Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Deficit irrigation decreased maize grain yield and leaf area index.

Taxon: maizeZea mayst0
Treatment: defi cient irrigatione0
Outcome: grain yield, Leaf Area Indexe0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“grain yield, Leaf Area Index, leaf chlorophyll contents, the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and Leaf relative water content (RWC) were decreased by defi cient irrigation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 485–669

t0
“maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 94–99

Title

Vermicompost and Azotobacter as an ecological pathway to decrease chemical fertilizers in the maize, Zea mays

Ali Shirkhani; Safar Nasrolahzadeh Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 2016. doi:10.21786/bbrc/9.3/7

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect Deficit irrigation decreased maize leaf chlorophyll, NDVI and relative water content.
Intervention effect Azotobacter increased maize yield and leaf traits under normal and deficit irrigation.
Intervention effect Vermicompost increased maize yield and leaf traits under normal and deficit irrigation.
Observation Using 6 ton/ha vermicompost and Azotobacter supplied 50% of maize fertilizer.
Intervention effect Combined biofertilizers and chemical fertilizers increased maize yield and other traits.
Intervention effect Vermicompost plus chemical fertilizer performed better than chemical fertilizer alone, including its full recommended rate.
Recommendation The authors recommend organic sources with 50% recommended NPK fertilizer for sustainable maize production under normal and deficit irrigation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought decreased root length and volume and total dry weight of maize seedlings.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Organ / stage: rootse1
Treatment: Droughte1
Outcome: length and volume of roots, and total dry weighte1
Direction: decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Drought induced a significant decrease of relative water content and osmotic potential of leaves, length and volume of roots, and total dry weight, but significantly increased malondialdehyde in DH seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 328–535

e2
“Comparative physiological and proteomic analyses were conducted in the leaves of drought-tolerant Liyu 35 (LY) and drought-sensitive Denghai 605 (DH) maize genotype seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–326

Title

Physiology and proteomics of two maize genotypes with different drought resistance

Y.H. LI; J.Y. CUI; Q. ZHAO; et al. Biologia Plantarum 2019. doi:10.32615/bp.2019.085

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought significantly increased canopy temperature in maize landraces.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Material: K-L 1 to K-L 70e2
Treatment: drought conditionse1
Outcome: canopy temperaturee1
Direction: increasee1
Setting: Kashmire2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“A significant decrease in root and shoot traits, relative water content, cell membrane stability, chlorophyll content and a significant increase in canopy temperature was recorded under drought conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 742–946

e2
“seventy maize landraces designated as K-L 1 to K-L 70 from Kashmir were evaluated for morpho-physiological traits”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 413–526

Title

Drought Stress-induced Impact on Morpho-physiological Traits in Maize Landraces of Kashmir

Latif Ahmad Peer; Zahoor A. Dar; Aijaz A. Lone; et al. Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal 2022. doi:10.18805/ag.d-5593

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased root and shoot traits, relative water content and cell membrane stability in maize landraces.
Intervention effect Drought significantly decreased chlorophyll content in maize landraces.
Observation Some of the seventy maize landraces show desirable traits for drought tolerance.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Membrane damage increased after PEG treatment in maize and sorghum.

Taxon: maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
Treatment: PEG treatmente1
Outcome: membrane damagee1
Direction: increasee1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 90–255

e1
“A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1219–1351

Title

Sensitivity of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Maize and Sorghum under Different Drought Levels

Martin Stefanov; Georgi Rashkov; Preslava Borisova; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12091863

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Water deficiency decreased photochemical quenching (qP) in maize and sorghum.
Intervention effect Water deficiency decreased the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo) in maize and sorghum.
Intervention effect Water deficiency decreased the effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) in maize and sorghum.
Intervention effect Water deficiency decreased the rate of electron transport (ETR) in maize and sorghum.
Intervention effect Water deficiency decreased the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS in maize and sorghum.
Association The impact of drought on photosynthetic performance was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level.
Intervention effect In sorghum, PSI photochemistry was inhibited after application of all studied drought levels.
Intervention effect In maize, PSI photochemistry was inhibited only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%).
Intervention effect Drought enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) in maize.
Intervention effect Drought activated the state transition in maize.
Observation Nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO) increased in sorghum under PEG drought.
Intervention effect Pigment content and relative water content decreased after PEG treatment in maize and sorghum.
Observation Maize showed better drought tolerance than sorghum in the experiment.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Twenty-nine protein spots were differentially expressed between well-watered and water-deficient maize plants.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Material: line KS140e2
Organ / stage: V5 or V6 leaf stagee2
Treatment: withholding water for 10 dayse2
Outcome: protein spotse5
Direction: Differential expressione5
Value: 29e5
Comparator: well-watered plantse1

