Paper · 2006 · Indian Journal of Agronomy

Efficacy of herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration rice (Oryza sativa) under sub-tropical conditions of Jammu

Amarjit S. Bali; Mahender Singh; Dileep Kachroo; et al.

11
claims
28
verbatim quotes
10
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice. Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT). However, through improvement in weed-control efficiency corresponding mean values being 69.6, 60.8 and 61.5%, enhanced the grain yield significantly by 67.6, 54.4 and 58.9%, respectively, over control. Among the herbicides, combination of anilophos and ethoxysulfuron proved most profitable with net returns of Rs 14,268/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 1:97.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 11

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron gave a mean grain yield of 48.1 q/ha that remained at par with two hand-weedings.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
anilophos + ethoxy sulfurone1
Outcome
mean grain yielde1
Direction
remained at pare1
Value
48.1e1
Comparator
2 hand-weedingse1
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor gave a mean grain yield of 44.3 q/ha that remained at par with two hand-weedings.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlore1
Outcome
mean grain yielde1
Direction
remained at pare1
Value
44.3e1
Comparator
2 hand-weedingse1
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Butachlor followed by metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl gave a mean grain yield of 45.6 q/ha that remained at par with two hand-weedings.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyle1
Outcome
mean grain yielde1
Direction
remained at pare1
Value
45.6e1
Comparator
2 hand-weedingse1
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron improved weed-control efficiency to 69.6%.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
anilophos + ethoxy sulfurone1
Outcome
weed-control efficiencye2
Direction
improvemente2
Value
69.6e2
Setting
Jammue0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e2

“However, through improvement in weed-control efficiency corresponding mean values being 69.6, 60.8 and 61.5%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 650–758 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor improved weed-control efficiency to 60.8%.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlore1
Outcome
weed-control efficiencye2
Direction
improvemente2
Value
60.8e2
Setting
Jammue0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e2

“However, through improvement in weed-control efficiency corresponding mean values being 69.6, 60.8 and 61.5%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 650–758 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Butachlor followed by metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl improved weed-control efficiency to 61.5%.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyle1
Outcome
weed-control efficiencye2
Direction
improvemente2
Value
61.5e2
Setting
Jammue0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e2

“However, through improvement in weed-control efficiency corresponding mean values being 69.6, 60.8 and 61.5%”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 650–758 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron increased grain yield by 67.6% over control.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
anilophos + ethoxy sulfurone1
Outcome
grain yielde3
Direction
enhancede3
Value
67.6e3
Comparator
controle3
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e3

“enhanced the grain yield significantly by 67.6, 54.4 and 58.9%, respectively, over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 760–850 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor increased grain yield by 54.4% over control.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlore1
Outcome
grain yielde3
Direction
enhancede3
Value
54.4e3
Comparator
controle3
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e3

“enhanced the grain yield significantly by 67.6, 54.4 and 58.9%, respectively, over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 760–850 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Butachlor followed by metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl increased grain yield by 58.9% over control.

Material
PC 19e0
Treatment
butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyle1
Outcome
grain yielde3
Direction
enhancede3
Value
58.9e3
Comparator
controle3
Setting
Jammue0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e1

“Herbicide combinations, viz. anilophos + ethoxy sulfuron (0.312 + 0.015 kg/ha) applied 10 days after transplanting (DAT) or metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor (0.004 + 0.938 kg/ha applied 3 DAT) or butachlor followed by (fb) metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl (0.938+0.004 kg/ha applied 3 DAT fb 21 DAT) with a mean grain yield of 48.1, 44.3 and 45.6 q/ha, respectively, remained at par with 2 hand-weedings (20 and 40 DAT)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 205–648 · show in text ↑
e3

“enhanced the grain yield significantly by 67.6, 54.4 and 58.9%, respectively, over control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 760–850 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Anilophos and ethoxysulfuron was the most profitable combination, with net returns of Rs 14,268/ha.

Treatment
combination of anilophos and ethoxysulfurone4
Outcome
net returnse4
Direction
most profitablee4
Value
Rs 14,268/hae4
Setting
Jammue0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e4

“combination of anilophos and ethoxysulfuron proved most profitable with net returns of Rs 14,268/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 1:97”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–1005 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Anilophos and ethoxysulfuron gave a benefit:cost ratio of 1:97.

Treatment
combination of anilophos and ethoxysulfurone4
Outcome
benefit: cost ratioe4
Value
1:97e4

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“A field experiment was conducted during the rainy season of 2001 and 2002 on sandy-loam soils of Jammu, to test the efficacy of different herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration ‘PC 19’ (‘Tawi’) rice”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–203 · show in text ↑
e4

“combination of anilophos and ethoxysulfuron proved most profitable with net returns of Rs 14,268/ha and benefit: cost ratio of 1:97”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 874–1005 · show in text ↑

butachlor · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

90 papers: 82 positive, 8 negative or no effect

81 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. negative
  3. negative

86 papers more in this group

See all 90 papers →

butachlor · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

97 papers: 90 positive, 7 negative or no effect

89 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

93 papers more in this group

See all 97 papers →

Ethoxysulfuron · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

37 papers: 33 positive, 4 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect
    Postemergence bispyribac tank mixes yielded comparably to listed sequential herbicides.

    Management of mixed weed flora in transplanted rice using herbicide combinations · 2016 · compared with sequential application of pendimethalin and bispyribac-Na or pretilachlor with either ethoxysulfuron or chlorimuron + metsulfuron (pre-mix)

    No difference from an alternative

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

Ethoxysulfuron · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

38 papers: 36 positive, 2 negative or no effect

35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

34 papers more in this group

See all 38 papers →

metsulfuron methyl · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

42 papers: 30 positive, 12 negative or no effect

29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 9 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

38 papers more in this group

See all 42 papers →

ethyl · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

7 papers: 7 positive, 0 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

3 papers more in this group

See all 7 papers →

ethyl · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

10 papers: 10 positive, 0 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

6 papers more in this group

See all 10 papers →

metsulfuron methyl · weed · Oryza sativa (rice)Results agree

43 papers: 43 positive, 0 negative or no effect

42 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

39 papers more in this group

See all 43 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.