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“magnitude of decrease”

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The mid-Holocene Ulmus decline at Diss Mere, Norfolk, UK: a year-by-year pollen stratigraphy from annual laminations 2

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Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The form, magnitude, and rate of the Ulmus decline are consistent with a pathogenic attack.

Taxon
UlmusUlmuse2
Outcome
Ulmus declinee2
Qualifier
pathogenic attacke2

Verbatim

e2

“The form, magnitude, and rate of decrease of the Ulmus decline at Diss Mere are all consistent with the hypothesis of a pathogenic attack”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1061–1198

Title

The mid-Holocene Ulmus decline at Diss Mere, Norfolk, UK: a year-by-year pollen stratigraphy from annual laminations

Sylvia M. Peglar The Holocene 1993. doi:10.1177/095968369300300101

Other claims from this paper (3)
Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The mid-Holocene elm decline was caused by a combination of disease and human activity.

Taxon
UlmusUlmuse2
Outcome
elm declinee4
Qualifier
a combination of disease and human activitye4

Verbatim

e2

“The form, magnitude, and rate of decrease of the Ulmus decline at Diss Mere are all consistent with the hypothesis of a pathogenic attack”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1061–1198
e4

“All the available evidence from Diss supports the hypothesis that the mid-Holocene 'elm decline' was caused by a combination of disease and human activity”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1200–1354

Title

The mid-Holocene Ulmus decline at Diss Mere, Norfolk, UK: a year-by-year pollen stratigraphy from annual laminations

Sylvia M. Peglar The Holocene 1993. doi:10.1177/095968369300300101

Other claims from this paper (3)

Quantitative Aspects of Aqueous-Spray Applications of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid for Herbicidal Purposes 2

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing the spray volume below 10 ml. per square yard produced a progressive decrease in the magnitude of response on kidney-bean plants.

Taxon
kidney-beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
reduced below 10 ml. per square yarde2
Outcome
magnitude of responsee2
Direction
progressive decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1

“Aqueous sprays, containing a constant threshold amount of the ammonium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, were found to be most effective at a volume rate of 10-20 ml. per square yard when applied to young kidney-bean plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 222–451
e2

“Rates of 40-100 ml. per square yard were less effective, and there was a progressive decrease in magnitude of response as the volume was reduced below 10 ml. per square yard”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–626

Title

Quantitative Aspects of Aqueous-Spray Applications of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid for Herbicidal Purposes

Harold H. Smith Botanical Gazette 1946. doi:10.1086/335380

Other claims from this paper (10)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rates of 40-100 ml. per square yard were less effective than a volume rate of 10-20 ml. per square yard on kidney-bean plants.

Taxon
kidney-beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment
Rates of 40-100 ml. per square yarde2
Outcome
less effectivee2
Direction
less effectivee2
Comparator
volume rate of 10-20 ml. per square yarde1

Verbatim

e1

“Aqueous sprays, containing a constant threshold amount of the ammonium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, were found to be most effective at a volume rate of 10-20 ml. per square yard when applied to young kidney-bean plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 222–451
e2

“Rates of 40-100 ml. per square yard were less effective, and there was a progressive decrease in magnitude of response as the volume was reduced below 10 ml. per square yard”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–626

Title

Quantitative Aspects of Aqueous-Spray Applications of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid for Herbicidal Purposes

Harold H. Smith Botanical Gazette 1946. doi:10.1086/335380

Other claims from this paper (10)

Textural characteristics of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum) affected by suns 2

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Incipient injury significantly reduced the storage-related decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmness.

Taxon
tomato fruitsSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment
‘incipient’ injurye0
Outcome
ripening‐induced decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmnesse0
Direction
reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“For the stored fruits, the magnitude of the ripening‐induced decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmness associated with storage was significantly reduced by ‘incipient’ injury”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 428–622
t0

“tomato fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 28–41

Title

Textural characteristics of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum) affected by suns

Adegoke S Adegoroye; Peter A Jolliffe; Marvin A Tung Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1989. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740490110

Other claims from this paper (5)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Advanced injury eliminated the storage-related decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmness.

