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“decrease in dry weight”

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cd stress changed GABA.

Taxon: Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicumt0
Organ / stage: shoots and rootse0
Treatment: Cd stresse0
Outcome: GABAe0
Direction: increasinge0
Comparator: the controle0

Verbatim

e0
“The results showed that Cd stress caused a significant decrease in dry weight, content of GSH, ASA, significently increasing the activity of GR, APX, GST, SOD, as well as content of H 2 O 2 , MDA, proline, and GABA in shoots and roots compared to the control.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 420–679

t0
“Solanum lycopersicum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–120

Title

Silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) mediate GABA, SOD and ASA-GSH cycle to improve Cd stress tolerance in Solanum lycopersicum

Razieh Rahmatizadeh; Rashid Jamei; Mohammad Javad Arvin Scientific Reports 2024. doi:10.1038/s41598-024-72908-9

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Cd stress changed dry weight.
Intervention effect Cd stress changed content of GSH, ASA.
Intervention effect Cd stress changed activity of GR, APX, GST.
Intervention effect Cd stress changed SOD.
Intervention effect Cd stress changed content of H 2 O 2 , MDA, proline.
Intervention effect SiNPs increased shoot and root dry weight.
Intervention effect SiNPs induced antioxidant enzyme activity.
Intervention effect SiNPs increased GST and GR gene expression.
Intervention effect SiNPs increased ASA, GSH, and proline content.
Intervention effect SiNPs increased GABA content.
Mechanism SiNPs reduced H 2 O 2 through antioxidant activity.
Intervention effect SiNPs reduced MDA content.
Mechanism SiNPs stabilized cell membranes under Cd stress.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Total respiration per disc of potato callus significantly increased upon transfer

Taxon: Solanum tuberosumSolanum tuberosume0
Treatment: transfer to medium with extra mannitole5
Outcome: total respiration per disce6
Direction: increasese6

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Potato tuber ( Solanum tuberosum L. cv. Bintje) callus shows a decrease in fresh weight and an increase in dry weight upon transfer to nutrient medium supplemented with 0.3 or 0.5 M mannitol”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–190

e5
“The participation of this pathway in uninhibited respiration increases from about 10 to 90% upon transfer to medium with extra mannitol”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 814–949

e6
“Yet, total respiration per disc significantly increases due to the increased participation of the alternative pathway”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1125–1242

Title

Influence of osmotic stress on the respiration of potato tuber callus

Linus H. W. van der Plas; Marijke J. Wagner Physiologia Plantarum 1984. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3054.1984.tb04592.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Potato callus fresh weight decreased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Potato callus dry weight increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Intervention effect Osmolarity of the intracellular fluid of potato callus increased upon transfer to mannitol medium
Mechanism Mannitol is probably taken up from the medium until tissue osmolarity equals that of the medium
Intervention effect Respiration of potato callus increased upon transfer to medium with extra mannitol, especially per fresh weight
Intervention effect On a fresh weight basis, cytochrome and alternative pathway capacities did not change appreciably with extra mannitol
Intervention effect Participation of the alternative pathway in uninhibited respiration of potato callus rose from about 10% to 90% upon transfer
Association Increase in respiration is partly correlated with decrease in fresh weight upon transfer
Intervention effect Capacities of the cytochrome and alternative pathway declined per disc upon transfer
Mechanism Total respiration per disc increased due to increased participation of the alternative pathway
Intervention effect ATP production per disc was almost unchanged before and after transfer
Mechanism The alternative pathway may function as a reserve capacity in potato callus when cytochrome pathway ATP production is impaired
Intervention effect Growth of potato callus became negligible on medium with 0.5 M mannitol after osmotic adaptation
Observation Potato callus retained its viability after osmotic adaptation on 0.5 M mannitol

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Partial nodulation inhibition reduced stem carbon 14 relative to other treatments.

