Abstract
Various combinations of crops, herbicides, and tillage were evaluated for field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) control in western South Dakota. Four crop rotations (continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), wheat-fallow, wheat-sorghum ( Sorghum vulgare Pers.), and wheat-sorghum-fallow) were modified by the application of (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid (2,4-D) and/or the use of post-harvest tillage. Intensive cultivation and 2,4-D treatment were used to aid in the control of field bindweed in forage crops grown on a long-term basis and in conjunction with small grain rotations. Treatment with 2,4-D in a grain crop and with non-selective herbicides after harvest were tested. Crops were planted the succeeding 2 or 3 years and observed for effect of chemical residue. The established plants could be essentially eliminated while utilizing adapted crop rotations. The use of 2,4-D alone or in combination with cultivation made it possible to reduce the stand of field bindweed (20.7 to 22.2 shoots/sq yd) 90% or more in 3 years in all rotations. A ¾-lb/A rate of 2,4-D in June prevented seed production, killed susceptible plants, and weakened the remaining plants, but a follow-up treatment of 2,4-D in the fall, post-harvest cultivation, or post-harvest treatment with herbicides such as 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid (2,3,6-TBA), 3,6-dichloro- o -anisic acid (dicamba), or 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) was necessary to kill them.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Established field bindweed could be essentially eliminated while adapted crop rotations were used.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume2 - Treatment
- adapted crop rotationse0
- Interactor
- field bindweede1weed
- Outcome
- field bindweede1
- Direction
- essentially eliminatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The established plants could be essentially eliminated while utilizing adapted crop rotations.”
e1“field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) control”
e2“continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
2,4-D alone or with cultivation reduced field bindweed stands by at least 90% in three years across all rotations.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume1
- Treatment
- 2,4-D alone or in combination with cultivatione0
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- stand of field bindweede0
- Direction
- reducee0
- Value
- 90% or moree0
- Qualifier
- in 3 years in all rotationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The use of 2,4-D alone or in combination with cultivation made it possible to reduce the stand of field bindweed (20.7 to 22.2 shoots/sq yd) 90% or more in 3 years in all rotations.”
e1“continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
June application of ¾-lb/A 2,4-D prevented field bindweed seed production.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- ¾-lb/A rate of 2,4-D in Junee0
- Interactor
- field bindweede1weed
- Outcome
- seed productione0
- Direction
- preventede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A ¾-lb/A rate of 2,4-D in June prevented seed production, killed susceptible plants, and weakened the remaining plants”
e1“field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) control”
e2“continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
June 2,4-D killed susceptible bindweed plants and weakened remaining plants.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- ¾-lb/A rate of 2,4-D in Junee0
- Interactor
- field bindweede1weed
- Outcome
- susceptible plantse0
- Direction
- killede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A ¾-lb/A rate of 2,4-D in June prevented seed production, killed susceptible plants, and weakened the remaining plants”
e1“field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) control”
e2“continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
A follow-up fall treatment or postharvest cultivation or herbicide was necessary to kill remaining bindweed.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Interactor
- field bindweede1weed
- Outcome
- follow-up treatment of 2,4-D in the fall, post-harvest cultivation, or post-harvest treatment with herbicidese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a follow-up treatment of 2,4-D in the fall, post-harvest cultivation, or post-harvest treatment with herbicides such as 2,3,6-trichlorobenzoic acid (2,3,6-TBA), 3,6-dichloro- o -anisic acid (dicamba), or 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid (picloram) was necessary to kill them”
e1“field bindweed ( Convolvulus arvensis L.) control”
e2“continuous wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
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See all 116 papers →2,4-D · disease · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.