Cryptomeria japonica 2,131 claims

species · family Cupressaceae · green plant · NCBI Taxonomy ↗

Common name: Japanese cedar — Also written in claims: Japanese cedar · Cryptomeria fortunei · Sugi · C. fortunei · Japanese-cedar · Japanese cedar plantation — NCBI synonyms: Cupressus japonica

Listed here with its subspecies, varieties and cultivar groups: Cryptomeria japonica var. sinensis (222 claims)

46 spellings

Questions studied on this organism10 questions18 papers

Cryptomeria japonicaYosemite · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

2,131 claims

Open in search (filters, sorting) →

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: inoculated them into C. japonica seedlingse1
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae2symbiont
Outcome: growth of C. japonica seedlingse2
Direction: promotede2
Comparator: controlse2

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e1
“inoculated them into C. japonica seedlings grown in a controlled environment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 558–634

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: inoculated them into C. japonica seedlingse1
Interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae2symbiont
Outcome: growth of C. japonica seedlingse2
Direction: promotede2
Comparator: controlse2

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e1
“inoculated them into C. japonica seedlings grown in a controlled environment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 558–634

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: inoculated them into C. japonica seedlingse1
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae3symbiont
Outcome: water uptake and height growthe3
Direction: boostede3
Comparator: controlse2

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e1
“inoculated them into C. japonica seedlings grown in a controlled environment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 558–634

e2
“When compared to controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–971

e3
“While G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth, G. margarita improved biomass production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1202

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: inoculated them into C. japonica seedlingse1
Interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae3symbiont
Outcome: biomass productione3
Direction: improvede3
Comparator: controlse2

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e1
“inoculated them into C. japonica seedlings grown in a controlled environment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 558–634

e2
“When compared to controls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–971

e3
“While G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth, G. margarita improved biomass production”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1107–1202

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: cohabitatione2
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae2symbiont
Second interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae2symbiont
Outcome: carbon release into the soile4
Direction: encouragede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

e4
“Together, they encouraged carbon release into the soil and delayed root growth, increasing shoot-to-root biomass ratio for faster seedling growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1204–1349

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: cohabitatione2
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae2symbiont
Second interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae2symbiont
Outcome: root growthe4
Direction: delayede4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

e4
“Together, they encouraged carbon release into the soil and delayed root growth, increasing shoot-to-root biomass ratio for faster seedling growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1204–1349

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: cohabitatione2
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae2symbiont
Second interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae2symbiont
Outcome: shoot-to-root biomass ratioe4
Direction: increasinge4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

e4
“Together, they encouraged carbon release into the soil and delayed root growth, increasing shoot-to-root biomass ratio for faster seedling growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1204–1349

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Treatment: cohabitatione2
Interactor: G. roseaGigaspora roseae2symbiont
Second interactor: G. margaritaGigaspora margaritae2symbiont
Outcome: seedling growthe4
Direction: fastere4

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e2
“When compared to controls, G. rosea and G. margarita significantly promoted the growth of C. japonica seedlings, with synergistic effects in their cohabitation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 946–1105

e4
“Together, they encouraged carbon release into the soil and delayed root growth, increasing shoot-to-root biomass ratio for faster seedling growth”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1204–1349

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Observationobservedoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Interactor: Gigaspora rosea LFB-4Gigaspora roseae5symbiont
Second interactor: G. margarita LFB-A1Gigaspora margaritae5symbiont
Outcome: identified the isolatese5

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e5
“We identified the isolates as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 using morphological, molecular, and phylogenetic analyses”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 636–769

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The AMF isolates developed multiple germ tubes during germination and showed pre-symbiotic sporulation.

Taxon: Cryptomeria japonicaCryptomeria japonicae0
Outcome: developed multiple germ tubes during germinatione6
Qualifier: showed pre-symbiotic sporulatione6

Verbatim

e0
“under Cryptomeria japonica (Cupressaceae)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 512–553

e6
“They simultaneously developed multiple germ tubes during germination, showed pre-symbiotic sporulation, erratic root colonization, and produced spores inside host root cells”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 771–944

Title

Origin and cohabitation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi matter: forest-derived Gigaspora species are promising candidates for bioinoculant development in forest tree production

Akotchiffor Kevin Geoffroy Djotan; Yosuke Matsuda; Norihisa Matsushita; et al. Mycorrhiza 2026. doi:10.1007/s00572-026-01253-8

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect G. rosea significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita significantly promoted growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. rosea boosted water uptake and height growth of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect G. margarita improved biomass production of C. japonica seedlings compared with controls.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita encouraged carbon release into the soil.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita delayed root growth of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita increased the shoot-to-root biomass ratio of C. japonica seedlings.
Intervention effect Together, G. rosea and G. margarita made seedling growth faster.
Observation The two isolates were identified as Gigaspora rosea LFB-4 and G. margarita LFB-A1 by morphological, molecular and phylogenetic analyses.
Observation The AMF isolates showed erratic root colonization of C. japonica seedlings.
Observation The AMF isolates produced spores inside host root cells of C. japonica.
Mechanism G. rosea and G. margarita worked synergistically to improve growth of C. japonica seedlings by modulating root development.
Association Habitat, origin and cohabitation of AMF were found to determine plant – AMF compatibility.
Association Diversity improves plant – AMF associations.