Abstract
Callus of two grapevine cultivars was cultivated for 4 weeks on MS-medium, half strength, which was additionally supplemented with abscisic acid (ABA), (+)-catechin or a combination of both. (+)-Catechin did not elevate the pool size of the callus flavanols. Application of 3 % sucrose caused a significant increase of the callus flavanols, whereas the response to ABA was quite variable. Leaves and shoots of cv. Spatburgunder (Pinot noir) were examined histologically on the mode of flavanol deposition. The flavanols of the leaf mesophyll were spread evenly throughout the central vacuole whereas those of the outer shoot cortex were confined to special intravacuolar globules. The amorphous leaf flavanols were converted into globdar ones in the vicinity of fungal infections. Apparently, the central vacuole acquires special adjustment under the influence of infection stress. When paraquat was applied to the shoots, amorphous material was attached towards the cell walls. Additionally, the globular flavanols disappeared which could be reversed by addition of (+)-catechin. Thus, (+)-catechin diminished the oxidative damage caused by the oxygen radical producing herbicide. (+)-Catechin and epicatechin are the dominant flavanols of the leaves, whereas the dimeric proanthocyanidins B3 and B1 (PAs) predominate in the callus.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
(+)-Catechin did not elevate grapevine callus flavanols.
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“(+)-Catechin did not elevate the pool size of the callus flavanols”
Claim · model-written summary
3 % sucrose significantly increased grapevine callus flavanols.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“Application of 3 % sucrose caused a significant increase of the callus flavanols”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine callus flavanol response to ABA was variable.
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“the response to ABA was quite variable”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf mesophyll flavanols in grapevine were evenly distributed through the central vacuole.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“The flavanols of the leaf mesophyll were spread evenly throughout the central vacuole”
Claim · model-written summary
Outer shoot cortex flavanols in grapevine were confined to intravacuolar globules.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“those of the outer shoot cortex were confined to special intravacuolar globules”
Claim · model-written summary
Grapevine leaf flavanols changed from amorphous to globular near fungal infections.
- Organ / stage
- leafe0
- Outcome
- converted into globdar onese0
- Qualifier
- in the vicinity of fungal infectionse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“The amorphous leaf flavanols were converted into globdar ones in the vicinity of fungal infections”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that infection stress adjusts the grapevine central vacuole.
- Outcome
- central vacuole acquires special adjustmente0
- Qualifier
- under the influence of infection stresse0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“the central vacuole acquires special adjustment under the influence of infection stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Paraquat application attached amorphous material toward grapevine shoot cell walls.
- Organ / stage
- shootse0
- Treatment
- paraquate0
- Outcome
- amorphous material was attached towards the cell wallse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“When paraquat was applied to the shoots, amorphous material was attached towards the cell walls”
Claim · model-written summary
Globular flavanols disappeared after paraquat treatment in grapevine shoots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“When paraquat was applied to the shoots, amorphous material was attached towards the cell walls. Additionally, the globular flavanols disappeared”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding (+)-catechin reversed the disappearance of globular flavanols in grapevine shoots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“the globular flavanols disappeared which could be reversed by addition of (+)-catechin”
Claim · model-written summary
(+)-Catechin diminished paraquat-associated oxidative damage in grapevine.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“(+)-catechin diminished the oxidative damage caused by the oxygen radical producing herbicide”
Claim · model-written summary
(+)-Catechin and epicatechin were dominant flavanols in grapevine leaves.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“(+)-Catechin and epicatechin are the dominant flavanols of the leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimeric proanthocyanidins B3 and B1 predominated in grapevine callus.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“grapevine”
e0“the dimeric proanthocyanidins B3 and B1 (PAs) predominate in the callus”
The same questions in other papers
catechin · growth · VitisPositive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
sucrose · growth · VitisPositive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.