Claim · model-written summary
Phenylalanine ammonia lyase and p-hydroxybenzoic acid geranyltransferase, two key enzymes of secondary metabolite biosynthesis, were stimulated by ultrasound.
- Taxon
- Lithospermum erythrorhizon
Lithospermum erythrorhizont0 - Treatment
- the USe0
- Gene
- phenylalanine ammonia lyase and p-hydroxybenzoic acid geranyltransferasee0
- Outcome
- Two key enzymes for the secondary metabolite biosynthesis of cellse0
- Direction
- stimulatede0
Not reportedMaterialCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Lithospermum erythrorhizon”
e0“Two key enzymes for the secondary metabolite biosynthesis of cells, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and p-hydroxybenzoic acid geranyltransferase, were found to be stimulated by the US”
Title
Lidong Lin; Jianyong Wu Biotechnology and Bioengineering 2002. doi:10.1002/bit.10180.abs
Other claims from this paper (9)
- Intervention effect Low-energy ultrasound exposure significantly stimulated shikonin biosynthesis in Lithospermum erythrorhizon suspension cells.
- Intervention effect At certain ultrasound doses the volumetric shikonin yield rose by about 60%–70%.
- Intervention effect The share of shikonin excreted from the cells rose from 20% to 65%–70%.
- Mechanism The authors attribute the increased shikonin excretion partly to higher cell membrane permeability caused by sonication.
- Intervention effect Combining ultrasound with in situ organic-solvent extraction (two-phase culture) increased volumetric shikonin yield more than two- to threefold.
- Intervention effect Increasing the number of ultrasound exposures during culture usually had negative effects on shikonin yield.
- Intervention effect Increasing the number of ultrasound exposures slightly stimulated shikonin excretion.
- Intervention effect Ultrasound at relatively high energy levels caused slight cell growth depression, with at most a 9% decrease in dry cell weight.
- Mechanism The authors attribute the ultrasound stimulation of secondary metabolite biosynthesis to cell metabolic activity activated by ultrasound, specifically defense responses to the mechanical stress of irradiation.