By organism › Green plants › Pinaceae › Pinus strobus

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.

Taxon: Pinus strobusPinus strobust0
Interactor: F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
Second interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: cell wall of F. oxysporume0
Qualifier: chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and proteasee0

Verbatim

e0
“B. licheniformis PR2 produced fungal cell wall degrading enzymes such as chitinase, β-1,3-glucanase and protease, which degraded chitin, β-glucan and glycoproteins polymers that constitute the cell wall of F. oxysporum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1232–1450

t0
“Pinus strobus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–116

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.

Taxon: Pinus strobusPinus strobust0
Treatment: bacterial treatmente0
Interactor: F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
Second interactor: Bacillus licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformist0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: spore germinatione0
Direction: inhibitede0
Value: 85.9.1%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“bacterial treatment inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of F. oxysporum by 85.9.1% and 61.5%, respectively, at 100% concentration of the crude enzyme fraction”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1471–1641

t0
“Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–116

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.

Taxon: Pinus strobusPinus strobust0
Treatment: bacterial treatmente0
Interactor: F. oxysporumFusarium oxysporume0pathogen
Second interactor: Bacillus licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformist0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: mycelial growth of F. oxysporume0
Direction: inhibitede0
Value: 61.5%e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“bacterial treatment inhibited spore germination and mycelial growth of F. oxysporum by 85.9.1% and 61.5%, respectively, at 100% concentration of the crude enzyme fraction”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1471–1641

t0
“Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–116

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.

Taxon: P. strobusPinus strobuse0
Treatment: B. licheniformis PR2 culturee0
Interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: survival rate of seedlingse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 2.3-folde0
Comparator: chemical treatmente0

Verbatim

e0
“treatment of P. strobus seedlings with B. licheniformis PR2 culture increased the survival rate of seedlings by 2.3-fold and 2.1-fold compared to chemical treatment and the control groups, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1667–1868

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.

Taxon: P. strobusPinus strobuse0
Treatment: B. licheniformis PR2 culturee0
Interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: survival rate of seedlingse0
Direction: increasede0
Value: 2.1-folde0
Comparator: control groupse0

Verbatim

e0
“treatment of P. strobus seedlings with B. licheniformis PR2 culture increased the survival rate of seedlings by 2.3-fold and 2.1-fold compared to chemical treatment and the control groups, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1667–1868

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.

Taxon: Pinus strobusPinus strobust0
Interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)e0
Value: 108.9 mg/mLe0

Verbatim

e0
“B. licheniformis PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1883–1960

t0
“Pinus strobus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–116

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.

Taxon: P. strobusPinus strobuse0
Treatment: bacterial culture of B. licheniformis PR2e0
Interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: root collar diameter, dry weight of shoots and rootse0
Direction: improvede0
Comparator: chemical treatment and control groupe0

Verbatim

e0
“treatment of P. strobus seedlings with the bacterial culture of B. licheniformis PR2 improved the root collar diameter, dry weight of shoots and roots compared to the chemical treatment and control group, respectively”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2112–2329

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Recommendation Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Authors recommend PR2 for urban green space as an alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers.

Taxon: Pinus strobusPinus strobust0
Interactor: B. licheniformis PR2Bacillus licheniformise0biocontrol_agent
Outcome: ecofriendly alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizerse0

Verbatim

e0
“B. licheniformis PR2 could be applied as an ecofriendly alternative to chemical fungicides and fertilizers in the sustainable development of urban green spaces”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2371–2530

t0
“Pinus strobus L.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 100–116

Title

Biological control of Bacillus licheniformis PR2 against Fusarium oxysporum and growth promotion of Pinus strobus L. as an urban greening strategy

Jae-Hyun Moon; Henry B. Ajuna; Su-In Choi; et al. Biological Control 2026. doi:10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.105966

Other claims from this paper (7)

Mechanism PR2 produced enzymes that degraded Fusarium cell wall polymers.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium spore germination by 85.9.1%.
Intervention effect PR2 crude enzyme fraction inhibited Fusarium mycelial growth by 61.5%.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.3 fold relative to chemical treatment.
Intervention effect PR2 increased pine seedling survival 2.1 fold relative to controls.
Observation PR2 produced up to 108.9 mg/mL IAA.
Intervention effect PR2 culture improved pine root collar diameter and shoot and root dry weight.

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The other essential oils had an MIC of 1-3%.

Taxon: Chamaecyparis pisifera var. filifera, Peucedanum japonicum, and Pinus strobusPinus strobusPeucedanum japonicumChamaecyparis pisiferae0
Outcome: MICe1
Value: 1-3%e1

Verbatim

e0
“essential oils were extracted from Dendranthema indicum, Orixa japonica, Chamaecyparis pisifera var. filifera, Peucedanum japonicum, and Pinus strobus using hydrodistillation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 349–523

e1
“whereas the other essential oils might require higher concentrations for bactericidal effects (MIC:1-3% and MBC:3- ≥ 12%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1670–1791

Title

Screening the Physical Properties, Chemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Five Essential Oils

Chanjoo Park; Nahyun Kim; Hyunjeong Na; et al. Journal of Oleo Science 2025. doi:10.5650/jos.ess24354

Other claims from this paper (15)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The other essential oils had an MBC of 3- ≥ 12%.

Taxon: Chamaecyparis pisifera var. filifera, Peucedanum japonicum, and Pinus strobusPinus strobusPeucedanum japonicumChamaecyparis pisiferae0
Outcome: MBCe1
Value: 3- ≥ 12%e1

Verbatim

e0
“essential oils were extracted from Dendranthema indicum, Orixa japonica, Chamaecyparis pisifera var. filifera, Peucedanum japonicum, and Pinus strobus using hydrodistillation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 349–523

e1
“whereas the other essential oils might require higher concentrations for bactericidal effects (MIC:1-3% and MBC:3- ≥ 12%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1670–1791

Title

Screening the Physical Properties, Chemical Profile and Antimicrobial Activity of Five Essential Oils

Chanjoo Park; Nahyun Kim; Hyunjeong Na; et al. Journal of Oleo Science 2025. doi:10.5650/jos.ess24354

Other claims from this paper (15)

Pinus strobus 1,428 claims

1,428 claims