Paper · 1970 · HortScience

2, 4-D as an Air Pollutant: Effects on Market Quality of Several Horticultural Crops1

J. L. Weigle; E. L. Denisen; C. H. Sherwood

7
claims
14
verbatim quotes
12
citations
2
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by-nc-nd

Abstract

Abstract Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres. No differences in market quality were found with green beans and raspberries. Deformed fruit in strawberries, uneven berry ripening in grapes, and blotchy ripening and deformed fruit in tomatoes occurred in “2,4-D added” treatment but not in “charcoal-filtered” treatment, while “ambient” was generally intermediate. The amount of 2,4–D in the atmosphere also influenced yields of grapes and strawberries.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by-nc-nd. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 7

Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No differences in market quality were found for green beans.

Taxon
green beanse1
Outcome
market qualitye1
Direction
No differencese1
Setting
field plots under plastic-covered greenhousese0

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“No differences in market quality were found with green beans and raspberries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 173–249 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

No differences in market quality were found for raspberries.

Taxon
raspberriese1
Outcome
market qualitye1
Direction
No differencese1
Setting
field plots under plastic-covered greenhousese0

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“No differences in market quality were found with green beans and raspberries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 173–249 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Strawberries grown with added 2,4-D had deformed fruit compared with charcoal-filtered air.

Taxon
strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
Treatment
2,4-D addede1
Outcome
Deformed fruite1
Comparator
charcoal-filterede1
Setting
field plots under plastic-covered greenhousese0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Fragaria x ananassa
Fragaria ×ananassa · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“Deformed fruit in strawberries, uneven berry ripening in grapes, and blotchy ripening and deformed fruit in tomatoes occurred in “2,4-D added” treatment but not in “charcoal-filtered” treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 251–444 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Grapes grown with added 2,4-D had uneven berry ripening compared with charcoal-filtered air.

Taxon
grapese1
Treatment
2,4-D addede1
Outcome
uneven berry ripeninge1
Comparator
charcoal-filterede1
Setting
field plots under plastic-covered greenhousese0

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“Deformed fruit in strawberries, uneven berry ripening in grapes, and blotchy ripening and deformed fruit in tomatoes occurred in “2,4-D added” treatment but not in “charcoal-filtered” treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 251–444 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Tomatoes grown with added 2,4-D had blotchy ripening and deformed fruit compared with charcoal-filtered air.

Treatment
2,4-D addede1
Outcome
blotchy ripening and deformed fruite1
Comparator
charcoal-filterede1
Setting
field plots under plastic-covered greenhousese0

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum lycopersicum
Solanum lycopersicum · TaxonKod B · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“Deformed fruit in strawberries, uneven berry ripening in grapes, and blotchy ripening and deformed fruit in tomatoes occurred in “2,4-D added” treatment but not in “charcoal-filtered” treatment”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 251–444 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The amount of 2,4-D in the atmosphere was associated with yield of grapes.

Taxon
grapese1
Treatment
amount of 2,4–D in the atmospheree1
Outcome
yieldse1

Not reportedDirection

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“The amount of 2,4–D in the atmosphere also influenced yields of grapes and strawberries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 490–577 · show in text ↑
Associationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The amount of 2,4-D in the atmosphere was associated with yield of strawberries.

Taxon
strawberriesFragaria ×ananassae1
Treatment
amount of 2,4–D in the atmospheree1
Outcome
yieldse1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Fragaria x ananassa
Fragaria ×ananassa · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Crops were grown in field plots under plastic-covered greenhouses for 3 years under ambient, charcoal-filtered, and charcoal-filtered with 2,4-D added atmospheres”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 9–171 · show in text ↑
e1

“The amount of 2,4–D in the atmosphere also influenced yields of grapes and strawberries”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 490–577 · show in text ↑

2,4-D · quality: postharvest · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results

4 papers: 1 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative
See all 4 papers →

2,4-D · quality: postharvest · VitisResults agree

2 papers: 0 positive, 2 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

  1. negative
See all 2 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.