Taxon
tomato fruitsSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment
‘advanced’ injurye0
Outcome
ripening‐induced decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmnesse0
Direction
eliminatede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“For the stored fruits, the magnitude of the ripening‐induced decrease in epicarp strength, locular resistance and firmness associated with storage was significantly reduced by ‘incipient’ injury and eliminated by ‘advanced’ injury”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 428–658
t0

“tomato fruits”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 28–41

Title

Textural characteristics of tomato fruits (Lycopersicon esculentum) affected by suns

Adegoke S Adegoroye; Peter A Jolliffe; Marvin A Tung Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 1989. doi:10.1002/jsfa.2740490110

Other claims from this paper (5)

Lower responsiveness of canopy evapotranspiration rate than of leaf stomatal conductance to open‐air CO2 elevation in rice 2

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Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Larger LAI increased the magnitude of the CO2-related evapotranspiration decrease.

Treatment
elevated [CO2 ]e0
Outcome
magnitude of the decrease in evapotranspiration ratee0
Direction
increasee0
Qualifier
within the range from 0 to 4 m(2) m(-2)e0

Verbatim

e0

“a larger LAI, within the range from 0 to 4 m(2) m(-2) , can increase the magnitude of the decrease in evapotranspiration rate caused by elevated [CO2 ]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1314–1465
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–122

Title

Lower responsiveness of canopy evapotranspiration rate than of leaf stomatal conductance to open‐air CO2 elevation in rice

Hiroyuki Shimono; Hirofumi Nakamura; Toshihiro Hasegawa; et al. Global Change Biology 2013. doi:10.1111/gcb.12214

Other claims from this paper (6)
Associationauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher air temperatures increased the magnitude of the CO2-related evapotranspiration decrease.

Treatment
elevated [CO2 ]e0
Outcome
magnitude of the decrease in evapotranspiration ratee0
Direction
increasee0
Qualifier
within the range from 16 to 27 °Ce0

Verbatim

e0

“higher air temperatures, within the range from 16 to 27 °C, and a larger LAI, within the range from 0 to 4 m(2) m(-2) , can increase the magnitude of the decrease in evapotranspiration rate caused by elevated [CO2 ]”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1250–1465
t0

“rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 118–122

Title

Lower responsiveness of canopy evapotranspiration rate than of leaf stomatal conductance to open‐air CO2 elevation in rice

Hiroyuki Shimono; Hirofumi Nakamura; Toshihiro Hasegawa; et al. Global Change Biology 2013. doi:10.1111/gcb.12214

Other claims from this paper (6)

Dynamic changes in root hydraulic properties in response to nitrate availability 2

Show all 2 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The magnitude of the nitrate effect on root hydraulic resistance depended on nitrate concentration.

Taxon
Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
Treatment
nitrate concentratione1
Outcome
magnitude of the effecte1
Direction
dependente1

Verbatim

e0

“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. Holiday) plants grown hydroponically with limited nitrate availability”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–305
e1

“The response was rapid, with a 20% decrease in hydraulic resistance occurring within the first hour after the addition of 5 mM nitrate and the magnitude of the effect was dependent on nitrate concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–837

Title

Dynamic changes in root hydraulic properties in response to nitrate availability

V. Gloser; M. A. Zwieniecki; C. M. Orians; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 2007. doi:10.1093/jxb/erm118

Other claims from this paper (6)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Adding 5 mM nitrate decreased root hydraulic resistance by 20% within the first hour.

Taxon
Helianthus annuusHelianthus annuuse0
Treatment
addition of 5 mM nitratee1
Outcome
hydraulic resistancee1
Direction
decreasee1
Value
20%e1
Qualifier
within the first houre1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“Sunflower (Helianthus annuus cv. Holiday) plants grown hydroponically with limited nitrate availability”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 202–305
e1

“The response was rapid, with a 20% decrease in hydraulic resistance occurring within the first hour after the addition of 5 mM nitrate and the magnitude of the effect was dependent on nitrate concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 632–837

Title

Dynamic changes in root hydraulic properties in response to nitrate availability

V. Gloser; M. A. Zwieniecki; C. M. Orians; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 2007. doi:10.1093/jxb/erm118

Other claims from this paper (6)

The Relative Magnitude of the Partial Resistances to Transpirational Water Movement in Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.) 2

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A rapid reduction of relative humidity to 60% induced a transient decrease in water potential (Ψ) of approximately 4.5 × 10^5 Pa in sunflower.

Taxon
sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
Treatment
rapid reduction of relative humidity from 100% to 60 or 40%e7
Outcome
Ψe7
Direction
decreasese7
Value
approximately 4.5e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1

“using hydroponic sunflower plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 108–141
e7

“Abrupt increases in evaporative demand, obtained by rapid reduction of relative humidity from 100% to 60 or 40%, induced transient decreases in Ψ of approximately 4.5 and 2.5 × 105 Pa, respectively, which were accompanied by simultaneous large increases in stomatal resistance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 931–1207

Title

The Relative Magnitude of the Partial Resistances to Transpirational Water Movement in Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.)

C. R. BLACK Journal of Experimental Botany 1979. doi:10.1093/jxb/30.2.245

Other claims from this paper (12)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

A rapid reduction of relative humidity to 40% induced a transient decrease in water potential (Ψ) of 2.5 × 10^5 Pa in sunflower.

Taxon
sunflowerHelianthus annuuse1
Treatment
rapid reduction of relative humidity from 100% to 60 or 40%e7
Outcome
Ψe7
Direction
decreasese7
Value
2.5 × 105 Pae7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1

“using hydroponic sunflower plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 108–141
e7

“Abrupt increases in evaporative demand, obtained by rapid reduction of relative humidity from 100% to 60 or 40%, induced transient decreases in Ψ of approximately 4.5 and 2.5 × 105 Pa, respectively, which were accompanied by simultaneous large increases in stomatal resistance”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 931–1207

Title

The Relative Magnitude of the Partial Resistances to Transpirational Water Movement in Sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.)

C. R. BLACK Journal of Experimental Botany 1979. doi:10.1093/jxb/30.2.245

Other claims from this paper (12)

Vapour is the principal source of water imbibed by seeds in unsaturated soils 2

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Observationobservedreview summarymeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Hydraulic conductivity decreases by several orders of magnitude as soil water content, bulk density and seed-soil contact decrease.

Outcome
hydraulic conductivitye2
Direction
decreasese2
Value
several orders of magnitudee2

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e2

“While hydraulic conductivity decreases by several orders of magnitude as soil water content, bulk density and seed-contact decrease, relative humidity remains near 100%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 948–1116

Title

Vapour is the principal source of water imbibed by seeds in unsaturated soils

Stewart Wuest Seed Science Research 2007. doi:10.1017/s0960258507383165

schema checkedfield values found in the cited quotesPermalinkReport an issue

Other claims from this paper (4)
Observationobservedreview summarymeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Relative humidity remains near 100% in unsaturated soils.

Outcome
relative humiditye2
Value
100%e2

Not reportedTaxon

Verbatim

e2

“While hydraulic conductivity decreases by several orders of magnitude as soil water content, bulk density and seed-contact decrease, relative humidity remains near 100%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 948–1116

Title

Vapour is the principal source of water imbibed by seeds in unsaturated soils

Stewart Wuest Seed Science Research 2007. doi:10.1017/s0960258507383165

schema checkedfield values found in the cited quotesPermalinkReport an issue

Other claims from this paper (4)

Participation of intracellular and extracellular pH changes in photosynthetic response development induced by variation potential in pumpkin seedlings 2

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Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The increase in non-photochemical quenching depended on the decrease in medium pH.

