of N in the plant”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 193–259

Title

Nitrogen-use efficiency : a biologically meaningful definition?

Frank Berendse; Rien Aerts Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) 1987

Other claims from this paper (2)
Observationobservedreview summarybasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

More recent cereal breeding objectives include minimizing unwanted waste straw and increasing the efficiency of applied fertilizer nitrogen use.

Taxon
cerealt0
Outcome
minimizing production of unwanted waste straw, increasing the efficiency of utilization of applied fertilizer nitrogene1

Verbatim

t0

“breeding cereal varieties”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 23–48
e1

“minimizing production of unwanted waste straw, increasing the efficiency of utilization of applied fertilizer nitrogen”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 251–369

Title

Aims and objectives in breeding cereal varieties

L A J Slootmaker Outlook on Agriculture 1974. doi:10.1177/003072707400800304

Other claims from this paper (3)
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

High available soil N partly explains both high apparent N recovery and high DM response

Taxon
perennial ryegrassLolium perennee0
Outcome
high apparent recovery of N and high DM responsee1
Qualifier
available soil Ne1

Verbatim

e0

“from primary growth and two successive regrowths of perennial ryegrass”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 50–120
e1

“High available soil N is partly responsible for both high apparent recovery of N and high DM response”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–966

Title

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND APPLICATIONS OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN AND IMPLICATIONS IN EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN USE

I. V. Hunt; J. Frame; R. D. Harkess W Grass and Forage Science 1975. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01372.x

Other claims from this paper (9)
Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The high DM response appears associated with inclusion of growths given no fertilizer N

Taxon
perennial ryegrassLolium perennee0
Outcome
DM responsee1
Qualifier
inclusion of growths given no fertilizer Ne2

Verbatim

e0

“from primary growth and two successive regrowths of perennial ryegrass”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 50–120
e1

“High available soil N is partly responsible for both high apparent recovery of N and high DM response”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 865–966
e2

“The latter appears to be associated with inclusion of growths given no fertilizer N”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 968–1051

Title

INTERACTIONS BETWEEN FIRST AND SECOND APPLICATIONS OF FERTILIZER NITROGEN AND IMPLICATIONS IN EFFICIENCY OF NITROGEN USE

I. V. Hunt; J. Frame; R. D. Harkess W Grass and Forage Science 1975. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2494.1975.tb01372.x

Other claims from this paper (9)
Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Adequate fertilizer and plant densities are required if maximum efficiency of moisture use is to be realized.

Outcome
maximum efficiency of moisture usee0

Verbatim

e0

“if maximum efficiency of moisture use is to be realized, adequate fertilizer and plant densities are required”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1306–1415
t0

“Corn”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 32–36

Title

Evapotranspiration and Yield of Corn as Influenced by Moisture Level, Nitrogen Fertilization, and Plant Density

C. W. Carlson; J. Alessi; R. H. Mickelson Soil Science Society of America Journal 1959. doi:10.2136/sssaj1959.03615995002300030026x

Other claims from this paper (12)

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