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“decrease in A”

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Taxon: lettuce ✕

Taxon groups are the verbatim names found in the abstracts (case-insensitive), not normalised: maize, corn and Zea mays are separate groups here. The Organism view merges them through NCBI Taxonomy.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Salt stress caused a larger decrease in many lettuce metabolites, especially arginine.

Taxon: LettuceLactuca sativat0
Treatment: salt stresse0
Outcome: many metabolites, especially the amino acid argininee0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“salt stress caused a larger decrease in many metabolites, especially the amino acid arginine”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1150–1242

t0
“Lettuce”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 59–66

Title

Preharvest Abiotic Stress Affects the Nutritional Value of Lettuce

Sanja Ćavar Zeljković; Nikola Štefelová; Karel Hron; et al. Agronomy 2023. doi:10.3390/agronomy13020398

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Drought caused the largest relative increase in lettuce phenolic compounds and some amino acids.
Intervention effect Drought caused the largest relative decrease in lettuce vitamin C and fatty acids.
Intervention effect Salt stress slightly increased lettuce fatty acids and vitamin E.
Observation Prazan and Altenbursky had the least chemical composition changes under drought.
Observation Altenbursky had the least variability among varieties under salt stress.

Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The rise in intercellular CO2 was taken to indicate a decrease in carboxylation efficiency under ozone.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae0
Treatment: ozone exposuree0
Outcome: carboxylation efficiencye1
Direction: decreasee1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“ozone exposure on lettuce leaves”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 15–47

e1
“a decrease in the carboxylation efficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 370–412

Title

Effects of ozone on photosynthetic CO₂ exchange, chlorophyll a fluorescence and antioxidant systems in lettuce leaves

Angeles Calatayud; Jaime W. Ramirez; Domingo J. Iglesias; et al. Physiologia Plantarum 2002. doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.2002.1160305.x

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect High ozone concentration decreased the photosynthesis rate at light saturation in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect High ozone concentration changed stomatal conductance and transpiration rate in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone exposure increased intercellular CO2 concentration in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone reduced non-cyclic electron flow and lowered the capacity to reduce the quinone pool in lettuce.
Intervention effect Ozone affected the ascorbate pool in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone decreased ascorbate peroxidase activity in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone increased lipid peroxidation in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone altered membrane properties in lettuce leaves.
Intervention effect Ozone reduced the development of non-photochemical quenching in lettuce leaves.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The diesel concentration associated with a 10% growth decrease was 0.33 ml for lettuce.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae0
Outcome: plant growthe0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: 0.33 mle0
Qualifier: 10% decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“The critical concentration of diesel associated with 10% decrease in plant growth was 0.33 ml for lettuce”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 440–545

Title

Influence of diesel contamination in soil on growth and dry matter partitioning of Lactuca sativa and Ipomoea batatas.

Kayode Fatokun; Godfrey Elijah Zharare PubMed 2015

Other claims from this paper (11)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Higher leaf cadmium content was associated with a significant decrease in lettuce biomass.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae4
Compound: cadmiume1
Outcome: biomasse1
Direction: decreasee1

Verbatim

e4
“It was examined through a hydroponics system in lettuce”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 309–364

e1
“A significant increase (P<0.05) in cadmium content of leaves result in a considerable decrease in the biomass (P<0.05)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 552–670

Title

Humic Acid Decreased Hazardous of Cadmium Toxicity on Lettuce ( Lactuca sativa L.)

Maryam Haghighi; M. Kafi; P. Fang; et al. Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research 2010. doi:10.2478/v10032-010-0005-z

Other claims from this paper (4)

Association Enzyme activities increased significantly with increasing cadmium rates in lettuce.
Association Cadmium content of lettuce leaves increased significantly.
Intervention effect Humic acid applied in the medium decreased metal adsorption by lettuce compared with the control.
Recommendation Humic acid material can be used to reduce the availability and mobility of heavy metals in soils.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ni I produced a decrease in chlorophyll a of −42.38% relative to control plants.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae2
Treatment: Ni Ie0
Outcome: chlorophyll ae0
Direction: decreasee3
Value: −42.38%e0
Comparator: control plantse1

Verbatim

e0
“Ni I (−42.38%) for chlorophyll a”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 999–1031

e1
“compared to the control plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–855

e2
“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–450

e3
“The biggest decrease was recorded for plants grown in soil treated with”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–998

Title

A Multi-Method Approach for Impact Assessment of Some Heavy Metals on Lactuca sativa L.

