Abstract
Drought is one of the main environmental stress factors affecting plant growth and yield. The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated. The activity of the photosynthetic apparatus was assessed using chlorophyll fluorescence (PAM and JIP test) and photooxidation of P700. The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS, as the impact was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level. The PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) in sorghum was inhibited after the application of all studied drought levels, while in maize, it was registered only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%). Enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) and activation of the state transition under drought were also observed in maize, while in sorghum, an increase mainly in nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO). A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment. The experimental results showed better drought tolerance of maize than sorghum. This study provides new information about the role of regulated energy losses and state transition for the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus under drought and might be a practical approach to the determination of the drought tolerance of plants.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency decreased photochemical quenching (qP) in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)
Sorghum bicolor
Zea mayse0 - Treatment
- water deficiencye2
- Outcome
- photochemical quenching (qP)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e2“The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency decreased the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo) in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- water deficiencye2
- Outcome
- the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e2“The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency decreased the effective quantum yield of PSII (ΦPSII) in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- water deficiencye2
- Outcome
- the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e2“The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency decreased the rate of electron transport (ETR) in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- water deficiencye2
- Outcome
- the rate of the electron transport (ETR)e2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e2“The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS”
Claim · model-written summary
Water deficiency decreased the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- water deficiencye2
- Outcome
- the performance indexes PItotal and PIABSe2
- Direction
- decreasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e2“The data revealed that water deficiency decreased the photochemical quenching (qP), the ratio of photochemical to nonphotochemical processes (Fv/Fo), the effective quantum yield of the photochemical energy conversion in PSII (ΦPSII), the rate of the electron transport (ETR), and the performance indexes PItotal and PIABS”
Claim · model-written summary
The impact of drought on photosynthetic performance was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“as the impact was stronger in sorghum than in maize and depended on drought level”
Claim · model-written summary
In sorghum, PSI photochemistry was inhibited after application of all studied drought levels.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) in sorghum was inhibited after the application of all studied drought levels, while in maize, it was registered only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%)”
Claim · model-written summary
In maize, PSI photochemistry was inhibited only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%).
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The PSI photochemistry (P700 photooxidation) in sorghum was inhibited after the application of all studied drought levels, while in maize, it was registered only after treatment with higher PEG concentrations (30% and 40%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) in maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) and activation of the state transition under drought were also observed in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought activated the state transition in maize.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“Enhanced regulated energy losses (ΦNPQ) and activation of the state transition under drought were also observed in maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO) increased in sorghum under PEG drought.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“while in sorghum, an increase mainly in nonregulated energy losses (ΦNO)”
Claim · model-written summary
Pigment content and relative water content decreased after PEG treatment in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- pigment content and relative water contente1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e1“A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Membrane damage increased after PEG treatment in maize and sorghum.
- Taxon
- maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn)Sorghum bicolorZea mayse0
- Treatment
- PEG treatmente1
- Outcome
- membrane damagee1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The impact of different PEG concentrations on the photosynthetic performance of maize (Zea mays L. Mayflower) and sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Foehn) was investigated”
e1“A decrease in pigment content and relative water content and an increase in membrane damage were also registered after PEG treatment”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize showed better drought tolerance than sorghum in the experiment.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“The experimental results showed better drought tolerance of maize than sorghum”
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