Abstract
1,3-Dichloropropene (1,3-D) and nonfumigant nematicides were evaluated for control of Meloidogyne spp. and soil and foliar insects in a tobacco pest management system. In a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density (root gall index 4.0 to 4.5 on a 0 to 10 scale in untreated controls), tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control. In fields with a low population density of Meloidogyne arenaria or M. incognita (root gall index 2.3 to 2.5 in untreated controls), yields ranged from 1,714 to 2,027 kg/ha and were not altered by fumigant or nonfumigant nematicide application. Carbofuran, a soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticide, reduced the number of foliar insecticide applications required to keep insect populations below treatment threshold (3.8 vs. 4.5, respectively, for treated vs. untreated). Carbofuran reduced the cost ($23/ha) of foliar insecticide treatments when compared to an untreated control. Although nonfumigant nematicides provided some soil and foliar insect control, the cost of using a fumigant plus a lower insecticidal rate of a soil insecticide/nematicide was comparable to the least expensive non-fumigant nematicide when the cost of foliar insecticide applications was included in the cost estimates. Savings in foliar insecticide cost by use of soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticides were small ($23/ha) in comparison to potential value reductions by root-knot nematodes when the nonfumigant nematicides fenamiphos or ethoprop ($578/ha and $851/ha, respectively) were used instead of 1,3-D.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
The 1,3-D application increased tobacco yield by 482 kg/ha over an untreated control in a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume2 - Treatment
- 1, 3-De2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogynee1pest - Outcome
- tobacco yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 482 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
- Setting
- a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population densitye1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_penetrates_a_tomato_root_-_USDA-ARS.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e1“In a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density”
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenamiphos increased tobacco yield by 326 kg/ha over an untreated control in a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- fenamiphose2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pest
- Outcome
- tobacco yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 326 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density”
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethoprop increased tobacco yield by 252 kg/ha over an untreated control in a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- ethoprope2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne spp.Meloidogynee1pest
- Outcome
- tobacco yieldse2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- 252 kg/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“In a field with a high Meloidogyne spp. population density”
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
The 1,3-D application increased tobacco crop value by $1,784/ha over an untreated control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- 1, 3-De2
- Outcome
- crop valuese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- $1,784/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Fenamiphos increased tobacco crop value by $1,206/ha over an untreated control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- fenamiphose2
- Outcome
- crop valuese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- $1,206/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethoprop increased tobacco crop value by $933/ha over an untreated control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume2
- Treatment
- ethoprope2
- Outcome
- crop valuese2
- Direction
- increasede2
- Value
- $933/hae2
- Comparator
- untreated controle2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“tobacco yields and crop values increased (482 kg/ha and $1,784/ha for 1, 3-D; 326 kg/ha and $1,206/ha for fenamiphos; 252 kg/ha and $933/ha for ethoprop) with nematicide application over an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
Fumigant or nonfumigant nematicide application did not alter tobacco yields in fields with a low Meloidogyne population density.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- fumigant or nonfumigant nematicide applicatione3
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne arenaria
.jpg?width=60)
Meloidogyne arenariae3pest - Second interactor
- M. incognitaMeloidogyne incognitae3pest
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- not alterede3
- Value
- 1,714 to 2,027 kg/hae3
- Comparator
- untreated controlse3
- Setting
- fields with a low population densitye3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e3“In fields with a low population density of Meloidogyne arenaria or M. incognita (root gall index 2.3 to 2.5 in untreated controls), yields ranged from 1,714 to 2,027 kg/ha and were not altered by fumigant or nonfumigant nematicide application”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran reduced the number of foliar insecticide applications needed to keep insect populations below threshold (3.8 vs. 4.5).
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- Carbofurane4
- Interactor
- insecte4pest
- Outcome
- number of foliar insecticide applicationse4
- Direction
- reducede4
- Value
- 3.8 vs. 4.5e4
- Comparator
- untreatede4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e4“Carbofuran, a soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticide, reduced the number of foliar insecticide applications required to keep insect populations below treatment threshold (3.8 vs. 4.5, respectively, for treated vs. untreated)”
Claim · model-written summary
Carbofuran reduced the cost of foliar insecticide treatments by $23/ha compared with an untreated control.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- Carbofurane5
- Outcome
- coste5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- $23/hae5
- Comparator
- an untreated controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e5“Carbofuran reduced the cost ($23/ha) of foliar insecticide treatments when compared to an untreated control”
Claim · model-written summary
A fumigant plus a lower insecticidal rate of a soil insecticide/nematicide had a cost comparable to the least expensive nonfumigant nematicide when foliar insecticide costs were included.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- a fumigant plus a lower insecticidal rate of a soil insecticide/nematicidee6
- Outcome
- coste6
- Direction
- comparablee6
- Qualifier
- when the cost of foliar insecticide applications was included in the cost estimatese6
- Comparator
- the least expensive non-fumigant nematicidee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e6“the cost of using a fumigant plus a lower insecticidal rate of a soil insecticide/nematicide was comparable to the least expensive non-fumigant nematicide when the cost of foliar insecticide applications was included in the cost estimates”
Claim · model-written summary
Potential value reductions by root-knot nematodes with fenamiphos or ethoprop, compared with 1,3-D, were $578/ha and $851/ha.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- fenamiphos or ethoprope7
- Interactor
- root-knot nematodesMeloidogynee7pest
- Outcome
- potential value reductions by root-knot nematodese7
- Direction
- reductionse7
- Value
- $578/ha and $851/hae7
- Comparator
- 1,3-De7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e7“potential value reductions by root-knot nematodes when the nonfumigant nematicides fenamiphos or ethoprop ($578/ha and $851/ha, respectively) were used instead of 1,3-D”
Claim · model-written summary
Savings in foliar insecticide cost from soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticides were small ($23/ha).
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0
- Treatment
- soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticidese7
- Outcome
- Savings in foliar insecticide coste7
- Direction
- smalle7
- Value
- $23/hae7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in a tobacco pest management system”
e7“Savings in foliar insecticide cost by use of soil-applied nonfumigant nematicide/insecticides were small ($23/ha)”
The same questions in other papers
carbofuran · yield · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results differ
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →ethoprophos · Meloidogyne · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- negative
fumigant · Meloidogyne arenaria · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
fenamiphos · Meloidogyne · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
insecticide · Meloidogyne arenaria · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
2 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
insecticide · yield · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
4 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 reporting no difference from an alternative
- positive
- positive
- positive
6 papers more in this group
See all 10 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.