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“PBY”

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Direction of the findings

plus 4 non-evaluative

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2020

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

PBY decreased irrigation ratio by 3.32%.

Taxon: oat (Avena sativa L.)Avena sativat0
Treatment: PBYe7
Outcome: irrigation ratione7
Direction: decreasede7
Value: 3.32%e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 115–136

e7
“it significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64% (PBY) and 2.13% (PBN) and decreased irrigation ration by 3.32% (PBY) and 5.28% (PBN) on average in two years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–1989

Title

Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on yield and water productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) under drip irrigation in Inner Mongolia, China

Lu Tian; Jing-hui Liu; Sheng Zhang; et al. Scientific Reports 2022. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15418-w

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased irrigation volumes by 4.5–18.4 mm compared with PA.
Intervention effect PB had lower irrigation volumes than PC.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased grain yield compared with PA by 16.65% on average in two years.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased above-ground biomass compared with PA by 7.31% on average in two years.
Mechanism The increase in grain yield under PB is attributed to more pike number and kernel number per spike.
Intervention effect Without super absorbent polymers, PB had no significant effect on grain yield or above-ground biomass.
Intervention effect PBY significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64%.
Intervention effect PBN significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.13%.
Intervention effect PBN decreased irrigation ratio by 5.28%.
Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased total evapotranspiration.
Intervention effect PB increased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect PC decreased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect The WUE of PBY increased by 19.70%.
Intervention effect The WUE of PBN increased by 9.87%.
Intervention effect PB had the highest economic benefits among all treatments.
Recommendation A drip irrigation oat planting pattern with 15 cm row spacing, 8-row strip planting, 30 cm belt spacing and 22.5 kg ha −2 super absorbent polymer is proposed.
Recommendation The proposed oat planting pattern is a viable strategy to improve oat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

PBY significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64%.

Taxon: oat (Avena sativa L.)Avena sativat0
Treatment: PBYe7
Outcome: precipitation ratioe7
Direction: increasede7
Value: 2.64%e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 115–136

e7
“it significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64% (PBY) and 2.13% (PBN) and decreased irrigation ration by 3.32% (PBY) and 5.28% (PBN) on average in two years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–1989

Title

Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on yield and water productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) under drip irrigation in Inner Mongolia, China

Lu Tian; Jing-hui Liu; Sheng Zhang; et al. Scientific Reports 2022. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15418-w

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased irrigation volumes by 4.5–18.4 mm compared with PA.
Intervention effect PB had lower irrigation volumes than PC.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased grain yield compared with PA by 16.65% on average in two years.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased above-ground biomass compared with PA by 7.31% on average in two years.
Mechanism The increase in grain yield under PB is attributed to more pike number and kernel number per spike.
Intervention effect Without super absorbent polymers, PB had no significant effect on grain yield or above-ground biomass.
Intervention effect PBN significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.13%.
Intervention effect PBY decreased irrigation ratio by 3.32%.
Intervention effect PBN decreased irrigation ratio by 5.28%.
Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased total evapotranspiration.
Intervention effect PB increased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect PC decreased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect The WUE of PBY increased by 19.70%.
Intervention effect The WUE of PBN increased by 9.87%.
Intervention effect PB had the highest economic benefits among all treatments.
Recommendation A drip irrigation oat planting pattern with 15 cm row spacing, 8-row strip planting, 30 cm belt spacing and 22.5 kg ha −2 super absorbent polymer is proposed.
Recommendation The proposed oat planting pattern is a viable strategy to improve oat productivity.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The WUE of PBY increased by 19.70%.

Taxon: oat (Avena sativa L.)Avena sativat0
Treatment: PBYe6
Outcome: WUEe6
Direction: increasede6
Value: 19.70%e6

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 115–136

e6
“The WUE of PB increased by 19.70% (PBY) and 9.87% (PBN) on average in two years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2097–2176

Title

Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on yield and water productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) under drip irrigation in Inner Mongolia, China

Lu Tian; Jing-hui Liu; Sheng Zhang; et al. Scientific Reports 2022. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15418-w

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased irrigation volumes by 4.5–18.4 mm compared with PA.
Intervention effect PB had lower irrigation volumes than PC.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased grain yield compared with PA by 16.65% on average in two years.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased above-ground biomass compared with PA by 7.31% on average in two years.
Mechanism The increase in grain yield under PB is attributed to more pike number and kernel number per spike.
Intervention effect Without super absorbent polymers, PB had no significant effect on grain yield or above-ground biomass.
Intervention effect PBY significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64%.
Intervention effect PBN significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.13%.
Intervention effect PBY decreased irrigation ratio by 3.32%.
Intervention effect PBN decreased irrigation ratio by 5.28%.
Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased total evapotranspiration.
Intervention effect PB increased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect PC decreased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect The WUE of PBN increased by 9.87%.
Intervention effect PB had the highest economic benefits among all treatments.
Recommendation A drip irrigation oat planting pattern with 15 cm row spacing, 8-row strip planting, 30 cm belt spacing and 22.5 kg ha −2 super absorbent polymer is proposed.
Recommendation The proposed oat planting pattern is a viable strategy to improve oat productivity.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

All rotations trended upward in protein-based yield over time.

