Intervention effectmodel-written summary

The integrated weed management sequence gave the highest rice grain yield in both years.

A claim from Effect of brown manuring on grain yield and nutrient use efficiency in dry direct seeded kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.) · 2011

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The integrated weed management sequence gave the highest rice grain yield in both years.

Treatment
butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-plant surface application followed by practices of brown manuring and post-emergence application of 2, 4-D 0.50 kg/ha at 40 days after sowinge0
Outcome
grain yielde0
Direction
higheste0
Value
3.0 and 3.88 t/hae0

Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundOrgan / stageInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingQualifier

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Oryza sativa
Oryza sativa · Taxon · picture from its Wikimedia Commons categoryDesmanthus4food · CC BY-SA 3.0 us · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“Effect of brown manuring on grain yield and nutrient use efficiency in dry direct seeded kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 0–118
e0

“butachlor 1.5 kg/ha as pre-plant surface application followed by practices of brown manuring and post-emergence application of 2, 4-D 0.50 kg/ha at 40 days after sowing recorded highest grain yield (3.0 and 3.88 t/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 616–833

Title

Effect of brown manuring on grain yield and nutrient use efficiency in dry direct seeded kharif rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Swapan Kumar Maity; P. K. Mukherjee Indian Journal of Weed Science 2011

Other claims from this paper (6)

Record rev-591e7cf2e8f0701ab26599aee58c044dbae043b80c71f2639c35251018c982c3 · schema claims-v0.9 · position 1 in the model’s answer

butachlor · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Results differ

90 papers: 82 positive, 8 negative or no effect

81 papers in the same direction as this claim · 5 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
    Metsulfuron-methyl + chlonimuron ethyl + butachlor increased grain yield by 54.4% over control.

    Efficacy of herbicides in transplanted, medium-duration rice (Oryza sativa) under sub-tropical conditions of Jammu · 2006 · compared with control

    Same directionCited by this paper

  2. negative
    The number of rice tillers of Zhengdao 2 declined at 3-10 days after butachlor treatment.

    Effective duration of pesticide-induced susceptibility of rice to brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugensStål, Homoptera: Delphacidae), and physiological and biochemical changes in rice plants following pesticide application · 2004

    Opposite direction

  3. negative
    Butachlor gave lower boro rice grain yield than the other treatments.

    COMPARATIVE EFFICACY OF HERBICIDES IN WEED CONTROL AND ENHANCEMENT OF PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF RICE · 2017 · compared with the others

    Opposite direction

  4. negative
    Sequential Butachlor then Almix gave a slightly lower grain yield of 4.70t./ha.

    Effectiveness of Different Weedicides on Weed Biomass, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Rice · 2013

    Opposite direction

  5. negative
    Butachlor treatment gave lower grain yield.

    Efficacy of herbicide molecules to control composite weed flora in transplanted Paddy for Kodagu region · 2018

    Opposite direction

  6. negative
    Butachlor plus penoxsulam at 7 DAS resulted in 17% rice yield reduction.

    Efficacy of pre-emergence herbicides in managing weedy rice in wet-seeded rice · 2025

    Opposite direction

  7. no effect
    Butachlor 1.5 kg/ha with hand weeding gave a grain yield statistically similar to that of pretilachlor 1.0 kg/ha with hand weeding.

    Weed Control in Direct Seeded Puddled Rice · 1998 · compared with pretilachlor 1.0 kg/ha in combination with hand weeding

    No difference from an alternative

  8. no effect
    The listed herbicide treatments produced rice tillers and grain yield similar to season long weed free plots.

    Evaluation of Alkombo and Tank Mixture of Almix+Butachlorfor the Control of Weeds in Transplanted Rice · 2003 · compared with plot kept weed free for the whole season

    No difference from an alternative

81 papers more in this group

See all 90 papers →

2,4-D · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

62 papers: 52 positive, 10 negative or no effect

51 papers in the same direction as this claim · 9 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
    Rice yields under the mixture were statistically similar to regional weed control treatment.

