Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increased leaf damage (33.4% leaf area loss) produced fewer flowers than natural leaf damage.

Taxon: Oenothera macrocarpaOenothera macrocarpae0
Treatment: increased leaf damage treatmente1
Outcome: flowerse1
Direction: fewere1
Comparator: natural leaf damage plantse1

Verbatim

e0
“Oenothera macrocarpa (Onagraceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 709–742

e1
“Plants in the increased leaf damage treatment (33.4% leaf area loss) produced fewer flowers than natural leaf damage plants (6.5% leaf area loss)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1208–1353

Title

FITNESS IMPACTS OF HERBIVORY THROUGH INDIRECT EFFECTS ON PLANT–POLLINATOR INTERACTIONS INOENOTHERA MACROCARPA

Kristine Mothershead; Robert J. Marquis Ecology 2000. doi:10.1890/0012-9658(2000)081[0030:fiohti]2.0.co;2

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Experimentally damaged plants had 18% lower fruit set than natural leaf damage plants.
Intervention effect Experimentally damaged plants produced 33% fewer seeds than natural leaf damage plants.
Intervention effect Hand pollination increased fruit set by 60% above naturally pollinated plants.
Intervention effect Hand pollination increased total seed number by 38% above naturally pollinated plants.
Mechanism Female fitness of Oenothera macrocarpa was pollen-limited.
Intervention effect Bud damage significantly decreased corolla diameter and floral tube length.
Intervention effect Bud damage led to a 68% reduction in fruit set.
Association Hawk moths preferentially visited flowers with larger corollas.
Association Flowers with larger corollas had a significantly increased probability of setting fruit.
Association Seed number per fruit was positively related to floral tube length.
Association No significant path was found between percentage leaf damage and female reproduction.
Association A significant indirect path ran from percentage leaf damage to seed number through corolla diameter.
Mechanism Decreased female reproduction is attributed to changes in floral traits caused by leaf and bud damage, which affect hawk moth preference and pollen delivery efficiency.
Mechanism Herbivores can mitigate the mutualistic relationship between plants and pollinators through their effects on floral traits.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf damage affected under 3% of accessions.

Taxon: appleMalus domesticat0
Outcome: leaf damagee0
Value: <3%e0

Verbatim

t0
“apple”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 38–43

e0
“(<3%) by leaf damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1028–1048

Title

Characterization of sunburn damage to apple fruits and leaves

J. Racskó; T. Szabó; J. Nyéki; et al. International Journal of Horticultural Science 2010. doi:10.31421/ijhs/16/4/909

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Sunburn browning was the most frequent fruit sunburn type.
Observation Photooxidative sunburn affected fewer accessions and necrosis only some.
Observation Fruit damage affected over 60% of accessions.
Observation About 6% of assessed fruit showed browning.
Observation About 1% of fruit had sunburn necrosis.
Observation About 1.4% of fruit had photooxidative sunburn.
Observation About 1% of leaves within accessions were damaged.
Association Heavily sunburned leaves were associated with severe fruit damage.
Observation Sunburned leaves were usually close to severely sunburned fruit.
Observation Leaf sunburn was mainly on spur leaves; shoot leaves appeared unsusceptible.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Prior leaf damage increased the probability of future leaf damage.

Taxon: Trientalis europaeaLysimachia europaeat0
Organ / stage: Rametse0
Outcome: probability of leaf damage in succeeding yearse0
Direction: increasede0

Verbatim

e0
“Ramets that suffered leaf damage in 1 year experienced an increased probability of leaf damage in succeeding years.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 405–520

t0
“Trientalis europaea”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 51–70

Title

Herbivory and ramet performance in the clonal herb Trientalis europaea L.

Jesus Piqueras Journal of Ecology 1999. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2745.1999.00372.x

Other claims from this paper (15)

Observation Herbivory levels were low and varied between years.
Association Larger ramets had a greater grazing risk.
Association Larger ramets had greater leaf defoliation risk.
Observation Herbivore attack probabilities were independent among ramets of one clonal fragment.
Intervention effect Leaf damage did not affect measured plant performance.
Intervention effect Vertebrate grazing prevented flowering and fruiting.
Intervention effect Grazing increased summer ramet mortality.
Intervention effect Grazing decreased tuber production.
Intervention effect Grazed ramets produced shorter stolons.
Intervention effect Grazed ramets produced smaller tubers.
Association Tubers from grazed ramets had lower winter survival.
Association Tubers from grazed ramets produced smaller ramets next season.
Observation Regrown shoots were significantly smaller.
Observation Assimilation was delayed after grazing.
Intervention effect Tubers from grazed ramets were placed shallower than those from ungrazed ramets.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Artificial leaf damage did not reduce leaf-miner survival.

Taxon: Beecht0
Treatment: leaf damagee0
Interactor: leaf-minere0pest
Outcome: leaf-miner survivale0
Direction: not reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“leaf-miner survival was not reduced by leaf damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 598–648

t0
“Beech”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 61–66

Title

Does Damage-Mediated Intergenerational Conflict Occur in the Beech Leaf-Mining Weevil?

A. D. Watt; A. M. McFarlane Oikos 1992. doi:10.2307/3545375

Other claims from this paper (1)

Observation Adult beech weevils did not avoid oviposition in damaged leaves.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf damage reduced rosette size in the year of damage.

