Abstract
Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs) produce a similar pattern of inhibition of elongation, induction of swelling in the elongation zone, depolarization of cell enlargement, and induction of multiple nuclei in corn seedling roots. However, a 1000-fold higher concentration of colchicine is needed to produce effects quantitatively similar to those of oryzalin. Both colchicine- and DNH-inhibition of elongation start at about 3 hr. Since these compounds cause swelling and inhibition of elongation in γ-seedling roots, segments from the root elongation zone and intact roots in the presence of cell division inhibitors (all growing without cell division), it appears that the inhibition of root elongation is caused in part by their effect on cell elongation independent of their effect on cell division. Since the growth (increase in fresh weight) of γ-seedling roots and excised root segments is not inhibited by these compounds, their effect on the polarity of cell enlargement must be fairly specific. Unlike colchicine, oryzalin applied to the roots did not cause any significant, visible effect on shoot (mesocotyl and coleoptile) growth. These organs are not resistant to oryzalin, for the IAA-induced elongation of coleoptile segments is inhibited when they are floated in oryzalin solutions. As expected, when coleoptile segments are incubated in 14C-oryzalin, it is taken up rapidly and not degraded. The failure of root-applied oryzalin to affect seedling shoot growth is due to lack of transport to the shoots.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine and dinitroaniline herbicides inhibited corn root elongation.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Organ / stage
- corn seedling rootse0
- Treatment
- Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs)e0
- Outcome
- elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs) produce a similar pattern of inhibition of elongation, induction of swelling in the elongation zone, depolarization of cell enlargement, and induction of multiple nuclei in corn seedling roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both treatments caused root swelling and altered cell enlargement polarity.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Organ / stage
- corn seedling rootse0
- Treatment
- Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs)e0
- Outcome
- swelling in the elongation zone, depolarization of cell enlargemente0
- Direction
- inductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs) produce a similar pattern of inhibition of elongation, induction of swelling in the elongation zone, depolarization of cell enlargement, and induction of multiple nuclei in corn seedling roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both treatments induced multiple nuclei in corn roots.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs)e0
- Outcome
- multiple nucleie0
- Direction
- inductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colchicine and a variety of dinitroaniline herbicides (DNHs) produce a similar pattern of inhibition of elongation, induction of swelling in the elongation zone, depolarization of cell enlargement, and induction of multiple nuclei in corn seedling roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Colchicine needed a 1000-fold higher concentration than oryzalin for quantitatively similar effects.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- colchicinee0
- Outcome
- concentration of colchicinee0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1000-folde0
- Comparator
- oryzaline0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a 1000-fold higher concentration of colchicine is needed to produce effects quantitatively similar to those of oryzalin.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Inhibition of elongation began at about 3 hr for both treatments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- inhibition of elongatione0
- Value
- about 3 hre0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Both colchicine- and DNH-inhibition of elongation start at about 3 hr.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors inferred that effects on cell elongation partly caused root elongation inhibition independently of cell division.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- inhibition of root elongatione0
- Qualifier
- effect on cell elongation independent of their effect on cell divisione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the inhibition of root elongation is caused in part by their effect on cell elongation independent of their effect on cell division.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Fresh-weight growth of treated roots and excised segments was not inhibited.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- these compoundse0
- Outcome
- growth (increase in fresh weight) of γ-seedling roots and excised root segmentse0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth (increase in fresh weight) of γ-seedling roots and excised root segments is not inhibited by these compounds”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Root-applied oryzalin had no significant visible effect on shoot growth.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- oryzalin applied to the rootse0
- Outcome
- shoot (mesocotyl and coleoptile) growthe0
- Direction
- did not cause any significant, visible effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“oryzalin applied to the roots did not cause any significant, visible effect on shoot (mesocotyl and coleoptile) growth.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Oryzalin inhibited IAA-induced elongation of coleoptile segments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Treatment
- oryzalin solutionse0
- Outcome
- IAA-induced elongation of coleoptile segmentse0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the IAA-induced elongation of coleoptile segments is inhibited when they are floated in oryzalin solutions.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
Coleoptile segments rapidly took up 14C-oryzalin.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Organ / stage
- coleoptile segmentse0
- Outcome
- 14C-oryzalin, it is taken up rapidlye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when coleoptile segments are incubated in 14C-oryzalin, it is taken up rapidly and not degraded.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The absorbed oryzalin was not degraded in coleoptile segments.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Organ / stage
- coleoptile segmentse0
- Outcome
- not degradede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“when coleoptile segments are incubated in 14C-oryzalin, it is taken up rapidly and not degraded.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attributed the lack of shoot response to lack of oryzalin transport to shoots.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse1
- Outcome
- failure of root-applied oryzalin to affect seedling shoot growthe0
- Qualifier
- lack of transport to the shootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The failure of root-applied oryzalin to affect seedling shoot growth is due to lack of transport to the shoots.”
e1“corn seedling roots”
The same questions in other papers
colchicine · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
1 in the opposite direction
- positive
oryzalin · growth · Zea mays (maize)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- no effect
herbicide · molecular: metabolites · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
12 papers in the same direction as this paper · 18 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
27 papers more in this group
See all 31 papers →herbicide · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 86 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
139 papers more in this group
See all 143 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.