Abstract
Production of shrunken-2 sweet corn is often limited by poor establishment. Good root development is necessary for establishment, and it can be limited by stress or disease. Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22 was developed as a biocontrol fungus with particularly strong root-colonizing ability. In addition to acting as a biocontrol agent, it stimulates root growth. In greenhouse experiments using field soil, root dry weight 21 days after planting was 500 mg, greater compared with 320 mg in uninoculated controls, an average increase of >50%. The thoroughness of soil exploration more than doubled, from 31% (control) to 70% ( Trichoderma ) of the soil being within 1 cm of a root. The difference in performance was not attributable to disease: no disease symptoms were evident, the occurrence of disease organisms was low, it was the same in both treatments, and it was not associated with smaller plants. Furthermore, the greatest differences were noted in steam-sterilized soil. Colonization of the roots by Trichoderma was related to the age of the root. The oldest part of the radicle had 10 6 cfu/g root DW. Branched seminal roots had 10 5.5 cfu/g. Even the rapidly growing tips of the first-whorl roots were well-colonized (10 4.7 cfu/g). The mechanism of increased root growth has not been identified, but colonized roots acidify about 0.1 pH units more than control roots, which could cause both faster acid-growth and increased ion uptake. Ion leakage into distilled water is about 25% lower in colonized roots.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculated sweet corn root dry weight was 500 mg versus 320 mg in controls, over 50% higher.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22e1
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22
Trichoderma harzianume1symbiont - Outcome
- root dry weighte0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Value
- 500 mge0
- Qualifier
- 320 mge0
- Comparator
- uninoculated controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“root dry weight 21 days after planting was 500 mg, greater compared with 320 mg in uninoculated controls, an average increase of >50%”
t0“sweet corn”
e1“Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22”
Claim · model-written summary
Inoculation more than doubled soil exploration by roots, from 31% to 70%.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- Trichodermae0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- thoroughness of soil exploratione0
- Direction
- more than doublede0
- Value
- 70%e0
- Qualifier
- 31%e0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The thoroughness of soil exploration more than doubled, from 31% (control) to 70% ( Trichoderma ) of the soil being within 1 cm of a root”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Disease occurrence did not explain the root performance difference.
Verbatim
e0“The difference in performance was not attributable to disease: no disease symptoms were evident, the occurrence of disease organisms was low, it was the same in both treatments, and it was not associated with smaller plants”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The greatest treatment differences occurred in steam-sterilized soil.
Verbatim
e0“the greatest differences were noted in steam-sterilized soil”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma colonization of roots varied with root age.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Organ / stage
- age of the roote0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- Colonization of the roots by Trichodermae0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Colonization of the roots by Trichoderma was related to the age of the root”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
The oldest radicle region carried 10 6 cfu/g root DW of Trichoderma.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Organ / stage
- oldest part of the radiclee0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae1symbiont
- Outcome
- Colonization of the roots by Trichodermae1
- Value
- 10 6 cfu/g root DWe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The oldest part of the radicle had 10 6 cfu/g root DW”
e1“Colonization of the roots by Trichoderma”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Branched seminal roots carried 10 5.5 cfu/g of Trichoderma.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Organ / stage
- Branched seminal rootse0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae1symbiont
- Outcome
- Colonization of the roots by Trichodermae1
- Value
- 10 5.5 cfu/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Branched seminal roots had 10 5.5 cfu/g”
e1“Colonization of the roots by Trichoderma”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
First-whorl root tips were colonized at 10 4.7 cfu/g.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Organ / stage
- tips of the first-whorl rootse0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae1symbiont
- Outcome
- Colonization of the roots by Trichodermae1
- Value
- 10 4.7 cfu/ge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“rapidly growing tips of the first-whorl roots were well-colonized (10 4.7 cfu/g)”
e1“Colonization of the roots by Trichoderma”
t0“sweet corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonized roots acidified about 0.1 pH units more than controls.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22e1
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22Trichoderma harzianume1symbiont
- Outcome
- colonized roots acidifye0
- Direction
- moree0
- Value
- 0.1 pH unitse0
- Comparator
- control rootse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“colonized roots acidify about 0.1 pH units more than control roots”
t0“sweet corn”
e1“Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22”
Claim · model-written summary
Colonized roots leaked about 25% fewer ions into distilled water.
- Taxon
- sweet cornt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22e1
- Interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22Trichoderma harzianume1symbiont
- Outcome
- Ion leakage into distilled watere0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Value
- 25%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ion leakage into distilled water is about 25% lower in colonized roots”
t0“sweet corn”
e1“Trichoderma harzianum strain 1295-22”
The same questions in other papers
Trichoderma harzianum · growth · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
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See all 20 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.