Taxon
pumpkint0
Treatment
decrease in pHe0
Outcome
magnitude of this increasee0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“the magnitude of this increase depended on the decrease in pH.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1336–1398
t0

“pumpkin seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 133–150

Title

Participation of intracellular and extracellular pH changes in photosynthetic response development induced by variation potential in pumpkin seedlings

O. N. Sherstneva; V. A. Vodeneev; L. A. Katicheva; et al. Biochemistry (Moscow) 2015. doi:10.1134/s0006297915060139

Other claims from this paper (9)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Acidifying the incubation medium stimulated non-photochemical quenching in isolated chloroplasts.

Taxon
pumpkint0
Treatment
acidification of the mediume0
Outcome
non-photochemical quenchinge0
Direction
stimulatede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0

“acidification of the medium stimulated the non-photochemical quenching, and the magnitude of this increase depended on the decrease in pH.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1260–1398
t0

“pumpkin seedlings”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 133–150

Title

Participation of intracellular and extracellular pH changes in photosynthetic response development induced by variation potential in pumpkin seedlings

O. N. Sherstneva; V. A. Vodeneev; L. A. Katicheva; et al. Biochemistry (Moscow) 2015. doi:10.1134/s0006297915060139

Other claims from this paper (9)

Critical Period for Weed Control in Grafted and Nongrafted Fresh Market Tomato 2

Show all 2 →
Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delaying weed removal increased weed biomass by the same magnitude.

Treatment
removal of weedse0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
weed biomasse0
Direction
increasee0

Verbatim

e0

“The delay in establishment and removal of weeds resulted in weed biomass decrease and increase of the same magnitude, respectively, regardless of transplant type.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1179–1341
t0

“Tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 72–78

Title

Critical Period for Weed Control in Grafted and Nongrafted Fresh Market Tomato

Sushila Chaudhari; Katherine M. Jennings; David W. Monks; et al. Weed Science 2016. doi:10.1614/ws-d-15-00049.1

Other claims from this paper (8)
Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Delaying weed establishment decreased weed biomass.

Treatment
delay in establishmente0
Interactor
weedse0weed
Outcome
weed biomasse0
Direction
decreasee0

Verbatim

e0

“The delay in establishment and removal of weeds resulted in weed biomass decrease and increase of the same magnitude, respectively, regardless of transplant type.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1179–1341
t0

“Tomato”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 72–78

Title

Critical Period for Weed Control in Grafted and Nongrafted Fresh Market Tomato

Sushila Chaudhari; Katherine M. Jennings; David W. Monks; et al. Weed Science 2016. doi:10.1614/ws-d-15-00049.1

Other claims from this paper (8)

Integrated nutrient management in late-planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system in western Uttar Pradesh 2

Show all 2 →
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in soil pH was larger when organic sources were applied along with chemical fertilizers.

Taxon
Saccharum officinarumSaccharum officinarume0
Treatment
organic sources were applied along with chemical fertilizerse7
Outcome
magnitude of decreasee7
Direction
moree7
Comparator
chemical fertilizerse7

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted on integrated nutrient management in late-planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paoi.) system during 1995–96 to 1998–99 at Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–237
e7

“pH of the soil decreased from initial value (8.20) with the application of fertilizers and the magnitude of decrease was more when organic sources were applied along with chemical fertilizers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1214–1405

Title

Integrated nutrient management in late-planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system in western Uttar Pradesh

K. S. Gangwar; Sanjeev Sharma; O. K. Tomar Indian Journal of Agronomy 2003

Other claims from this paper (11)
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fertilizer application decreased soil pH from its initial value.

Taxon
Saccharum officinarumSaccharum officinarume0
Treatment
application of fertilizerse7
Outcome
pH of the soile7
Direction
decreasede7
Comparator
initial valuee7

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted on integrated nutrient management in late-planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L)-wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paoi.) system during 1995–96 to 1998–99 at Modipuram, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–237
e7

“pH of the soil decreased from initial value (8.20) with the application of fertilizers and the magnitude of decrease was more when organic sources were applied along with chemical fertilizers”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1214–1405

Title

Integrated nutrient management in late-planted sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) system in western Uttar Pradesh

K. S. Gangwar; Sanjeev Sharma; O. K. Tomar Indian Journal of Agronomy 2003

Other claims from this paper (11)

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