    Control de malezas en arroz de temporal con clomazone, solo y en mezcla con propanil y 2,4-D. · 2006 · compared with weed control regional treatment

    Opposite direction

  2. negative
    The amine salt of 2,4-D applied on the day of planting reduced rice grain yield in all trials.

    Rice (Oryza sativa) Response to Soil Residues of Selected Herbicides · 1997

    Opposite direction

  3. no effect
    2,4-D or metsulfuron methyl could incorporate dhaincha without affecting yield.

    Direct and residual effect of concurrent growing of dhaincha (Sesbania aculeata) in wet-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) on the productivity of rice–rice cropping system · 2010

    Opposite direction

  4. no effect
    Rice yields under clomazone treatments were statistically similar to regional controls.

    Control de malezas en arroz de temporal con clomazone, propanil y 2,4-D. · 2006 · compared with regional controls

    Opposite direction

  5. negative
    BRRI dhan57 lost yield under 2,4-D amine.

    Response of Transplanted Aman Rice Varieties to Herbicides in Strip-Tilled Non-Puddled Soil · 2017

    Opposite direction

  6. negative
    In 1994, chlorimuron or the tested mixtures gave significantly lower paddy yield than butachlor or higher-dose anilofos.

    Performance of Tank Mixture of Chlorimuron and Anilofos to Control Weeds in Transplanted Rice · 1997 · compared with butachlor at 1500 g/ha or anilofos at 400 g/ha

    Opposite direction

  7. negative
    2, 4-D gave significantly lower grain yield of rice than other treatments.

    Effect of Weed Control Methods on Growth and Yield of Unpuddled Rice1 · 1984 · compared with other treatments

    Opposite direction

  8. no effect
    The fall pyroxasulfone plus 2,4-D treatment did not reduce rice yield.

    The Impact of Herbicide-Resistant Rice and Hybrid Rice Technology on Weedy Rice Evolution · 2015

    Opposite direction

53 papers more in this group

See all 62 papers →

herbicide · yield · Oryza sativa (rice)Positive and negative results

802 papers: 725 positive, 77 negative or no effect

724 papers in the same direction as this claim · 57 in the opposite direction · 20 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
    Weed control treatments produced 21 to 43% higher rice grain yield than weedy plots.

    Efficacy of crop establishment techniques and weed control measures on weed dynamics, weed control efficiency and productivity in rice (Oryza sativa) · 2017 · compared with weedy plots

    Same directionCites this paper

  2. positive
    Pendimethalin followed by Sesbania brown manuring significantly increased rice grain yield to 2.78 t/ha.

    Influence of nitrogen and weed-management practices on crop-growth indices and productivity of dry direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa) · 2023 · compared with other treatments

    Same directionCites this paper

  3. no effect
    Weeding every 14 days did not increase rice grain yield.

    Weeds in slash‐and‐burn rice fields in northern Laos · 1997

    Opposite direction

  4. negative
    The non-allelopathic variety showed a grain yield reduction of up to 45-60% even with the low-dose herbicide application.

    Effect of allelopathic rice varieties combined with cultural management options on paddy field weeds · 2008

    Opposite direction

  5. negative
    Herbicide carryover reduced IRGA 417 grain yield by up to 55% when drilled 371 days after application.

    Carryover of Imazethapyr and Imazapic to Nontolerant Rice · 2010

    Opposite direction

  6. negative
    Late postemergence application at 7.9 and 4 g/ha reduced rice yield by 39 and 16%.

    Corn and Rice Response to Simulated Drift of Imazethapyr Plus Imazapyr · 2006

    Opposite direction

  7. negative
    Each day of delay in weeding created an average yield loss of 5.3 g m-2.

    Yields and Yield Gaps in Lowland Rice Systems and Options to Improve Smallholder Production · 2022

    Opposite direction

  8. negative
    PRE clomazone caused lower grain yield than DPRE.

    Response of Rice and Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) to Rates and Timings of Clomazone · 2005 · compared with DPRE timings

    Opposite direction

793 papers more in this group

See all 802 papers →

3 of 4 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.