Verbatim

e2
“inbred maize (Zea mays L.) line KS140 was subjected to drought stress by withholding water for 10 days at the V5 or V6 leaf stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 135–264

e1
“Water-deficient plants experienced a decrease in relative leaf water content, stomatal conductance, net CO2 assimilation rate, and water use efficiency compared to well-watered plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 266–449

e5
“Differential expression was observed for 29 protein spots, and these were identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 827–945

Title

Physiological and proteomic analysis of the response to drought stress in an inbred Korean maize line

Sang-Gon Kim; Lee Jinseok; Jung‐Tae Kim; et al. Plant Omics 2015

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Drought decreased relative leaf water content, stomatal conductance and net CO2 assimilation rate in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought decreased water use efficiency in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced leaf area in maize line KS140 by 75% compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced aerial tissue dry matter by 64% in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced root dry matter by 56% in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Leaf chlorophyll content was unchanged under drought in maize line KS140.
Intervention effect Of the differentially expressed protein spots, 24 were up-regulated in water-deficient maize plants.
Intervention effect Of the differentially expressed protein spots, 5 were down-regulated in water-deficient maize plants.
Observation 34% of the identified proteins were involved in metabolism in drought-treated maize.
Observation 24% of the identified proteins were involved in response to stress in drought-treated maize.
Observation 14% of the identified proteins were involved in photosynthesis in drought-treated maize.
Observation 7% of the identified proteins were involved in protein modification in drought-treated maize.
Observation 14% of the identified proteins were of unknown function in drought-treated maize.
Intervention effect Two pathogenesis-related proteins, an abscisic stress-ripening protein and heat shock protein 1 were expressed only under drought in maize.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Of the differentially expressed protein spots, 24 were up-regulated in water-deficient maize plants.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Material: line KS140e2
Organ / stage: V5 or V6 leaf stagee2
Treatment: withholding water for 10 dayse2
Outcome: protein spotse6
Direction: increaseinferrede6
Value: 24e6
Comparator: well-watered plantse1

Verbatim

e2
“inbred maize (Zea mays L.) line KS140 was subjected to drought stress by withholding water for 10 days at the V5 or V6 leaf stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 135–264

e1
“Water-deficient plants experienced a decrease in relative leaf water content, stomatal conductance, net CO2 assimilation rate, and water use efficiency compared to well-watered plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 266–449

e6
“Of the 29 differentially expressed proteins, 24 and 5 protein spots were up- and down-regulated in water-deficient plants, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1120–1255

Title

Physiological and proteomic analysis of the response to drought stress in an inbred Korean maize line

Sang-Gon Kim; Lee Jinseok; Jung‐Tae Kim; et al. Plant Omics 2015

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Drought decreased relative leaf water content, stomatal conductance and net CO2 assimilation rate in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought decreased water use efficiency in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced leaf area in maize line KS140 by 75% compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced aerial tissue dry matter by 64% in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Drought reduced root dry matter by 56% in maize line KS140 compared with well-watered plants.
Intervention effect Leaf chlorophyll content was unchanged under drought in maize line KS140.
Intervention effect Twenty-nine protein spots were differentially expressed between well-watered and water-deficient maize plants.
Intervention effect Of the differentially expressed protein spots, 5 were down-regulated in water-deficient maize plants.
Observation 34% of the identified proteins were involved in metabolism in drought-treated maize.
Observation 24% of the identified proteins were involved in response to stress in drought-treated maize.
Observation 14% of the identified proteins were involved in photosynthesis in drought-treated maize.
Observation 7% of the identified proteins were involved in protein modification in drought-treated maize.
Observation 14% of the identified proteins were of unknown function in drought-treated maize.
Intervention effect Two pathogenesis-related proteins, an abscisic stress-ripening protein and heat shock protein 1 were expressed only under drought in maize.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Predawn leaf ABA content increased by 100-200 ng g(-1) dry weight in droughted plants at 7 days after withholding irrigation.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Treatment: droughted plantse3
Outcome: Predawn leaf ABA contente3
Direction: increasede3
Value: 100-200 ng g(-1) dry weighte3
Qualifier: at 7 DAWIe3
Comparator: fully-watered controlse1