Taxon: rotationse0
Outcome: PBYe0
Direction: increasee0

Not reportedSetting

Verbatim

e0
“all rotations showed an increase trend in PBY over time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1099–1154

Title

Precipitation and nitrogen management are key drivers of cropping system productivity in the Canadian prairies

Guoqi Wen; Kui Liu; Hiroshi Kubota; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2024. doi:10.1139/cjps-2024-0114

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Market-driven rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Diversified rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Soil-health rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect High-risk rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect Diversified rotations increased protein-based yield 13%–28% faster than Market-driven and Intensified rotations.
Association Precipitation explained 25% of yield variation.
Association Nitrogen management explained 21% of yield variation.
Mechanism Precipitation had significant indirect and direct effects on yield, with the indirect effect mediated by pulse-crop biological nitrogen fixation.
Intervention effect Increasing pulse frequency mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Intervention effect Increasing rotation complexity mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating pulse crops to enhance nitrogen management and reduce yield loss in low precipitation regions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Diversified rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.

Taxon: Diversifiede0
Treatment: Diversifiede0
Outcome: PBYe0
Direction: outperformede0
Value: 2%–6%e0
Comparator: Controle0

Verbatim

e0
“Market-driven and Diversified rotations outperformed the Control by 2%–6% in PBY”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 920–1000

Title

Precipitation and nitrogen management are key drivers of cropping system productivity in the Canadian prairies

Guoqi Wen; Kui Liu; Hiroshi Kubota; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2024. doi:10.1139/cjps-2024-0114

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Market-driven rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Soil-health rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect High-risk rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Association All rotations trended upward in protein-based yield over time.
Intervention effect Diversified rotations increased protein-based yield 13%–28% faster than Market-driven and Intensified rotations.
Association Precipitation explained 25% of yield variation.
Association Nitrogen management explained 21% of yield variation.
Mechanism Precipitation had significant indirect and direct effects on yield, with the indirect effect mediated by pulse-crop biological nitrogen fixation.
Intervention effect Increasing pulse frequency mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Intervention effect Increasing rotation complexity mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating pulse crops to enhance nitrogen management and reduce yield loss in low precipitation regions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Market-driven rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.

Taxon: Market-drivene0
Treatment: Market-drivene0
Outcome: PBYe0
Direction: outperformede0
Value: 2%–6%e0
Comparator: Controle0

Verbatim

e0
“Market-driven and Diversified rotations outperformed the Control by 2%–6% in PBY”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 920–1000

Title

Precipitation and nitrogen management are key drivers of cropping system productivity in the Canadian prairies

Guoqi Wen; Kui Liu; Hiroshi Kubota; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2024. doi:10.1139/cjps-2024-0114

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Diversified rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Soil-health rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect High-risk rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Association All rotations trended upward in protein-based yield over time.
Intervention effect Diversified rotations increased protein-based yield 13%–28% faster than Market-driven and Intensified rotations.
Association Precipitation explained 25% of yield variation.
Association Nitrogen management explained 21% of yield variation.
Mechanism Precipitation had significant indirect and direct effects on yield, with the indirect effect mediated by pulse-crop biological nitrogen fixation.
Intervention effect Increasing pulse frequency mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Intervention effect Increasing rotation complexity mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating pulse crops to enhance nitrogen management and reduce yield loss in low precipitation regions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing pulse frequency mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.

Taxon: pulsee0
Treatment: Increasing pulse frequencye0
Outcome: PBY losse0
Direction: mitigatede0
Value: 10%–24%e0
Qualifier: low rainfall seasonse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increasing pulse frequency and rotation complexity mitigated PBY loss by 10%–24% during low rainfall seasons”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1625–1733

Title

Precipitation and nitrogen management are key drivers of cropping system productivity in the Canadian prairies

Guoqi Wen; Kui Liu; Hiroshi Kubota; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2024. doi:10.1139/cjps-2024-0114

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Market-driven rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Diversified rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Soil-health rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect High-risk rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Association All rotations trended upward in protein-based yield over time.
Intervention effect Diversified rotations increased protein-based yield 13%–28% faster than Market-driven and Intensified rotations.
Association Precipitation explained 25% of yield variation.
Association Nitrogen management explained 21% of yield variation.
Mechanism Precipitation had significant indirect and direct effects on yield, with the indirect effect mediated by pulse-crop biological nitrogen fixation.
Intervention effect Increasing rotation complexity mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating pulse crops to enhance nitrogen management and reduce yield loss in low precipitation regions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing rotation complexity mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.