Taxon: SoybeansGlycine maxt0
Organ / stage: stem componente0
Treatment: partial inhibition of nodulatione1
Outcome: 14 Ce0
Direction: lesse0
Comparator: other treatmentse0

Verbatim

e0
“The stem component contained significantly less 14 C than the other treatments and was accompanied by a decrease in stem dry weight.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 843–975

t0
“Carbon‐14 Assimilate Translocation in Nodulated and Nonnodulated Soybeans1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–74

e1
“Plants with partial inhibition of nodulation (grown with 50 μg N/g sand) exhibited relatively intermediate characteristics.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 719–842

Title

Carbon‐14 Assimilate Translocation in Nodulated and Nonnodulated Soybeans¹

W. J. Russell; D. R. Johnson Crop Science 1975. doi:10.2135/cropsci1975.0011183x001500020004x

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing shade significantly improved celery growth traits including plant height, leaf area and stem diameter.

Taxon: celeryApium graveolens Dulce Groupe0
Treatment: shade levelse0
Outcome: plant height, leaflets numbere0
Direction: improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increases in the shade levels decrease air temperature, increases air humidity, and significantly improved the growth and production of the three celery varieties in terms of plant height, leaflets number except for the “Aroma” variety; increased leaf area, stem diameter, tiller number, crown diameter, total wet weight, total dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, anthocyanins, plant N (Nitrogen…” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 818–1291

Title

Growth and Total Flavonoid of Three Celery (Apium graveolens L.) Varieties in Shaded Environments in The Tropical Lowland

Galuh Yunita Sari; Sandra Arifin Aziz; Ani Kurniawati Journal of Tropical Crop Science 2022. doi:10.29244/jtcs.9.03.193-198

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Increasing shade raised leaf area, stem diameter and tiller number in celery.
Intervention effect Increasing shade raised celery crown diameter and wet and dry weight.
Intervention effect Increasing shade raised celery chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll.
Intervention effect Increasing shade raised celery anthocyanins and total flavonoids.
Observation Amigo with 50% shade had significantly higher flavonoids than Aroma.
Intervention effect Shaded Summer Green had lower flavonoids than unshaded Summer Green.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased total onion bulb yield.

Taxon: onionAllium cepae2
Treatment: reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supplye1
Outcome: total yield of bulbse1
Direction: decreasee1
Comparator: 100e1
Setting: Fallujah, Iraqe0

Verbatim

e0
“A field experiment was conducted in Fallujah, Iraq during the autumn season in 2019”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 89–172

e1
“The results show a significant decrease in plant height, number of bulbs, total chlorophyll content, dry mass, iron content in the leaves, the average weight of bulbs and total yield of bulbs by reducing irrigation levels from 100 to 50% of the water supply”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 571–828

e2
“yield of onion (Allium cepa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 277–308

Title

Response of onion growth and yield grown in soils of semi-arid regions to foliar application of iron under water stress conditions

Gar, Laith Farhan; Bader, Basem Rahem; Al-Esawi, Jabbar Shihab Eyada; et al. DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2021. doi:10.15159/jas.21.06

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased onion plant height, bulb number and total chlorophyll content.
Intervention effect Reducing irrigation from 100% to 50% of the water supply decreased onion dry mass, leaf iron content and average bulb weight.
Intervention effect Foliar spraying with iron significantly increased most of the measured onion traits.
Intervention effect The combination of 100% water supply and 100 mg L–1 iron gave the highest onion total yield, 4 332 Mg ha–1.
Intervention effect The combination of 75% of water supply and 100 mg L–1 iron gave the highest onion water use efficiency, 84.7%.
Intervention effect Iron and irrigation level interacted significantly for most measured onion traits.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

November bending on Malus rootstock gave the highest increase in fruit set, spur number, leaf area, dry matter, fruit traits, solids, carbohydrate ratio and hormones.

Taxon: Anna apple treese0
Material: Malus rootstocke0
Treatment: Bending on ﬁrst Novembere0
Outcome: highest increase of fruit set %, spurs number, leaf areae0
Direction: highest increasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Bending on ﬁrst November treatment of Anna apple trees budded on Malus rootstock and girdling old shoots on mid-March treatment of the some trees onto MM 106 rootstock signiﬁcantly gave the highest increase of fruit set %, spurs number, leaf area, dry matter %, fruit weight, volume, diameter and length, total soluble solids (TSS %) and total carbohydrates %, C/N ratio, ABA and IAA, while gave significant decrease in …” Show full quote
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 901–1388

Title

EFFECT OF BENDING AND GIRDLING SHOOTS ON GROWTH AND FRUITING OF "ANNA" APPLE TREES GRAFTED ON TWO APPLE ROOTSTOCKS

Eman Kandil,; A. Hussein; I. Saied Journal of Plant Production 2006. doi:10.21608/jpp.2006.235789

