Abstract
Canopy modification by shoot topping or ethephon application was examined with pendelbogen-trained White Riesling grapevines in the hot, humid Piedmont region of Virginia. Treatments were: control, two levels of shoot topping (10 vs. 20 leaves per shoot retained) or ethephon application to shoot tips (600 mg/L). Topping shoots to maintain 10 or 20 leaves per shoot reduced annual cane pruning weights by an average of 61% or 24%, respectively, compared with non-topped vines. The application of ethephon produced a vine size comparable to that of vines hedged to 20 leaves per shoot. Canopy insolation was least with control vines (due to shoot tops shading original canopy) and similar among other treatments. Vines topped to 20 leaves per shoot produced more fruit than did vines topped to 10 leaves per shoot. More fruit was harvested from shoot-topped vines than from control vines in two of three years. Neither wood maturity nor dormant bud survival were adversely affected by shoot topping or ethephon application. Greatest fruit soluble solids at harvest were generally observed with vines topped to 20 leaves per shoot. Shoot topping resulted in fruit with lower titratable acidity at harvest than with control vines, but fruit pH was not appreciably affected by any treatment. Fruit rot incidence and the concentrations of rot-associated metabolites (glycerol, ethanol, and acetic acid) were significantly and mutually correlated. Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest with control and ethephon-treated vines and were least with vines whose shoots were topped to 10 leaves. Shoot topping to 15 to 20 leaves per shoot appears appropriate with vigorous, low-trained White Riesling to maximize benefits of this remedial canopy management practice in the humid mid-Atlantic United States.
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Claims 15
Claim · model-written summary
Topping to 10 leaves reduced annual cane pruning weight by 61% relative to non-topped vines.
Verbatim
e0“Topping shoots to maintain 10 or 20 leaves per shoot reduced annual cane pruning weights by an average of 61% or 24%, respectively, compared with non-topped vines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Topping to 20 leaves reduced annual cane pruning weight by 24% relative to non-topped vines.
Verbatim
e0“Topping shoots to maintain 10 or 20 leaves per shoot reduced annual cane pruning weights by an average of 61% or 24%, respectively, compared with non-topped vines.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethephon produced vine size comparable to topping to 20 leaves.
Verbatim
e0“The application of ethephon produced a vine size comparable to that of vines hedged to 20 leaves per shoot.”
Claim · model-written summary
Control vines had the least canopy insolation; the other treatments were similar.
Verbatim
e0“Canopy insolation was least with control vines (due to shoot tops shading original canopy) and similar among other treatments.”
Claim · model-written summary
Vines topped to 20 leaves produced more fruit than those topped to 10 leaves.
Verbatim
e0“Vines topped to 20 leaves per shoot produced more fruit than did vines topped to 10 leaves per shoot.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot-topped vines yielded more fruit than controls in two of three years.
Verbatim
e0“More fruit was harvested from shoot-topped vines than from control vines in two of three years.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot topping or ethephon did not adversely affect wood maturity or dormant bud survival.
- Treatment
- shoot topping or ethephon applicatione0
- Outcome
- wood maturity nor dormant bud survivale0
- Direction
- Neithere0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Neither wood maturity nor dormant bud survival were adversely affected by shoot topping or ethephon application.”
t0“Grapes and Grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit soluble solids were generally greatest after topping to 20 leaves.
- Taxon
- vinese0
- Treatment
- topped to 20 leaves per shoote0
- Outcome
- fruit soluble solidse0
- Direction
- Greateste0
- Qualifier
- generallye0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Greatest fruit soluble solids at harvest were generally observed with vines topped to 20 leaves per shoot.”
Claim · model-written summary
Shoot topping lowered fruit titratable acidity relative to control vines.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot topping resulted in fruit with lower titratable acidity at harvest than with control vines, but fruit pH was not appreciably affected by any treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit pH was not appreciably affected by treatment.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“fruit pH was not appreciably affected by any treatment.”
t0“Grapes and Grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot incidence and rot-associated metabolite concentrations were significantly correlated.
- Compound
- rot-associated metabolites (glycerol, ethanol, and acetic acid)e0
- Outcome
- Fruit rot incidencee0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit rot incidence and the concentrations of rot-associated metabolites (glycerol, ethanol, and acetic acid) were significantly and mutually correlated.”
t0“Grapes and Grapevines”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest in control vines.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest with control and ethephon-treated vines and were least with vines whose shoots were topped to 10 leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest in ethephon-treated vines.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest with control and ethephon-treated vines and were least with vines whose shoots were topped to 10 leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Fruit rot and rot metabolites were least with topping to 10 leaves.
Verbatim
e0“Fruit rot and rot metabolites were greatest with control and ethephon-treated vines and were least with vines whose shoots were topped to 10 leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend topping vigorous low-trained White Riesling to 15–20 leaves per shoot.
Verbatim
e0“Shoot topping to 15 to 20 leaves per shoot appears appropriate with vigorous, low-trained White Riesling to maximize benefits of this remedial canopy management practice in the humid mid-Atlantic United States.”
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See all 21 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.