Abstract
Aluminium (Al) toxicity and drought are two major factors limiting common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production in the tropics. Short-term effects of Al toxicity and drought stress on root growth in acid, Al-toxic soil were studied, with special emphasis on Al-drought interaction in the root apex. Root elongation was inhibited by both Al and drought. Combined stresses resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation than either stress alone. This result was different from the alleviation of Al toxicity by osmotic stress (-0.60 MPa polyethylene glycol) in hydroponics. However, drought reduced the impact of Al on the root tip, as indicated by the reduction of Al-induced callose formation and MATE expression. Combined Al and drought stress enhanced up-regulation of ACCO expression and synthesis of zeatin riboside, reduced drought-enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, and expression of NCED involved in ABA biosynthesis and the transcription factors bZIP and MYB, thus affecting the regulation of ABA-dependent genes (SUS, PvLEA18, KS-DHN, and LTP) in root tips. The results provide circumstantial evidence that in soil, drought alleviates Al injury, but Al renders the root apex more drought-sensitive, particularly by impacting the gene regulatory network involved in ABA signal transduction and cross-talk with other phytohormones necessary for maintaining root growth under drought.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Aluminum inhibited root elongation.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- Ale0
- Outcome
- Root elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root elongation was inhibited by both Al and drought”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought inhibited root elongation.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- Root elongatione0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root elongation was inhibited by both Al and drought”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined aluminum and drought inhibited root elongation more than either stress alone.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Combined stressese0
- Outcome
- root elongatione0
- Direction
- more severe inhibitione0
- Comparator
- either stress alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined stresses resulted in a more severe inhibition of root elongation than either stress alone”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced aluminum induced callose formation in root tips.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Organ / stage
- root tipe0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- Al-induced callose formatione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought reduced the impact of Al on the root tip, as indicated by the reduction of Al-induced callose formation and MATE expression”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought reduced aluminum induced MATE expression.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Gene
- MATEe0
- Outcome
- MATE expressione0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought reduced the impact of Al on the root tip, as indicated by the reduction of Al-induced callose formation and MATE expression”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress enhanced ACCO expression and zeatin riboside synthesis.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Combined Al and drought stresse0
- Outcome
- ACCO expression and synthesis of zeatin ribosidee0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combined Al and drought stress enhanced up-regulation of ACCO expression and synthesis of zeatin riboside”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress reduced drought enhanced ABA concentration.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Combined Al and drought stresse1
- Outcome
- abscisic acid (ABA) concentratione0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reduced drought-enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) concentration”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“Combined Al and drought stress enhanced up-regulation of ACCO expression and synthesis of zeatin riboside, reduced drought-enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, and expression of NCED involved in ABA biosynthesis and the transcription factors bZIP and MYB”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined stress reduced expression of NCED, bZIP and MYB.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Combined Al and drought stresse1
- Outcome
- expression of NCED involved in ABA biosynthesis and the transcription factors bZIP and MYBe0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“expression of NCED involved in ABA biosynthesis and the transcription factors bZIP and MYB”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
e1“Combined Al and drought stress enhanced up-regulation of ACCO expression and synthesis of zeatin riboside, reduced drought-enhanced abscisic acid (ABA) concentration, and expression of NCED involved in ABA biosynthesis and the transcription factors bZIP and MYB”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer drought alleviates aluminum injury in soil but aluminum makes the root apex more drought sensitive.
- Taxon
- common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)Phaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- droughte0
- Outcome
- Al injurye0
- Qualifier
- Al renders the root apex more drought-sensitivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought alleviates Al injury, but Al renders the root apex more drought-sensitive”
t0“common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
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