Abstract
Helianthus tuberosus has been known to inhibit the growth of weeds and other plants sharing its habitat. This study was conducted to identify the allelochemicals of Helianthus tuberosus which were extracted with water and solvents. Aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, root, tuber and tuber peel of Helianthus tuberosus except tuber did not show significant differences in phytotoxicity to alfalfa seedlings. It was considered that Helianthus tuberosus contained fewer or less potential water-soluble substances that were toxic to alfalfa. Methanol extract of leaves of Helianthus tuberosus was sequentially partitioned in increasing polarity with n-hexane, ethylacetate and n-butanol. Each extract had a yield of 148, 12, 15.7 and 9.5g, respectively. Inhibitory effects on germination of alfalfa seeds treated with four fractions were not significantly different. But the significant reductions on hypocotyl length were observed for all the solvent extracts. Among the four fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed the most significant inhibition effect on bioassay with alfalfa. Further separation of the active ethylacetate fraction by open column chromatography led to the 25 subfractions. In bioassay of each sub-fraction with alfalfa seeds, sub-fraction No. 13 showed the most inhibitory effect on seedling growth. H NMR and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed that sub-fraction No. 13 was the mixture of straight-chain saturated fatty acids.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Water extracts of Jerusalem artichoke organs except tubers did not differ significantly in phytotoxicity to alfalfa seedlings.
- Taxon
- alfalfa
Medicago sativae1 - Treatment
- Aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, root, tuber and tuber peel of Helianthus tuberosuse1
- Interactor
- Helianthus tuberosus
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Helianthus tuberosuse1other - Outcome
- phytotoxicity to alfalfa seedlingse1
- Direction
- did not show significant differencese1
- Comparator
- except tubere1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“Aqueous extracts of leaf, stem, root, tuber and tuber peel of Helianthus tuberosus except tuber did not show significant differences in phytotoxicity to alfalfa seedlings.”
Claim · model-written summary
Four leaf extract fractions did not differ significantly in their inhibition of alfalfa germination.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- four fractionse1
- Outcome
- germination of alfalfa seedse1
- Direction
- not significantly differente1
- Comparator
- four fractionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Inhibitory effects on germination of alfalfa seeds treated with four fractions were not significantly different.”
Claim · model-written summary
All solvent extracts significantly reduced alfalfa hypocotyl length.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae2
- Treatment
- all the solvent extractse1
- Outcome
- hypocotyl lengthe1
- Direction
- reductionse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“the significant reductions on hypocotyl length were observed for all the solvent extracts”
e2“alfalfa seeds treated with four fractions”
Claim · model-written summary
The ethylacetate fraction gave the strongest inhibition in the alfalfa bioassay.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- ethylacetate fractione1
- Outcome
- inhibition effect on bioassaye1
- Direction
- most significant inhibitione1
- Comparator
- four fractionse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Among the four fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed the most significant inhibition effect on bioassay with alfalfa.”
Claim · model-written summary
Subfraction 13 gave the strongest inhibition of alfalfa seedling growth.
- Taxon
- alfalfaMedicago sativae1
- Treatment
- sub-fraction No. 13e1
- Outcome
- seedling growthe1
- Direction
- most inhibitorye1
- Comparator
- each sub-fractione1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In bioassay of each sub-fraction with alfalfa seeds, sub-fraction No. 13 showed the most inhibitory effect on seedling growth.”
Claim · model-written summary
Subfraction 13 contained a mixture of straight-chain saturated fatty acids.
- Taxon
- Helianthus tuberosusHelianthus tuberosuse2
- Material
- sub-fraction No. 13e1
- Outcome
- mixture of straight-chain saturated fatty acidse1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“sub-fraction No. 13 was the mixture of straight-chain saturated fatty acids”
e2“Methanol extract of leaves of Helianthus tuberosus was sequentially partitioned”
The same questions in other papers
ethyl acetate · disease · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- negative
botanical · growth · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Results differ
58 papers in the same direction as this paper · 42 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 101 papers →botanical · crop injury · Medicago sativa (alfalfa)Positive and negative results
1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.