Taxon: rotatione0
Treatment: Increasing pulse frequency and rotation complexitye0
Outcome: PBY losse0
Direction: mitigatede0
Value: 10%–24%e0
Qualifier: low rainfall seasonse0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Increasing pulse frequency and rotation complexity mitigated PBY loss by 10%–24% during low rainfall seasons”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1625–1733

Title

Precipitation and nitrogen management are key drivers of cropping system productivity in the Canadian prairies

Guoqi Wen; Kui Liu; Hiroshi Kubota; et al. Canadian Journal of Plant Science 2024. doi:10.1139/cjps-2024-0114

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Market-driven rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Diversified rotation increased protein-based yield by 2%–6% versus Control.
Intervention effect Soil-health rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Intervention effect High-risk rotation yielded 23%–26% less than Control.
Association All rotations trended upward in protein-based yield over time.
Intervention effect Diversified rotations increased protein-based yield 13%–28% faster than Market-driven and Intensified rotations.
Association Precipitation explained 25% of yield variation.
Association Nitrogen management explained 21% of yield variation.
Mechanism Precipitation had significant indirect and direct effects on yield, with the indirect effect mediated by pulse-crop biological nitrogen fixation.
Intervention effect Increasing pulse frequency mitigated protein-based yield loss by 10%–24% in low rainfall seasons.
Recommendation The authors recommend integrating pulse crops to enhance nitrogen management and reduce yield loss in low precipitation regions.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

PBN decreased irrigation ratio by 5.28%.

Taxon: oat (Avena sativa L.)Avena sativat0
Treatment: PBNe7
Outcome: irrigation ratione7
Direction: decreasede7
Value: 5.28%e7

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“oat (Avena sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 115–136

e7
“it significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64% (PBY) and 2.13% (PBN) and decreased irrigation ration by 3.32% (PBY) and 5.28% (PBN) on average in two years”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1821–1989

Title

Effects of strip cropping with reducing row spacing and super absorbent polymer on yield and water productivity of oat (Avena sativa L.) under drip irrigation in Inner Mongolia, China

Lu Tian; Jing-hui Liu; Sheng Zhang; et al. Scientific Reports 2022. doi:10.1038/s41598-022-15418-w

Other claims from this paper (17)

Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased irrigation volumes by 4.5–18.4 mm compared with PA.
Intervention effect PB had lower irrigation volumes than PC.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased grain yield compared with PA by 16.65% on average in two years.
Intervention effect With super absorbent polymers, PB significantly increased above-ground biomass compared with PA by 7.31% on average in two years.
Mechanism The increase in grain yield under PB is attributed to more pike number and kernel number per spike.
Intervention effect Without super absorbent polymers, PB had no significant effect on grain yield or above-ground biomass.
Intervention effect PBY significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.64%.
Intervention effect PBN significantly increased the precipitation ratio by 2.13%.
Intervention effect PBY decreased irrigation ratio by 3.32%.
Intervention effect PB and PC both decreased total evapotranspiration.
Intervention effect PB increased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect PC decreased water use efficiency (WUE).
Intervention effect The WUE of PBY increased by 19.70%.
Intervention effect The WUE of PBN increased by 9.87%.
Intervention effect PB had the highest economic benefits among all treatments.
Recommendation A drip irrigation oat planting pattern with 15 cm row spacing, 8-row strip planting, 30 cm belt spacing and 22.5 kg ha −2 super absorbent polymer is proposed.
Recommendation The proposed oat planting pattern is a viable strategy to improve oat productivity.

Associationobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potential leaf biomass yield varied substantially by species and plant form.

Taxon: indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubst0
Material: trees, shrubs, and fruits/podse0
Outcome: PBYe0
Direction: variatione0
Qualifier: both agroecosystemse0

Verbatim

e0
“PBY, CH4 emission, OMD, and ME of ILFTS revealed substantial variation ( P < .05) with species and among trees, shrubs, and fruits/pods in both agroecosystems”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1244–1402

t0
“indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 13–53

Title

Potential of indigenous legume fodder tree and shrubs to animal feed and mitigation of methane emission in the semi‐humid condition of southern Ethiopia

Getachew Abraham; Yisehak Kechero; Dereje Andualem Legume Science 2023. doi:10.1002/leg3.200

Other claims from this paper (13)

Association Dry matter and carbohydrate varied substantially among trees, shrubs and fruits or pods in lowlands.
Association Fruits and pods differed significantly in gas production in lowlands.
Association Trees differed significantly in gas production in lowlands.
Association Shrubs had no substantial variation in gas production in lowlands.
Association Methane emission varied substantially by species and plant form.
Association Organic matter digestibility varied substantially by species and plant form.
Association Metabolizable energy varied substantially by species and plant form.
Association Methane production correlated positively with gas volume and b.
Association Gas production measures at 6 and 24 hours correlated positively.
Observation The fodder plants yielded considerable nutrient-rich biomass.
Association Carbohydrate degradability differed with plant form, species and forage origin.
Observation In vitro fermentation differed in gas production and methane emission.
Observation In vitro fermentation differed in digestibility, metabolizable energy and short-chain fatty acids.

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“PBY”

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