Maria-Loredana Soran; Aura Nicoleta Sîrb; Ildiko Lung; et al. Molecules 2023. doi:10.3390/molecules28020759

Other claims from this paper (10)

Association Metal type and concentration determined the variation in biochemical traits relative to controls.
Intervention effect Zn II produced a decrease in chlorophyll b of −32.92% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in carotenoids of −40.46% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a decrease in polyphenols of −40.95% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Cu III produced a decrease in DPPH of −29.42% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll a of 88.24% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll b of 65.56% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a increase in carotenoids of 116.03% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in polyphenols of 1351.23% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in DPPH of 1149.35% relative to control plants.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Both cultivars showed a decrease in biomass and leaf area under the light treatments.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativat0
Material: both cultivarse3
Outcome: biomass and leaf areae3
Direction: decreasee3

Verbatim

t0
“Red-Leaf Lettuce Cultivars”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 151–177

e3
“However, both cultivars showed a decrease in biomass and leaf area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1338–1404

Title

Effects of Continuous Low-Level UV-B, Alone or in Combination with Blue Light, on Photosynthetic and Antioxidant Responses of Morphologically Distinct Red-Leaf Lettuce Cultivars

Ivan A. Timofeenko; Mikhail Vereshchagin; Ekaterina Dranichnikova; et al. Plants 2025. doi:10.3390/plants14243821

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect In Pomegranate Lace, WL + BL + UV-B enhanced chlorophyll and carotenoid contents.
Intervention effect In Pomegranate Lace, WL + BL + UV-B enhanced photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.
Intervention effect In Pomegranate Lace, WL + BL + UV-B did not change respiration.
Intervention effect In Gypsy, UV-B + BL increased stomatal conductance (gS), respiration and photosynthesis rates.
Intervention effect In Gypsy, UV-B + BL improved PSII efficiency.
Association Both cultivars exhibited increased antioxidant capacity.
Association The coordinated changes in Pomegranate Lace indicate that phenolic and carotenoid accumulation is stimulated, reinforcing antioxidant capacity.
Intervention effect In Gypsy, adding BL or UV-B affected antioxidant capacity and PSII photochemical efficiency more effectively than in Pomegranate Lace, likely due to deeper leaf penetration and lower reflectance.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Ni I produced a decrease in carotenoids of −40.46% relative to control plants.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae2
Treatment: Ni Ie0
Outcome: carotenoidse0
Direction: decreasee3
Value: −40.46%e0
Comparator: control plantse1

Verbatim

e0
“Ni I (−40.46%) for carotenoids”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1068–1098

e1
“compared to the control plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–855

e2
“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–450

e3
“The biggest decrease was recorded for plants grown in soil treated with”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–998

Title

A Multi-Method Approach for Impact Assessment of Some Heavy Metals on Lactuca sativa L.

Maria-Loredana Soran; Aura Nicoleta Sîrb; Ildiko Lung; et al. Molecules 2023. doi:10.3390/molecules28020759

Other claims from this paper (10)

Association Metal type and concentration determined the variation in biochemical traits relative to controls.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in chlorophyll a of −42.38% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Zn II produced a decrease in chlorophyll b of −32.92% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a decrease in polyphenols of −40.95% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Cu III produced a decrease in DPPH of −29.42% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll a of 88.24% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll b of 65.56% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a increase in carotenoids of 116.03% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in polyphenols of 1351.23% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in DPPH of 1149.35% relative to control plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Pb I produced a decrease in polyphenols of −40.95% relative to control plants.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae2
Treatment: Pb Ie0
Outcome: polyphenolse0
Direction: decreasee3
Value: −40.95%e0
Comparator: control plantse1

Verbatim

e0
“Pb I (−40.95%) for polyphenols”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1100–1130

e1
“compared to the control plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–855

e2
“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–450

e3
“The biggest decrease was recorded for plants grown in soil treated with”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–998

Title

A Multi-Method Approach for Impact Assessment of Some Heavy Metals on Lactuca sativa L.

