Abstract
A study was conducted during 1997-98 and 1998-99 to evaluate the efficacy of 2 biofertilizers (Rhizobacteria and Azotobacter) and N in wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.) and their after effects on succeeding maize (Zea mays L.) in wheat-maize cropping sequence at New Delhi, on a sandy loam soil analyzing low in total N and medium in available P and K. Both the biofertilizers being on par caused significant improvement in growth, yield and yield attributes and N uptake in wheat as compared to control. However, no carry over effect of these biofertilizers was observed in the following maize crop.Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only. Application of 120 kg N/ha applied to wheat significantly increased the grain yield (3.98 tonnes/ha) and N uptake (112 kg/ha) in succeeding maize over no N. Direct applied N to maize significantly increased the grain yield (4.55 tonnes/ ha) and N uptake (131.80 kg/ha) in maize up to 120 kg/ha. Over the seasons, the grain yield of maize with 60 kg N/ha increased by 34.73 % over no nitrogen. The corresponding increase in yield with 120 kg N/ha over 60 kg N/ha was 13.78 %. Both the biofertilizers, being on par, recorded higher N uptake and net returns over no biofertilizer in wheat-maize cropping system. The uptake ofN and net returns in this cropping system increased with increasing levels of residual and direct applied N to maize up to 120 kg N/ha.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Both biofertilizers improved wheat growth, yield traits and nitrogen uptake relative to control.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- biofertilizerse0
- Outcome
- growth, yield and yield attributes and N uptakee0
- Direction
- improvemente0
- Comparator
- controle0
Not reportedSetting
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both the biofertilizers being on par caused significant improvement in growth, yield and yield attributes and N uptake in wheat as compared to control”
Claim · model-written summary
The biofertilizers had no observed carryover effect on maize.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no carry over effect of these biofertilizers was observed in the following maize crop”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen up to 60 kg/ha increased wheat growth and yield attributes.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- growth and yield attributese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen raised wheat grain yield to 4.30 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.30 tonnes/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen raised wheat straw yield to 6.40 tonnes/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- strawe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 6.40 tonnes/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen raised wheat nitrogen uptake to 101.10 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 101.10 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen raised wheat net returns to Rs 15 535.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- Rs 15 535e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Nitrogen raised wheat benefit–cost ratio to 1.45.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Nitrogen applicatione0
- Outcome
- B: C ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.45e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Nitrogen application markedly increased growth and yield attributes, grain (4.30 tonnes/ha) and straw (6.40 tonnes/ha) yields, N uptake (101.10 kg/ha), net returns (Rs 15 535) and B: C ratio (1.45) in wheat up to 60 kg/ ha only”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat nitrogen at 120 kg N/ha increased succeeding maize grain yield to 3.98 tonnes/ha.
- Treatment
- 120 kg N/ha applied to wheate0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.98 tonnes/hae0
- Comparator
- no Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 120 kg N/ha applied to wheat significantly increased the grain yield (3.98 tonnes/ha) and N uptake (112 kg/ha) in succeeding maize over no N”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat nitrogen at 120 kg N/ha increased succeeding maize nitrogen uptake to 112 kg/ha.
- Treatment
- 120 kg N/ha applied to wheate0
- Outcome
- N uptakee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 112 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- no Ne0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 120 kg N/ha applied to wheat significantly increased the grain yield (3.98 tonnes/ha) and N uptake (112 kg/ha) in succeeding maize over no N”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct maize nitrogen increased grain yield to 4.55 tonnes/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Direct applied N to maize significantly increased the grain yield (4.55 tonnes/ ha) and N uptake (131.80 kg/ha) in maize up to 120 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Direct maize nitrogen increased nitrogen uptake to 131.80 kg/ha.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Direct applied N to maize significantly increased the grain yield (4.55 tonnes/ ha) and N uptake (131.80 kg/ha) in maize up to 120 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield with 60 kg N/ha was 34.73% above no nitrogen.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain yield of maize with 60 kg N/ha increased by 34.73 % over no nitrogen”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize grain yield with 120 kg N/ha was 13.78% above 60 kg N/ha.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The corresponding increase in yield with 120 kg N/ha over 60 kg N/ha was 13.78 %”
t0“succeeding maize (Zea mays)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biofertilizers raised system nitrogen uptake and net returns versus none.
Verbatim
e0“Both the biofertilizers, being on par, recorded higher N uptake and net returns over no biofertilizer in wheat-maize cropping system”
Claim · model-written summary
System nitrogen uptake and net returns rose with residual and direct maize nitrogen through 120 kg N/ha.
Verbatim
e0“The uptake ofN and net returns in this cropping system increased with increasing levels of residual and direct applied N to maize up to 120 kg N/ha”
t0“wheat-maize”
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