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Most bending and girdling treatments increased fruit set, spur number, and leaf area relative to control.
Intervention effect Treatments increased fruit weight, volume, diameter and length.
Intervention effect Treatments increased dry matter, soluble solids, carbohydrates, C/N ratio and hormones.
Intervention effect Treatments reduced fruit firmness, acidity and total nitrogen.
Observation March girdling on MM 106 rootstock gave the highest increases in fruiting and quality traits.
Recommendation The authors recommend November bending on Malus and March girdling on MM 106.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Cd-treated T. lemmonii had significantly shorter root length than control plants, except at 100 and 50 mg/kg.

Taxon: T. lemmoniiTagetes lemmoniie0
Treatment: Cd2+e1
Outcome: root lengthe3
Direction: decreasee3
Qualifier: p=0.005 and the number of rootlets (p=0.000) except at 100 and 50 mgkg-1e3
Comparator: control plantse2

Verbatim

e0
“T. lemmonii which belongs to the same genus was used in the current study to investigate its tolerance to cadmium”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 210–323

e1
“soil in pots was treated with 20 mgkg-1, 50 mgkg-1, 100 mgkg-1, and 200 mgkg-1 Cd2+ concentration series”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 566–670

e2
“Cadmium-treated plants, in comparison to the control plants, showed a significant increase in leaf area (p=0.000), fresh weight (p=0.000), dry weight (p=0.000)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1177–1336

e3
“a significant decrease in root length (p=0.005 and the number of rootlets (p=0.000) except at 100 and 50 mgkg-1respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1341–1464

Title

Tagetes lemmonii (Atapethiya) as a Potential Candidate for Phytoremediation of Cadmium in Soils

Wimalajeewa T.G.A.N.I.N.; Athukorala A.D.S.N.P.; Koralegedara N.H.; et al. Proceedings of International Forestry and Environment Symposium 2022. doi:10.31357/fesympo.v26.5749

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Cd-treated T. lemmonii had significantly greater leaf area than control plants.
Intervention effect Cd-treated T. lemmonii had significantly greater fresh weight than control plants.
Intervention effect Cd-treated T. lemmonii had significantly greater dry weight than control plants.
Intervention effect Cd-treated T. lemmonii had significantly fewer rootlets than control plants.
Observation Plant height of T. lemmonii under Cd2+ showed a non-significant increase.
Observation Shoot length of T. lemmonii under Cd2+ showed a non-significant increase.
Observation Number of leaves of T. lemmonii under Cd2+ showed a non-significant decrease.
Observation T. lemmonii has a significant survival ability under Cd2+ in soil.
Observation T. lemmonii is suggested to be a hyperaccumulator of Cd2+.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Under water stress, grafted eggplants had a significant increase in leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content compared with self-rooted eggplants.

Taxon: eggplantsSolanum melongenae0
Treatment: grafted eggplantse0
Outcome: leaf relative water content and chlorophyll contente0
Direction: increasee0
Qualifier: Under water stresse0
Comparator: self-rooted eggplantse0

Verbatim

e0
“Under water stress,as compared with those of self-rooted eggplants,the plant height and stem diameter,the fresh weight and dry weight of aboveground parts and roots,and the leaf relative water content and chlorophyll content of grafted eggplants all had a significant increase,while the leaf relative conductivity and MDA had a significant decrease.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 577–926

Title

Effects of grafting on the growth,physiology,and biochemistry of eggplants under water stress

Zhou Baoli; Meng Zhao-hua; Juan Li; et al. Shengtaixue zazhi 2012

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Water stress severely restricted growth of grafted and self-rooted eggplants.
Intervention effect Grafted and self-rooted eggplants had no obvious growth difference under CK.
Intervention effect Growth differed significantly between grafted and self-rooted eggplants under light and severe water stress.
Intervention effect Under water stress, grafted eggplants had a significant increase in plant height and stem diameter compared with self-rooted eggplants.
Intervention effect Under water stress, grafted eggplants had a significant increase in fresh weight and dry weight of aboveground parts and roots compared with self-rooted eggplants.
Intervention effect Under water stress, grafted eggplants had a significant decrease in leaf relative conductivity and MDA compared with self-rooted eggplants.
Intervention effect Grafting significantly increased leaf soluble sugar and proline contents.
Association Differences in leaf SOD and POD activities between grafted and self-rooted eggplants grew with more and longer water stress.
Recommendation The authors suggest grafting to improve eggplant growth and adaptation to moderate drought.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing the Zn level decreased relative growth rate (RGR) by 7.7%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Increasing the Zn levele1
Outcome: RGRe1
Direction: decreasee1
Value: 7.7e1
Qualifier: 20 mM cadmium in all the treatmentse2
Setting: soilless systeme0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–77

e0
“a greenhouse experiment was conducted in a soilless system”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 164–222

e1
“Increasing the Zn level caused 7.7, 7.7, 3.3, 4 and 31.3% decrease in RGR, RLGR, LWR, LWCA and sugar content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 695–803

e2
“The base solution (Hoagland solution) contained 20 mM cadmium in all the treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–523

e3
“The results showed that Zn treatments had significant effect on some growth indices including RGR, RLGR, LWR, LWCA, dry weight of aerial parts and soluble sugar content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 525–693

Title

Effect of potassium and zinc on growth and physiological parameters of tomato under cadmium stress in soilless system

Zahra Ghasemi; Ali Shahabi Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture -Isfahan University of Technology 2011

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased relative leaf growth rate (RLGR) by 7.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased leaf weight ratio (LWR) by 3.3%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased leaf weight callus area (LWCA) by 4%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased soluble sugar content by 31.3%.
Intervention effect Zn treatments had a significant effect on dry weight of aerial parts of tomato.
Intervention effect K treatments had significant effects on LWCA, NAR and root fresh weight of tomato.
Intervention effect K application increased leaf area ratio (LAR) by 7.7%.
Intervention effect K application increased specific leaf area (SLA) by 15.3%.
Intervention effect K application increased leaf weight ratio (LWR) by 6.9%.
Intervention effect Co-existence of Zn and Cd reduced crop growth of tomato; Zn had a synergistic effect with Cd.
Intervention effect K application had an antagonistic effect with Cd in tomato.
Observation The interaction of K and Zn was not significantly effective on the measured parameters of tomato.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing the Zn level decreased soluble sugar content by 31.3%.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: Increasing the Zn levele1
Outcome: sugar contente1
Direction: decreasee1
Value: 31.3%e1
Qualifier: 20 mM cadmium in all the treatmentse2
Setting: soilless systeme0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 71–77

e0
“a greenhouse experiment was conducted in a soilless system”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 164–222

e1
“Increasing the Zn level caused 7.7, 7.7, 3.3, 4 and 31.3% decrease in RGR, RLGR, LWR, LWCA and sugar content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 695–803

e2
“The base solution (Hoagland solution) contained 20 mM cadmium in all the treatments”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–523

e3
“The results showed that Zn treatments had significant effect on some growth indices including RGR, RLGR, LWR, LWCA, dry weight of aerial parts and soluble sugar content”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 525–693

Title

Effect of potassium and zinc on growth and physiological parameters of tomato under cadmium stress in soilless system

Zahra Ghasemi; Ali Shahabi Journal of Science and Technology of Greenhouse Culture -Isfahan University of Technology 2011

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased relative growth rate (RGR) by 7.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased relative leaf growth rate (RLGR) by 7.7%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased leaf weight ratio (LWR) by 3.3%.
Intervention effect Increasing the Zn level decreased leaf weight callus area (LWCA) by 4%.
Intervention effect Zn treatments had a significant effect on dry weight of aerial parts of tomato.
Intervention effect K treatments had significant effects on LWCA, NAR and root fresh weight of tomato.
Intervention effect K application increased leaf area ratio (LAR) by 7.7%.
Intervention effect K application increased specific leaf area (SLA) by 15.3%.
Intervention effect K application increased leaf weight ratio (LWR) by 6.9%.
Intervention effect Co-existence of Zn and Cd reduced crop growth of tomato; Zn had a synergistic effect with Cd.
Intervention effect K application had an antagonistic effect with Cd in tomato.
Observation The interaction of K and Zn was not significantly effective on the measured parameters of tomato.

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“decrease in dry weight”

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