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“bioaccumulation factor (BF)”

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plus 44 non-evaluative

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2000 ’10 ’20

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Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Arundo bioaccumulation factor in hydroponics exceeded 1.

Taxon: Arundo donaxArundo donaxt0
Outcome: Bioaccumulation Factor (BF)e0
Direction: greater thane0
Value: 1e0
Setting: hydroponicse0

Verbatim

e0
“Both Bioaccumulation Factor (BF) and TF values for hydroponics were greater than 1.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 804–887

t0
“Arundo donax”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–39

Title

Cadmium Phytoremediation byArundo donaxL. from Contaminated Soil and Water

Maria Sabeen; Qaisar Mahmood; Muhammad Irshad; et al. BioMed Research International 2013. doi:10.1155/2013/324830

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Arundo roots contained a maximum of 300 μg g(-1) cadmium in hydroponics versus 230 μg g(-1) in soil.
Observation Arundo stem cadmium reached 262 μg g(-1) at 750 μg L(-1) supplied Cd in hydroponics.
Observation Arundo stem cadmium was 191.2 μg g(-1) in soil at 1000 supplied Cd.
Observation Maximum Arundo leaf Cd concentration in hydroponics was 187 μg g(-1).
Observation Arundo had relatively low cadmium uptake in soil.
Observation Arundo translocation factor was low in soil.
Observation Arundo translocation factor in hydroponics exceeded 1.
Association Time and increasing Cd concentrations affected antioxidant production in Arundo.
Observation The authors judged Arundo more promising for aquatic Cd remediation.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest bioaccumulation factor was 3.83 ± 0.4.

Taxon: Vigna radiataVigna radiatat0
Outcome: Bioaccumulation Factor (BF)e0
Value: 3.83 ± 0.4e0

Verbatim

e0
“Bioaccumulation Factor (BF) (3.83 ± 0.4)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 899–939

t0
“Vigna radiata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 42–55

Title

Heavy metal phytoremediation potential of Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek for use in contaminated regions of West Karun River, Iran

Sara Rahdarian; Sakineh Mashjoor; Abidina Abba; et al. Journal of Agriculture and Food Research 2022. doi:10.1016/j.jafr.2022.100373

Other claims from this paper (8)

Observation At low river-water cadmium, shoot bioaccumulation efficiency was 57%.
Observation At low river-water cadmium, root bioaccumulation efficiency was 21%.
Observation The highest transfer coefficient was 2.80 ± 0.5.
Observation The highest translocation factor was 2.78 ± 0.7.
Observation At 50–100 mg/L Cd, shoot phytoremediation was only 2.47%.
Observation At 50–100 mg/L Cd, root phytoremediation was only 4.21%.
Association Cadmium uptake was antagonistically related to accessible iron, zinc and copper uptake.
Recommendation Authors consider V. radiata a candidate for remediation and food production in cadmium-polluted settings.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Salinity significantly lowered bioaccumulation factors for all four metals.

Taxon: Kosteletzkya pentacarposKosteletzkya pentacarpost0
Treatment: Salinitye0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metalse0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity significantly decreased the bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metals”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1164

e1
“Salinity significantly decreased the bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metals”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1164

t0
“Kosteletzkya pentacarpos”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 55–79

Title

Effect of NaCl and EDDS on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Kosteletzkya pentacarpos in Polymetallic Polluted Soil

Mingxi Zhou; Zahar Kiamarsi; Ruiming Han; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12081656

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect NaCl reduced arsenic and cadmium bioavailability in polluted soil.
Intervention effect EDDS increased arsenic and zinc bioavailability in polluted soil.
Intervention effect Polymetallic pollutants inhibited plant growth and reproduction.
Intervention effect NaCl and EDDS did not significantly improve plant growth or reproduction.
Intervention effect NaCl reduced root accumulation of heavy metals other than arsenic.
Intervention effect EDDS increased accumulation of all heavy metals.
Intervention effect NaCl reduced arsenic accumulation in the main stem and lateral branch.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased cadmium in main stem leaves.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased zinc in lateral branch leaves.
Intervention effect EDDS increased all four heavy metals in lateral branches.
Intervention effect EDDS increased arsenic and cadmium in main stem and lateral branch leaves.
Intervention effect EDDS significantly increased bioaccumulation factors for all four metals.
Intervention effect NaCl increased the translocation factor for cadmium with or without EDDS.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased the translocation factor for arsenic and lead with or without EDDS.
Intervention effect With NaCl, EDDS reduced accumulation of all heavy metals except zinc.
Intervention effect Polymetallic pollutants modified cell wall constituents.
Intervention effect NaCl increased cellulose content in main stem and lateral branch.
Intervention effect EDDS had little impact on cellulose content.
Recommendation The authors propose K. pentacarpos for phytoremediation in saline environments.