Verbatim

e0
“field-grown maize (Zea mays L.) subjected to drought”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 74–126

e1
“Relative to fully-watered controls, xylem pH increased by about 0.2 units one day after withholding irrigation (DAWI) and conductivity decreased by about 0.25 mS cm(-1) 1-3 DAWI”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 524–701

e3
“Predawn leaf ABA content in droughted plants increased by 100-200 ng g(-1) dry weight at 7 DAWI coinciding with a decrease in stomatal conductance before any significant decrease in midday leaf water potential was observed”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1399–1621

Title

Drought‐induced changes in xylem pH, ionic composition, and ABA concentration act as early signals in field‐grown maize (Zea mays L.)

Andi Bahrun; Christian R. Jensen; Folkard Asch; et al. Journal of Experimental Botany 2002. doi:10.1093/jexbot/53.367.251

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

CML-593 chlorophyll concentration fell 14% under drought versus control.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Material: CML-593e1
Treatment: drought stresse1
Outcome: chlorophyll concentratione0
Direction: declinee0
Value: 14%e0
Comparator: control conditionse0

Verbatim

t0
“Maize (Zea mays L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 54–73

e0
“Compared with control conditions, CML-593 recorded a 21% decrease in plant height, 18% reduction in relative water content, and 14% decline in chlorophyll concentration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 913–1081

e1
“genotype CML-593 maintained significantly higher physiological performance under drought stress”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 816–911

Title

Integrative Approaches for Selecting Drought Tolerant Maize (Zea mays L.) Genotypes Based on Physiological and Biochemical Attributes

M. A. Mannan; Ferdousi Begum; Md Islam; et al. Egyptian Journal of Agronomy 2025. doi:10.21608/agro.2025.389215.1707

Other claims from this paper (13)

Observation CML-593 maintained significantly higher physiological performance under drought.
Intervention effect CML-593 plant height decreased 21% under drought versus control.
Intervention effect CML-593 relative water content fell 18% under drought versus control.
Intervention effect CML-593 proline accumulation increased 150% under drought.
Intervention effect CML-593 membrane stability increased 93% under drought.
Intervention effect CML-593 photosynthetic rate increased 69% under drought.
Intervention effect CML-593 stomatal conductance increased 78% under drought.
Intervention effect CML-593 transpiration rate increased 82% under drought.
Intervention effect Drought increased CML-593 intercellular CO₂ by 15%.
Intervention effect Drought increased CML-593 malondialdehyde content by 4%.
Intervention effect Drought decreased CML-593 total soluble sugar by 17%.
Method / resource Integrated physiological and biochemical parameters identified CML-593 as most drought tolerant.
Recommendation CML-593 was considered a promising donor for breeding.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Moderate drought decreased stomatal conductance in the sensitive maize genotype.

Taxon: maize (Zea mays L.)Zea mayse0
Material: sensitive genotypee1
Treatment: moderate drought conditionse0
Outcome: stomatal conductancee1
Direction: decreasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“two maize (Zea mays L.) genotypes with contrasting sensitivity to dehydration were subjected to moderate drought conditions”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 119–242

e1
“revealed a decreased stomatal conductance accompanied by a slighter decrease in the relative water content in the sensitive genotype”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 302–434

Title

The Physiology and Proteomics of Drought Tolerance in Maize: Early Stomatal Closure as a Cause of Lower Tolerance to Short-Term Dehydration?

Monika Benešová; Dana Holá; Lukáš Fischer; et al. PLoS ONE 2012. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0038017

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Drought significantly increased malondialdehyde in Denghai 605 seedlings.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse2
Material: Denghai 605e2
Treatment: Droughte1
Outcome: malondialdehydee1
Direction: increasede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Drought induced a significant decrease of relative water content and osmotic potential of leaves, length and volume of roots, and total dry weight, but significantly increased malondialdehyde in DH seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 328–535

e2
“Comparative physiological and proteomic analyses were conducted in the leaves of drought-tolerant Liyu 35 (LY) and drought-sensitive Denghai 605 (DH) maize genotype seedlings”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–326

Title

Physiology and proteomics of two maize genotypes with different drought resistance

Y.H. LI; J.Y. CUI; Q. ZHAO; et al. Biologia Plantarum 2019. doi:10.32615/bp.2019.085

Other claims from this paper (9)

“decrease in relative water content”

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