Taxon: Arabidopsis lyrataArabidopsis lyratae1
Treatment: Leaf damagee0
Outcome: rosette sizee0
Direction: reducede0
Qualifier: the year of damagee0
Comparator: 0e2

Verbatim

e0
“Leaf damage reduced rosette size the year of damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1212–1263

e1
“Arabidopsis lyrata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 280–298

e2
“leaf (0 vs. 50% of the area of each leaf removed)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 639–688

Title

No trade-off between trichome production and tolerance to leaf and inflorescence damage in a natural population of Arabidopsis lyrata

Adriana Puentes; Jon Ågren Journal of Plant Ecology 2013. doi:10.1093/jpe/rtt051

Other claims from this paper (6)

Association Trichome-producing plants were not less tolerant of simulated damage than glabrous plants.
Intervention effect Leaf damage had weak nonsignificant effects on reproductive output in the damage year.
Intervention effect Leaf damage had weak nonsignificant effects on survival and reproduction the following year.
Intervention effect Inflorescence damage significantly reduced flower, fruit, and seed numbers that year.
Intervention effect Inflorescence damage did not reduce flower, fruit, or seed numbers in the following year.
Observation The population tolerated leaf damage more than inflorescence damage.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Leaf damage and rotten wood were the most common types of tree damage.

Taxon: treee0
Outcome: leaf damage and rotten woode0
Qualifier: The most types of tree damagee0

Verbatim

e0
“The most types of tree damage were leaf damage and rotten wood”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1020–1082

Title

Tree Health Management Strategy in Cianjur Urban Forest

Religiana Salsabila; Hariyadi Hariyadi; Nyoto Santoso Jurnal Sylva Lestari 2021. doi:10.23960/jsl1986-103

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observation Canopy condition in Cianjur Urban Forest was 86.41% in good condition.
Observation Of the trees, 92.70% were in healthy condition.
Observation Of the trees, 5.34% were lightly damaged.
Observation Of the trees, 1.31% were moderately damaged.
Observation Of the trees, 0.56% were heavily damaged.
Observation Acacia denticulosa was the tree species that suffered the most damage.
Observation Cianjur Urban Forest had high land productivity and biodiversity.
Observation The management of Cianjur Urban Forest has not been implemented effectively.
Observation Cianjur Urban Forest benefits the community as a place for natural tourism, sports, education and job opportunities.
Recommendation Three priority strategies are proposed to improve tree health management in Cianjur Urban Forest.

Associationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Herbivore attack following artificial leaf damage decreased with increasing initial leaf damage.

Taxon: Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrataQuercus mongolica var. grosseserratat0
Treatment: initial leaf damagee5
Interactor: herbivoree5herbivore
Outcome: herbivore attacke5
Direction: decreasede5

Verbatim

t0
“Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 66–102

e5
“As a result, herbivore attack following artificial leaf damage decreased with increasing initial leaf damage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 850–958

Title

Herbivory pattern and induced responses to simulated herbivory in Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata

Gaku Kudo Ecological Research 1996. doi:10.1007/bf02347785

Other claims from this paper (7)

Association Leaf nitrogen concentration was highest when leaves first emerged and decreased rapidly with leaf age.
Association Leaf mass per area increased with leaf age.
Observation Herbivore attack on Quercus leaves was concentrated in the first 20 days after bud break.
Intervention effect Simulated herbivory increased leaf mass per area of Quercus leaves.
Intervention effect Artificial leaf damage decreased leaf nitrogen concentration later in the season compared with intact leaves.
Intervention effect Leaf longevity was not affected by initial leaf damage.
Mechanism The induced leaf responses are considered a strategy to disperse herbivory damage among leaves.

Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Soybean variety affected leaf damage, pod damage and production.

Taxon: soybeanGlycine maxt0
Material: varietye0
Outcome: leaf damage, pod damage, and productione0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

t0
“soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 10–17

e0
“Results indicated that variety affects pest diversity and abundance, however, it affected leaf damage, pod damage, and production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 766–895

Title

Effect of soybean variety and pest management on the sustainable production

V Aryati; E S Ulina IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science 2023. doi:10.1088/1755-1315/1172/1/012032

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observationobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Overall tomato flower damage was lower than leaf damage.

Taxon: Solanum lycopersicumSolanum lycopersicumt0
Outcome: flower damagee0
Direction: lowere0
Comparator: leaf damagee0

Verbatim

e0
“Overall flower damage was lower than leaf damage.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1356–1405

t0
“Solanum lycopersicum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 44–64

Title

Efficacy of Beneficial Fungi Isolates in Solanum lycopersicum L. Protection against Lepidopteran Insects through a Leaf Inoculation Technique

Joelle Toffa; Elie Ayitondji Dannon; Yeyinou Laura Estelle Loko; et al. Advances in Microbiology 2023. doi:10.4236/aim.2023.132006

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effect Larvae on tomato inoculated with Bb 11 had mean survival of 4.2 ± 0.8 days versus 11.5 ± 0.2 days for controls.
Intervention effect Bb 11 at 109 conidia/ml gave low flower damage in improved tomato from day 6 onward.
Observation Bb 11 at 109 conidia/ml showed the greatest pathogenicity among endophytic isolates applied by leaf spraying.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Simulated early leaf damage reduced damage by subsequent leaf-chewing insects on wild cotton.

Taxon: Gossypium hirsutumGossypium hirsutumt0
Treatment: simulated early leaf damagee1
Interactor: leaf‐chewing insectse1herbivore
Outcome: damage by subsequent leaf‐chewing insectse1
Direction: reducede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 95–127

e1
“simulated early leaf damage reduced damage by subsequent leaf‐chewing insects, increased plant fungal infections, but did not affect ant abundance”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 902–1048

Title

Effects of early‐season insect herbivory on subsequent pathogen infection and ant abundance on wild cotton (Gossypium hirsutum)

Luis Abdala‐Roberts; Biiniza Pérez Niño; Xoaquín Moreira; et al. Journal of Ecology 2019. doi:10.1111/1365-2745.13131

Other claims from this paper (8)

“leaf damage”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics