Abstract
This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation. Treatments included 3 wk intervals of sweep tillage combined with one or two annual applications of 2,4-D (tillage and 2,4-D). Two other treatments were the same as tillage and 2,4-D, except dicamba or a mixture of picloram and 2,4-D were applied once in October after wheat harvest. A fourth treatment was identical to tillage and 2,4-D, except imazapyr was sprayed immediately after harvest of wheat. Also, three no-tillage systems using glyphosate and 2,4-D at monthly intervals were supplemented with either dicamba, picloram and 2,4-D, or imazapyr the same as in treatments involving tillage and 2,4-D. The check was sweep tilled every 6 wk. All treatments controlled field bindweed in one rotation of two fallow periods and two crops. After control was accomplished, wheat and sorghum yields were about twice the check. Using 1995 costs and returns, profit for an owner-operator for the two fallow periods and two crops was $123 ha −1 for tillage and 2,4-D, compared to $19 ha −1 for the check. Tillage and 2,4-D supplemented with picloram or imazapyr were almost as profitable as tillage and 2,4-D. Because of high herbicide cost and low yields, no-tillage treatments lost money. Profits with a 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreement were $105 and $21 ha −1 , respectively, for owner and tenant using tillage and 2,4-D. With no field bindweed control practice, the tenant lost $33 ha −1 and the owner made $51 ha −1 .
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All field bindweed control treatments controlled field bindweed in a wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- field bindweed control treatmentse0
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- field bindweede1
- Direction
- controllede1
- Comparator
- checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e1“All treatments controlled field bindweed in one rotation of two fallow periods and two crops”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat and sorghum yields after field bindweed control were about twice those of the check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume2
- Treatment
- field bindweed control treatmentse0
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- yieldse2
- Direction
- about twicee2
- Comparator
- checke2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e2“After control was accomplished, wheat and sorghum yields were about twice the check”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and 2,4-D gave owner-operator profit of $123 per hectare, higher than the check.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- tillage and 2,4-De3
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- profite3
- Direction
- higherinferrede3
- Value
- $123e3
- Comparator
- checke3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e3“Using 1995 costs and returns, profit for an owner-operator for the two fallow periods and two crops was $123 ha −1 for tillage and 2,4-D, compared to $19 ha −1 for the check”
Claim · model-written summary
Tillage and 2,4-D supplemented with picloram or imazapyr were almost as profitable as tillage and 2,4-D.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Tillage and 2,4-D supplemented with picloram or imazapyre4
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- profitablee4
- Direction
- almost ase4
- Comparator
- tillage and 2,4-De4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e4“Tillage and 2,4-D supplemented with picloram or imazapyr were almost as profitable as tillage and 2,4-D”
Claim · model-written summary
No-tillage treatments lost money in field bindweed control because of high herbicide cost and low yields.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- no-tillage treatmentse5
- Interactor
- field bindweede0weed
- Outcome
- moneye5
- Direction
- loste5
- Qualifier
- Because of high herbicide cost and low yieldse5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e5“Because of high herbicide cost and low yields, no-tillage treatments lost money”
Claim · model-written summary
Owner profit with tillage and 2,4-D under a 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreement was $105 per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- tillage and 2,4-De6
- Outcome
- Profitse6
- Value
- $105e6
- Qualifier
- 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreemente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e6“Profits with a 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreement were $105 and $21 ha −1 , respectively, for owner and tenant using tillage and 2,4-D”
Claim · model-written summary
Tenant profit with tillage and 2,4-D under a 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreement was $21 per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- tillage and 2,4-De6
- Outcome
- Profitse6
- Value
- $21e6
- Qualifier
- 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreemente6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e6“Profits with a 33:67 owner-tenant rental agreement were $105 and $21 ha −1 , respectively, for owner and tenant using tillage and 2,4-D”
Claim · model-written summary
Without field bindweed control, the tenant lost $33 per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- loste7
- Value
- $33e7
- Qualifier
- With no field bindweed control practicee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e7“With no field bindweed control practice, the tenant lost $33 ha −1 and the owner made $51 ha −1”
Claim · model-written summary
Without field bindweed control, the owner made $51 per hectare.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- madee7
- Value
- $51e7
- Qualifier
- With no field bindweed control practicee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This research compared seven field bindweed control treatments to a check in a 3-yr winter wheat-sorghum-fallow rotation”
e7“With no field bindweed control practice, the tenant lost $33 ha −1 and the owner made $51 ha −1”
The same questions in other papers
2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ
77 papers in the same direction as this paper · 34 in the opposite direction · 4 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
112 papers more in this group
See all 116 papers →picloram · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →imazapyr · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
tillage · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results
1,115 papers in the same direction as this paper · 257 in the opposite direction · 41 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
1,410 papers more in this group
See all 1,414 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.