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Bioaccumulation and translocation factors were below 1.0.

Taxon: Vigna speciesVignat0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF)e0
Direction: less thane0
Value: 1.0e0

Verbatim

e0
“both bioaccumulation factor (BF) and translocation factor (TF) were less than 1.0”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 826–907

t0
“Vigna species”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 123–136

Title

Alteration of macronutrients, metal translocation and bioaccumulation as potential indicators of nickel tolerance in three Vigna species

Shabnam Ishtiaq; Seema Mahmood; Mohammad Athar Advances in environmental research 2014. doi:10.12989/aer.2014.3.1.071

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Nickel inhibited distribution of several macronutrients.
Observation Magnesium content of shoots and leaves was an exception to nutrient inhibition.
Observation All species retained more calcium in roots than aerial tissues.
Intervention effect Nickel caused a drastic decline in yield and most yield attributes.
Observation Hundred seed weight was an exception to the nickel-related yield decline.
Association Nickel accumulation and toxicity increased with concentration.
Observation Nickel content ranked roots above shoots, leaves and seeds.
Observation Nickel tolerance ranked V. radiata highest.
Mechanism The authors attribute V. radiata tolerance to nutrient uptake, root calcium, restricted nickel transfer and root exclusion.
Recommendation The authors propose V. radiata for remediating nickel contaminated soil.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Treatment 5 had the highest bioaccumulation factor, followed by treatment 4.

Taxon: ryegrassLoliume1
Treatment: treatment 5e0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor (BF)e0
Direction: higheste0
Comparator: treatment 4e0

Verbatim

e0
“The bioaccumulation factor (BF) and phytoextraction ratio (PR) were highest for plants in treatment 5 followed by plants in treatment 4”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 904–1039

e1
“lead (Pb) phytoextraction by ryegrass (Lolium perenne)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 114–168

Title

Chemically Enhanced Phytoextraction of Lead-Contaminated Soils

V. Ryan Perry; Eirik J. Krogstad; Hanan El-Mayas; et al. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2012. doi:10.1080/15226514.2011.619236

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Combined benomyl and EDTA gave the highest foliage Pb concentrations.
Intervention effect Combined treatments 4 and 5 gave the lowest foliage dry biomass.
Intervention effect Treatment 5 had the highest phytoextraction ratio, followed by treatment 4.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest ramie Cd bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 2.07.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveat0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor(BF)e0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 2.07e0
Qualifier: Cde0

Verbatim

t0
“ramie (Boehmeria nivea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–73

e0
“Among these samples,the highest bioaccumulation factor(BF) and transfer factor(TF) of Cd were 2.07 and 3,those of Pb were 0.56 and 6.01,those of As were 1.04 and 12.42,those of Sb were 1.91 and 9.04,those of Zn were 0.19 and 1.40,and those of Cu were 0.06 and 0.98 respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2473–2751

Title

Heavy metal concentrations and bioaccumulation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) growing on 3 mining areas in Shimen,Lengshuijiang and Liuyang of Hunan Province

