Abstract
Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates of a commercial premix of imazethapyr plus imazapyr [3:1 (w/w)]. Drift rates of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix represented 0.8, 1.6, 3.2, 6.3, and 12.5% of the usage rate of 63 g ai/ha (0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 7.9 g/ha, respectively). The imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied to six-leaf corn at 7.9 g/ha reduced height 11% compared with the nontreated control 7 days after treatment (DAT) but did not affect corn height 14 and 28 DAT. Corn yield was equivalent regardless of imazethapyr plus imazapyr rate and ranged from 10,200 to 11,500 kg/ha. At 28 DAT, rice height was reduced 12% when 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied early postemergence (EPOST) at two- to three-leaf and 14 and 5% when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, was applied late postemergence (LPOST) at panicle differentiation. Reductions in mature rice height of 11 and 6% were observed when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, and a 5% reduction was observed for 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied EPOST. Application of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix EPOST at 7.9 g/ha delayed heading in only 1 yr, but heading was delayed both years when applied LPOST. Rice yield was reduced 39 and 16% when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, compared with a 9% yield reduction for 7.9 g/ha applied EPOST.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 g/ha reduced corn height by 11% relative to the nontreated control 7 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse1 - Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied to six-leaf corn at 7.9 g/hae1
- Outcome
- heighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 11%e1
- Qualifier
- 7 days after treatmente1
- Comparator
- nontreated controle1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“The imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied to six-leaf corn at 7.9 g/ha reduced height 11% compared with the nontreated control 7 days after treatment (DAT) but did not affect corn height 14 and 28 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
The same premix at 7.9 g/ha did not affect corn height at 14 and 28 days after treatment.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied to six-leaf corn at 7.9 g/hae1
- Outcome
- corn heighte1
- Direction
- did not affecte1
- Qualifier
- 14 and 28 DATe1
- Comparator
- nontreated controle1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“The imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied to six-leaf corn at 7.9 g/ha reduced height 11% compared with the nontreated control 7 days after treatment (DAT) but did not affect corn height 14 and 28 DAT”
Claim · model-written summary
Corn yield was equivalent across imazethapyr plus imazapyr rates, between 10,200 and 11,500 kg/ha.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr ratee1
- Outcome
- Corn yielde1
- Direction
- equivalente1
- Value
- 10,200 to 11,500 kg/hae1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Corn yield was equivalent regardless of imazethapyr plus imazapyr rate and ranged from 10,200 to 11,500 kg/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 g/ha applied early postemergence reduced rice height by 12% at 28 DAT.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Organ / stage
- two- to three-leafe1
- Treatment
- 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premixe1
- Outcome
- rice heighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 12%e1
- Qualifier
- 28 DATe1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“At 28 DAT, rice height was reduced 12% when 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied early postemergence (EPOST) at two- to three-leaf”
Claim · model-written summary
Imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 and 4 g/ha applied late postemergence reduced rice height by 14 and 5% at 28 DAT.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Organ / stage
- panicle differentiatione1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 and 4 g/hae1
- Outcome
- rice heighte1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 14 and 5%e1
- Qualifier
- 28 DATe1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“At 28 DAT, rice height was reduced 12% when 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied early postemergence (EPOST) at two- to three-leaf and 14 and 5% when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, was applied late postemergence (LPOST) at panicle differentiation”
Claim · model-written summary
Late postemergence application at 7.9 and 4 g/ha reduced mature rice height by 11 and 6%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/hae1
- Outcome
- mature rice heighte1
- Direction
- Reductionse1
- Value
- 11 and 6%e1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Reductions in mature rice height of 11 and 6% were observed when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, and a 5% reduction was observed for 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Early postemergence application at 7.9 g/ha reduced mature rice height by 5%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied EPOSTe1
- Outcome
- mature rice heighte1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 5%e1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Reductions in mature rice height of 11 and 6% were observed when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, and a 5% reduction was observed for 7.9 g/ha of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix applied EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Early postemergence application at 7.9 g/ha delayed rice heading in only one year.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix EPOST at 7.9 g/hae1
- Outcome
- headinge1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Qualifier
- in only 1 yre1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Application of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix EPOST at 7.9 g/ha delayed heading in only 1 yr, but heading was delayed both years when applied LPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Late postemergence application of the premix delayed rice heading in both years.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premixe1
- Outcome
- headinge1
- Direction
- delayede1
- Qualifier
- both yearse1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Application of the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix EPOST at 7.9 g/ha delayed heading in only 1 yr, but heading was delayed both years when applied LPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Late postemergence application at 7.9 and 4 g/ha reduced rice yield by 39 and 16%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/hae1
- Outcome
- Rice yielde1
- Direction
- reducede1
- Value
- 39 and 16%e1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Rice yield was reduced 39 and 16% when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, compared with a 9% yield reduction for 7.9 g/ha applied EPOST”
Claim · model-written summary
Early postemergence application at 7.9 g/ha reduced rice yield by 9%.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- 7.9 g/ha applied EPOSTe1
- Outcome
- Rice yielde1
- Direction
- reductione1
- Value
- 9%e1
- Setting
- Field researche0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Field research was conducted for 2 yr to evaluate response of corn and rice to simulated drift rates”
e1“Rice yield was reduced 39 and 16% when the imazethapyr plus imazapyr premix was applied LPOST at 7.9 and 4 g/ha, respectively, compared with a 9% yield reduction for 7.9 g/ha applied EPOST”
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8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.