Abstract
Young tomato plants were exposed to two weeks of chilling under non-photoinhibiting or mild photoinhibiting conditions. The development of the leaves was studied under chilling and control conditions by measuring several physiological parameters. A gradual decrease of the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus with maturation and ageing occurred in unchilled plants. This was reflected by gradual changes in CO2-saturated photosynthesis and protein and rubisco contents. Except for senescing leaves, a correlation close to 1 : 1 was observed between maximum rubisco activity and CO2-saturated photosynthesis. Chlorophyll (Chl) contents and photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching showed strong decreases only in the last phase of senescence in the oldest leaves. In plants chilled under non-photoinhibiting conditions (10°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1 or 6°C, 30–50 μE m-2 s−1), a similar pattern of ageing was observed, and no indications were found for an induction of protein or rubisco degradation by chilling. Since these plants stopped growing in the cold, they revealed lower total photosynthetic capacities than unchilled plants of the same size. When the chilling conditions were mildly photoinhibitory (6°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1), a much stronger depression of rubisco activity and photosynthetic capacity was found in all leaves, which was partly reversible in the young ones. This decrease in CO2fixation capacity, in turn, led to a higher susceptibility of the chilled plants to photoinhibition at 20°C. It is concluded that the decrease of both photosynthetic capacity and growth after long-term chilling in tomato is a consequence of the preceeding ageing and senescing of the leaves during chilling, in contrast to chilling-tolerant species with the ability for acclimation to low temperatures.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Photosynthetic efficiency gradually declined with maturation and ageing in unchilled plants.
- Taxon
- plantsViridiplantaee0
- Outcome
- efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatuse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- maturation and ageinge0
Verbatim
e0“A gradual decrease of the efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus with maturation and ageing occurred in unchilled plants.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum rubisco activity and CO2-saturated photosynthesis correlated near 1:1 except in senescing leaves.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Gene
- rubiscoe0
- Outcome
- CO2-saturated photosynthesise0
- Value
- 1 : 1e0
- Qualifier
- Except for senescing leavese0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Except for senescing leaves, a correlation close to 1 : 1 was observed between maximum rubisco activity and CO2-saturated photosynthesis.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Chlorophyll content declined strongly only late in senescence of the oldest leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- oldest leavese0
- Outcome
- Chlorophyll (Chl) contentse0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll (Chl) contents and photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching showed strong decreases only in the last phase of senescence in the oldest leaves.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Photochemical fluorescence quenching declined strongly only late in senescence of the oldest leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- oldest leavese0
- Outcome
- photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenchinge0
- Direction
- decreasese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Chlorophyll (Chl) contents and photochemical chlorophyll fluorescence quenching showed strong decreases only in the last phase of senescence in the oldest leaves.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-photoinhibitory chilling produced a similar ageing pattern.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- chilled under non-photoinhibiting conditionse0
- Outcome
- pattern of ageinge0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- unchilled plantse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In plants chilled under non-photoinhibiting conditions (10°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1 or 6°C, 30–50 μE m-2 s−1), a similar pattern of ageing was observed”
e1“ageing occurred in unchilled plants”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Non-photoinhibitory chilling did not induce protein or rubisco degradation.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- chillinge0
- Outcome
- protein or rubisco degradatione0
- Direction
- no indicationse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no indications were found for an induction of protein or rubisco degradation by chilling.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Chilled plants had lower total photosynthetic capacity than unchilled plants of the same size.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- chillinge2
- Outcome
- total photosynthetic capacitiese0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- unchilled plants of the same sizee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“they revealed lower total photosynthetic capacities than unchilled plants of the same size.”
e1“plants stopped growing in the cold”
e2“no indications were found for an induction of protein or rubisco degradation by chilling.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mildly photoinhibitory chilling strongly depressed rubisco activity in all leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- all leavese0
- Treatment
- chilling conditions were mildly photoinhibitory (6°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1)e0
- Outcome
- rubisco activitye0
- Direction
- depressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the chilling conditions were mildly photoinhibitory (6°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1), a much stronger depression of rubisco activity and photosynthetic capacity was found in all leaves”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Mildly photoinhibitory chilling strongly depressed photosynthetic capacity in all leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- all leavese0
- Treatment
- chilling conditions were mildly photoinhibitory (6°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1)e0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic capacitye0
- Direction
- depressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When the chilling conditions were mildly photoinhibitory (6°C, 100–150 μE m−2 s−1), a much stronger depression of rubisco activity and photosynthetic capacity was found in all leaves”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Depression was partly reversible in young leaves.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Organ / stage
- young onese0
- Outcome
- partly reversiblee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“which was partly reversible in the young ones.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
Reduced CO2 fixation capacity increased susceptibility to photoinhibition at 20°C.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- susceptibility of the chilled plants to photoinhibitione0
- Direction
- highere0
- Qualifier
- decrease in CO2fixation capacitye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This decrease in CO2fixation capacity, in turn, led to a higher susceptibility of the chilled plants to photoinhibition at 20°C.”
t0“tomato”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute decreased photosynthetic capacity and growth after chilling to leaf ageing and senescence during chilling.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- decrease of both photosynthetic capacity and growthe0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- preceeding ageing and senescing of the leaves during chillinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the decrease of both photosynthetic capacity and growth after long-term chilling in tomato is a consequence of the preceeding ageing and senescing of the leaves during chilling”
The same questions in other papers
cold · physiology: photosynthesis · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
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