Abstract
Chromium (Cr)-induced oxidative damage and changes in contents of chlorophyll, protein, peroxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) and activities of enzymatic antioxidants were investigated in 4-day-old green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) seedlings. Cr increased the contents of peroxide and MDA but decreased the contents of chlorophyll and proteins. Cr reduced the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), but increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in green gram leaves. Lipid peroxidation is considered to be an important mechanism of Cr-induced oxidative damage in green gram leaves. The peroxidation of lipids can be initiated by free radicals. The effects of Crinduced oxidative damage and increase in the contents of peroxide and MDA in green gram leaves can be minimized by pretreatment with ascorbic acid (AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) or both.
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium increased peroxide and MDA contents in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gram
.jpg?width=60)
Vigna radiata var. radiatat0 - Material
- cv. Wilczekt0
- Organ / stage
- leavest0
- Treatment
- Cre1
- Outcome
- contents of peroxide and MDAe1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e1“Cr increased the contents of peroxide and MDA but decreased the contents of chlorophyll and proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium decreased chlorophyll and protein contents in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Material
- cv. Wilczekt0
- Organ / stage
- leavest0
- Treatment
- Cre1
- Outcome
- contents of chlorophyll and proteinse1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e1“Cr increased the contents of peroxide and MDA but decreased the contents of chlorophyll and proteins”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium reduced catalase and glutathione reductase activities in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Material
- cv. Wilczekt0
- Organ / stage
- leavest0
- Treatment
- Cre2
- Outcome
- activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR)e2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e2“Cr reduced the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), but increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in green gram leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Chromium increased superoxide dismutase activity in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Material
- cv. Wilczekt0
- Organ / stage
- leavest0
- Treatment
- Cre2
- Outcome
- activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD)e2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e2“Cr reduced the activities of catalase (CAT) and glutathione reductase (GR), but increased the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in green gram leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Lipid peroxidation is considered an important mechanism of Cr-induced oxidative damage in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Outcome
- oxidative damagee3
- Qualifier
- Lipid peroxidatione3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e3“Lipid peroxidation is considered to be an important mechanism of Cr-induced oxidative damage in green gram leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Pretreatment with ascorbic acid and reduced glutathione, alone or together, can minimize Cr-induced oxidative damage and the increase in peroxide and MDA in green gram leaves.
- Taxon
- green gramVigna radiata var. radiatat0
- Treatment
- pretreatment with ascorbic acid (AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) or bothe4
- Outcome
- effects of Crinduced oxidative damagee4
- Direction
- minimizede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“green gram (Vigna radiata L. cv. Wilczek) leaves”
e4“The effects of Crinduced oxidative damage and increase in the contents of peroxide and MDA in green gram leaves can be minimized by pretreatment with ascorbic acid (AA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) or both”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.