Paper · 1991 · Weed Technology

Effects of Preplant Treatment Interval and Tillages on Herbicide Toxicity to Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Alex G. Ogg; Frank L. Young

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
15
citations
1
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 0.3 + 0.5 or 0.4 + 0.7 kg ae ha -1 applied 31 to 1 d before seeding did not affect wheat yields or grain test weights, in field experiments in conventionally tilled and no-till winter wheat. In the conventionally-tilled system in each of two years and in the no-till system in a year with 48 mm rain within 7 d before wheat was seeded, picloram applied at 0.14 kg ai ha -1 from 31 to 1 d before seeding reduced crop yields by 7 to 8%. In the conventionally-tilled system in a year with only 2 mm rain within 7 d before wheat was seeded, 2,4-D at 3.4 kg ae ha -1 and dicamba at 0.14 kg ae ha -1 applied 30 to 1 d before seeding, reduced wheat yields by 7 and 4%, respectively. Grain test weights in both tillage systems were increased slightly by picloram at 0.14 kg ha -1 , but were decreased slightly by dicamba at 0.14 kg ha -1 , in the year with little rain before sowing. Test weights did not differ among herbicides or tillage systems in the year with significant rain a few days before seeding.

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Claims 7

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Glyphosate plus 2,4-D did not affect wheat yields or grain test weights.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
Glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 0.3 + 0.5 or 0.4 + 0.7 kg ae ha -1e0
Outcome
wheat yields or grain test weightse0
Direction
did not affecte0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“Glyphosate plus 2,4-D at 0.3 + 0.5 or 0.4 + 0.7 kg ae ha -1 applied 31 to 1 d before seeding did not affect wheat yields or grain test weights”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–142 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Picloram reduced crop yields by 7 to 8% under specified tillage and rainfall conditions.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
picloram applied at 0.14 kg ai ha -1e0
Outcome
crop yieldse0
Direction
reducede0
Value
7 to 8%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“picloram applied at 0.14 kg ai ha -1 from 31 to 1 d before seeding reduced crop yields by 7 to 8%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 361–458 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

2,4-D reduced wheat yields by 7% in a dry pre-seeding year.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
2,4-D at 3.4 kg ae ha -1e0
Outcome
wheat yieldse0
Direction
reducede0
Value
7e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“2,4-D at 3.4 kg ae ha -1 and dicamba at 0.14 kg ae ha -1 applied 30 to 1 d before seeding, reduced wheat yields by 7 and 4%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 562–699 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dicamba reduced wheat yields by 4% in a dry pre-seeding year.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
dicamba at 0.14 kg ae ha -1e0
Outcome
wheat yieldse0
Direction
reducede0
Value
4%e0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“dicamba at 0.14 kg ae ha -1 applied 30 to 1 d before seeding, reduced wheat yields by 7 and 4%, respectively”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 591–699 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Picloram slightly increased grain test weight.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
picloram at 0.14 kg ha -1e0
Outcome
Grain test weightse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“Grain test weights in both tillage systems were increased slightly by picloram at 0.14 kg ha -1”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 701–796 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Dicamba slightly decreased grain test weight in the year with little rain.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment
dicamba at 0.14 kg ha -1e0
Outcome
decreased slightlye0
Direction
decreasede0
Qualifier
year with little rain before sowinge0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“were decreased slightly by dicamba at 0.14 kg ha -1 , in the year with little rain before sowing”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 803–899 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Grain test weights did not differ among herbicides or tillage systems in the rainy year.

Taxon
Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Outcome
Test weightse0
Direction
did not differe0
Comparator
herbicides or tillage systemse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Triticum aestivum
Triticum aestivum · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 77–109 · show in text ↑
e0

“Test weights did not differ among herbicides or tillage systems in the year with significant rain a few days before seeding”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 901–1024 · show in text ↑

glyphosate · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

37 papers: 20 positive, 17 negative or no effect

16 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

2,4-D · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Results differ

116 papers: 78 positive, 38 negative or no effect

37 papers in the same direction as this paper · 78 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

112 papers more in this group

See all 116 papers →

picloram · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

7 papers: 1 positive, 6 negative or no effect

5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. no effect

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

dicamba · yield · Triticum aestivum (wheat)Positive and negative results

21 papers: 7 positive, 14 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

17 papers more in this group

See all 21 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.