Maria-Loredana Soran; Aura Nicoleta Sîrb; Ildiko Lung; et al. Molecules 2023. doi:10.3390/molecules28020759

Other claims from this paper (10)

Association Metal type and concentration determined the variation in biochemical traits relative to controls.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in chlorophyll a of −42.38% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Zn II produced a decrease in chlorophyll b of −32.92% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in carotenoids of −40.46% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Cu III produced a decrease in DPPH of −29.42% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll a of 88.24% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll b of 65.56% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a increase in carotenoids of 116.03% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in polyphenols of 1351.23% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in DPPH of 1149.35% relative to control plants.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cu III produced a decrease in DPPH of −29.42% relative to control plants.

Taxon: lettuceLactuca sativae2
Treatment: Cu IIIe0
Outcome: DPPHe0
Direction: decreasee3
Value: −29.42%e0
Comparator: control plantse1

Verbatim

e0
“Cu III (−29.42%) for DPPH”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1135–1160

e1
“compared to the control plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 825–855

e2
“lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 423–450

e3
“The biggest decrease was recorded for plants grown in soil treated with”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 927–998

Title

A Multi-Method Approach for Impact Assessment of Some Heavy Metals on Lactuca sativa L.

Maria-Loredana Soran; Aura Nicoleta Sîrb; Ildiko Lung; et al. Molecules 2023. doi:10.3390/molecules28020759

Other claims from this paper (10)

Association Metal type and concentration determined the variation in biochemical traits relative to controls.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in chlorophyll a of −42.38% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Zn II produced a decrease in chlorophyll b of −32.92% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni I produced a decrease in carotenoids of −40.46% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a decrease in polyphenols of −40.95% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll a of 88.24% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Mn I produced a increase in chlorophyll b of 65.56% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Pb I produced a increase in carotenoids of 116.03% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in polyphenols of 1351.23% relative to control plants.
Intervention effect Ni III produced a increase in DPPH of 1149.35% relative to control plants.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors infer that endosperm resistance must decrease before radicle protrusion can occur.

Taxon: LettuceLactuca sativat0
Organ / stage: endosperm layere0
Outcome: resistancee0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“for radicle protrusion to occur, there must first be a decrease in the resistance of the endosperm layer”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1652–1756

t0
“Lettuce Seed Germination”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 79–103

Title

Using a Puncture Test to Identify the Role of Seed Coverings on Thermotolerant Lettuce Seed Germination

Yu Sung; Daniel J. Cantliffe; Russell Nagata Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science 1998. doi:10.21273/jashs.123.6.1102

Other claims from this paper (11)

Observation Imbibition of primed and nonprimed lettuce seeds followed a triphasic pattern.
Intervention effect Primed lettuce seeds had higher final water content than nonprimed seeds.
Intervention effect Primed lettuce seeds had a shorter imbibitional phase II than nonprimed seeds.
Intervention effect Primed thermosensitive lettuce seeds germinated at 36 °C, unlike nonprimed seeds.
Observation Dark Green Boston seeds had the highest mean puncture resistance, 0.207 N.
Observation PI 251245 seeds had the lowest mean puncture resistance, 0.139 N.
Observation Endosperm penetration resistance differed among five genotypes at both temperatures.
Observation Three thermotolerant lettuce genotypes had lower endosperm resistance than two thermosensitive types.
Association Seed penetration force depended on genotype, priming and duration of imbibition.
Association Puncture force decreased with imbibition time at 36 °C in primed and nonprimed thermotolerant seeds, but not thermosensitive genotypes.
Intervention effect Priming reduced initial seed and endosperm penetration force in all genotypes.

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“decrease in A”

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