Abstract
Tandem zinc finger (TZF) proteins are characterized by two zinc-binding CCCH motifs arranged in tandem. Human TZFs such as tristetraproline (TTP) bind to and trigger the degradation of mRNAs encoding cytokines and various regulators. Although the molecular functions of plant TZFs are unknown, recent genetic studies have revealed roles in hormone-mediated growth and environmental responses, as well as in the regulation of gene expression. Here we show that expression of AtTZF1 (AtCTH/AtC3H23) mRNA is repressed by a hexokinase-dependent sugar signaling pathway. However, AtTZF1 acts as a positive regulator of ABA/sugar responses and a negative regulator of GA responses, at least in part by modulating gene expression. RNAi of AtTZF1-3 caused early germination and slightly stress-sensitive phenotypes, whereas plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were compact, late flowering and stress-tolerant. The developmental phenotypes of plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were only partially rescued by exogenous application of GA, implying a reduction in the GA response or defects in other mechanisms. Likewise, the enhanced cold and drought tolerance of plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were not associated with increased ABA accumulation, suggesting that it is mainly ABA responses that are affected. Consistent with this notion, microarray analysis showed that over-expression of AtTZF1 mimics the effects of ABA or GA deficiency on gene expression. Notably, a gene network centered on a GA-inducible and ABA/sugar-repressible putative peptide hormone encoded by GASA6 was severely repressed by AtTZF1 over-expression. Hence AtTZF1 may serve as a regulator connecting sugar, ABA, GA and peptide hormone responses.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
AtTZF1 mRNA expression is repressed by a hexokinase-dependent sugar signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsist0 - Treatment
- hexokinase-dependent sugar signaling pathwaye0
- Gene
- AtTZF1e0
- Outcome
- expression of AtTZF1 (AtCTH/AtC3H23) mRNAe0
- Direction
- repressede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of AtTZF1 (AtCTH/AtC3H23) mRNA is repressed by a hexokinase-dependent sugar signaling pathway”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtTZF1 acts as a positive regulator of ABA/sugar responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtTZF1e1
- Outcome
- ABA/sugar responsese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“AtTZF1 acts as a positive regulator of ABA/sugar responses and a negative regulator of GA responses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtTZF1 acts as a negative regulator of GA responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtTZF1e1
- Outcome
- GA responsese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“AtTZF1 acts as a positive regulator of ABA/sugar responses and a negative regulator of GA responses”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
RNAi of AtTZF1-3 caused early germination in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- RNAi of AtTZF1-3e2
- Gene
- AtTZF1-3e2
- Outcome
- germinatione2
- Direction
- earlye2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“RNAi of AtTZF1-3 caused early germination and slightly stress-sensitive phenotypes”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
RNAi of AtTZF1-3 caused slightly stress-sensitive phenotypes in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- RNAi of AtTZF1-3e2
- Gene
- AtTZF1-3e2
- Outcome
- slightly stress-sensitive phenotypese2
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“RNAi of AtTZF1-3 caused early germination and slightly stress-sensitive phenotypes”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were compact.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- over-expressing AtTZF1e3
- Gene
- AtTZF1e3
- Outcome
- compacte3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were compact, late flowering and stress-tolerant”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants over-expressing AtTZF1 flowered late.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- over-expressing AtTZF1e3
- Gene
- AtTZF1e3
- Outcome
- floweringe3
- Direction
- latee3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were compact, late flowering and stress-tolerant”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were stress-tolerant.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- over-expressing AtTZF1e3
- Gene
- AtTZF1e3
- Outcome
- stress-tolerante3
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were compact, late flowering and stress-tolerant”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The developmental phenotypes of plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were only partially rescued by exogenous GA application.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- exogenous application of GAe4
- Outcome
- developmental phenotypes of plants over-expressing AtTZF1e4
- Direction
- only partially rescuede4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The developmental phenotypes of plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were only partially rescued by exogenous application of GA”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
The enhanced cold and drought tolerance of AtTZF1 over-expressing plants was not associated with increased ABA accumulation.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Compound
- ABAe5
- Outcome
- enhanced cold and drought tolerancee5
- Direction
- not associatede5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“the enhanced cold and drought tolerance of plants over-expressing AtTZF1 were not associated with increased ABA accumulation”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
Microarray analysis showed that over-expression of AtTZF1 mimics the effects of ABA or GA deficiency on gene expression.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- over-expression of AtTZF1e6
- Gene
- AtTZF1e6
- Outcome
- gene expressione6
- Direction
- mimicse6
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“over-expression of AtTZF1 mimics the effects of ABA or GA deficiency on gene expression”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
A gene network centered on the putative peptide hormone encoded by GASA6 was severely repressed by AtTZF1 over-expression.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Treatment
- AtTZF1 over-expressione7
- Gene
- GASA6e7
- Outcome
- gene network centered on a GA-inducible and ABA/sugar-repressible putative peptide hormonee7
- Direction
- severely repressede7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“a gene network centered on a GA-inducible and ABA/sugar-repressible putative peptide hormone encoded by GASA6 was severely repressed by AtTZF1 over-expression”
t0“Arabidopsis”
Claim · model-written summary
AtTZF1 may serve as a regulator connecting sugar, ABA, GA and peptide hormone responses.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsist0
- Gene
- AtTZF1e7
- Outcome
- regulator connecting sugar, ABA, GA and peptide hormone responsese7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“AtTZF1 may serve as a regulator connecting sugar, ABA, GA and peptide hormone responses”
t0“Arabidopsis”