Dong Wang 2011

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Ramie communities were prosperous in the investigated mining areas.
Observation Cd concentration in ramie shoot was 2-10 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation As concentration in ramie shoot was 9.9-147.5 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration in ramie shoot was 1.2-338 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Pb, Zn and Cu concentrations in ramie shoots were not higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation As concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation Other heavy metal elements had no regular distribution among plant parts.
Observation The highest ramie Cd transfer factor(TF) was 3.
Observation The highest ramie Pb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 0.56.
Observation The highest ramie Pb transfer factor(TF) was 6.01.
Observation The highest ramie As bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.04.
Observation The highest ramie As transfer factor(TF) was 12.42.
Observation The highest ramie Sb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.91.
Observation The highest ramie Sb transfer factor(TF) was 9.04.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Shimen reached 3.47.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Lengshuijiang reached 14.3.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Liuyang reached 15.7 t/hm2.
Recommendation Ramie was recommended as a candidate for phytoremediation of mining areas contaminated by multiple heavy metals.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest ramie Pb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 0.56.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveat0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor(BF)e0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 0.56e0
Qualifier: Pbe0

Verbatim

t0
“ramie (Boehmeria nivea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–73

e0
“Among these samples,the highest bioaccumulation factor(BF) and transfer factor(TF) of Cd were 2.07 and 3,those of Pb were 0.56 and 6.01,those of As were 1.04 and 12.42,those of Sb were 1.91 and 9.04,those of Zn were 0.19 and 1.40,and those of Cu were 0.06 and 0.98 respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2473–2751

Title

Heavy metal concentrations and bioaccumulation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) growing on 3 mining areas in Shimen,Lengshuijiang and Liuyang of Hunan Province

Dong Wang 2011

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Ramie communities were prosperous in the investigated mining areas.
Observation Cd concentration in ramie shoot was 2-10 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation As concentration in ramie shoot was 9.9-147.5 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration in ramie shoot was 1.2-338 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Pb, Zn and Cu concentrations in ramie shoots were not higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation As concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation Other heavy metal elements had no regular distribution among plant parts.
Observation The highest ramie Cd bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 2.07.
Observation The highest ramie Cd transfer factor(TF) was 3.
Observation The highest ramie Pb transfer factor(TF) was 6.01.
Observation The highest ramie As bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.04.
Observation The highest ramie As transfer factor(TF) was 12.42.
Observation The highest ramie Sb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.91.
Observation The highest ramie Sb transfer factor(TF) was 9.04.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Shimen reached 3.47.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Lengshuijiang reached 14.3.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Liuyang reached 15.7 t/hm2.
Recommendation Ramie was recommended as a candidate for phytoremediation of mining areas contaminated by multiple heavy metals.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest ramie As bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.04.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveat0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor(BF)e0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 1.04e0
Qualifier: Ase0

Verbatim

t0
“ramie (Boehmeria nivea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–73

e0
“Among these samples,the highest bioaccumulation factor(BF) and transfer factor(TF) of Cd were 2.07 and 3,those of Pb were 0.56 and 6.01,those of As were 1.04 and 12.42,those of Sb were 1.91 and 9.04,those of Zn were 0.19 and 1.40,and those of Cu were 0.06 and 0.98 respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2473–2751

Title

Heavy metal concentrations and bioaccumulation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) growing on 3 mining areas in Shimen,Lengshuijiang and Liuyang of Hunan Province

Dong Wang 2011

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Ramie communities were prosperous in the investigated mining areas.
Observation Cd concentration in ramie shoot was 2-10 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation As concentration in ramie shoot was 9.9-147.5 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration in ramie shoot was 1.2-338 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Pb, Zn and Cu concentrations in ramie shoots were not higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation As concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation Other heavy metal elements had no regular distribution among plant parts.
Observation The highest ramie Cd bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 2.07.
Observation The highest ramie Cd transfer factor(TF) was 3.
Observation The highest ramie Pb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 0.56.
Observation The highest ramie Pb transfer factor(TF) was 6.01.
Observation The highest ramie As transfer factor(TF) was 12.42.
Observation The highest ramie Sb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.91.
Observation The highest ramie Sb transfer factor(TF) was 9.04.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Shimen reached 3.47.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Lengshuijiang reached 14.3.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Liuyang reached 15.7 t/hm2.
Recommendation Ramie was recommended as a candidate for phytoremediation of mining areas contaminated by multiple heavy metals.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The highest ramie Sb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.91.

Taxon: ramieBoehmeria niveat0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor(BF)e0
Direction: higheste0
Value: 1.91e0
Qualifier: Sbe0

Verbatim

t0
“ramie (Boehmeria nivea)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–73

e0
“Among these samples,the highest bioaccumulation factor(BF) and transfer factor(TF) of Cd were 2.07 and 3,those of Pb were 0.56 and 6.01,those of As were 1.04 and 12.42,those of Sb were 1.91 and 9.04,those of Zn were 0.19 and 1.40,and those of Cu were 0.06 and 0.98 respectively.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2473–2751

Title

Heavy metal concentrations and bioaccumulation of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) growing on 3 mining areas in Shimen,Lengshuijiang and Liuyang of Hunan Province

Dong Wang 2011

Other claims from this paper (19)

Observation Ramie communities were prosperous in the investigated mining areas.
Observation Cd concentration in ramie shoot was 2-10 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation As concentration in ramie shoot was 9.9-147.5 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration in ramie shoot was 1.2-338 times higher than in other plant species.
Observation Pb, Zn and Cu concentrations in ramie shoots were not higher than in other plant species.
Observation Sb concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation As concentration was higher in ramie leaves than roots and stems.
Observation Other heavy metal elements had no regular distribution among plant parts.
Observation The highest ramie Cd bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 2.07.
Observation The highest ramie Cd transfer factor(TF) was 3.
Observation The highest ramie Pb bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 0.56.
Observation The highest ramie Pb transfer factor(TF) was 6.01.
Observation The highest ramie As bioaccumulation factor(BF) was 1.04.
Observation The highest ramie As transfer factor(TF) was 12.42.
Observation The highest ramie Sb transfer factor(TF) was 9.04.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Shimen reached 3.47.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Lengshuijiang reached 14.3.
Observation Ramie shoot biomass at Liuyang reached 15.7 t/hm2.
Recommendation Ramie was recommended as a candidate for phytoremediation of mining areas contaminated by multiple heavy metals.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

EDDS significantly increased bioaccumulation factors for all four metals.

Taxon: Kosteletzkya pentacarposKosteletzkya pentacarpost0
Treatment: EDDSe0
Outcome: bioaccumulation factor (BF)e0
Direction: increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Salinity significantly decreased the bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metals, while EDDS significantly increased it”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1203

e1
“Salinity significantly decreased the bioaccumulation factor (BF) of all four heavy metals, while EDDS significantly increased it”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1075–1203

t0
“Kosteletzkya pentacarpos”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 55–79

Title

Effect of NaCl and EDDS on Heavy Metal Accumulation in Kosteletzkya pentacarpos in Polymetallic Polluted Soil

Mingxi Zhou; Zahar Kiamarsi; Ruiming Han; et al. Plants 2023. doi:10.3390/plants12081656

Other claims from this paper (19)

Intervention effect NaCl reduced arsenic and cadmium bioavailability in polluted soil.
Intervention effect EDDS increased arsenic and zinc bioavailability in polluted soil.
Intervention effect Polymetallic pollutants inhibited plant growth and reproduction.
Intervention effect NaCl and EDDS did not significantly improve plant growth or reproduction.
Intervention effect NaCl reduced root accumulation of heavy metals other than arsenic.
Intervention effect EDDS increased accumulation of all heavy metals.
Intervention effect NaCl reduced arsenic accumulation in the main stem and lateral branch.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased cadmium in main stem leaves.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased zinc in lateral branch leaves.
Intervention effect EDDS increased all four heavy metals in lateral branches.
Intervention effect EDDS increased arsenic and cadmium in main stem and lateral branch leaves.
Intervention effect Salinity significantly lowered bioaccumulation factors for all four metals.
Intervention effect NaCl increased the translocation factor for cadmium with or without EDDS.
Intervention effect NaCl decreased the translocation factor for arsenic and lead with or without EDDS.
Intervention effect With NaCl, EDDS reduced accumulation of all heavy metals except zinc.
Intervention effect Polymetallic pollutants modified cell wall constituents.
Intervention effect NaCl increased cellulose content in main stem and lateral branch.
Intervention effect EDDS had little impact on cellulose content.
Recommendation The authors propose K. pentacarpos for phytoremediation in saline environments.

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“bioaccumulation factor (BF)”

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