Abstract
The effects of seed moisture content and cooling rate (in liquid nitrogen) on seed germination and seedling vigour (germination x radicle length) were studied in single seed lots of four legume species: lucerne (Medicago sativa), pea (Pisum sativum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Five moisture contents and four cooling rates (30, 130, 1650 and 2800°C/min) were studied for each species. The fastest cooling rate was achieved using subcooled liquid nitrogen (-210°C). All cooling treatments improved lucerne seed germination, probably due to breaking hard seed through scarification. Pea, cowpea and bean seeds humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmosphere (21.5, 18.0 and 16.8% moisture content f.w.b., respectively) showed a decrease in germination and seedling vigour when cooled at the fastest two rates. However, those seeds cooled at 130°C/min showed improved seedling vigour with respect to control seeds. Desiccation reduced germination and seedling vigour in bean seeds. A study performed only with non-cooled and cooled seeds at 130°C/min showed that germination and seedling vigour increased with humidification prior to sowing.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
All cooling treatments improved lucerne seed germination.
- Taxon
- lucerne
Medicago sativae0 - Treatment
- All cooling treatmentse0
- Outcome
- seed germinatione0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“All cooling treatments improved lucerne seed germination”
t0“legume seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea seeds humidified before rapid cooling had lower germination and seedling vigour.
- Taxon
- Pea
Lathyrus oleraceuse0 - Treatment
- cooled at the fastest two ratese0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmospheree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea, cowpea and bean seeds humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmosphere (21.5, 18.0 and 16.8% moisture content f.w.b., respectively) showed a decrease in germination and seedling vigour when cooled at the fastest two rates.”
t0“legume seed”
Claim · model-written summary
cowpea seeds humidified before rapid cooling had lower germination and seedling vigour.
- Taxon
- cowpea
Vigna unguiculatae0 - Treatment
- cooled at the fastest two ratese0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmospheree0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pea, cowpea and bean seeds humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmosphere (21.5, 18.0 and 16.8% moisture content f.w.b., respectively) showed a decrease in germination and seedling vigour when cooled at the fastest two rates.”
t0“legume seed”
Claim · model-written summary
bean seeds humidified before rapid cooling had lower germination and seedling vigour.
- Taxon
- beane0
- Treatment
- cooled at the fastest two ratese0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Qualifier
- humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmospheree0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Pea, cowpea and bean seeds humidified for four weeks in a saturated atmosphere (21.5, 18.0 and 16.8% moisture content f.w.b., respectively) showed a decrease in germination and seedling vigour when cooled at the fastest two rates.”
t0“legume seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Pea seeds cooled at 130°C/min had improved seedling vigour over controls.
- Taxon
- peaLathyrus oleraceust0
- Treatment
- cooled at 130°C/mine0
- Outcome
- seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- control seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, those seeds cooled at 130°C/min showed improved seedling vigour with respect to control seeds.”
t0“lucerne (Medicago sativa), pea (Pisum sativum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
cowpea seeds cooled at 130°C/min had improved seedling vigour over controls.
- Taxon
- cowpeaVigna unguiculatat0
- Treatment
- cooled at 130°C/mine0
- Outcome
- seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- control seedse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, those seeds cooled at 130°C/min showed improved seedling vigour with respect to control seeds.”
t0“lucerne (Medicago sativa), pea (Pisum sativum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
bean seeds cooled at 130°C/min had improved seedling vigour over controls.
Verbatim
e0“However, those seeds cooled at 130°C/min showed improved seedling vigour with respect to control seeds.”
t0“lucerne (Medicago sativa), pea (Pisum sativum), cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris)”
Claim · model-written summary
Desiccation reduced germination and seedling vigour in bean.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Desiccation reduced germination and seedling vigour in bean seeds.”
t0“legume seed”
Claim · model-written summary
Humidification before sowing increased germination and seedling vigour in the subsequent study.
- Taxon
- legume seedt0
- Treatment
- humidification prior to sowinge0
- Outcome
- germination and seedling vigoure0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“germination and seedling vigour increased with humidification prior to sowing”
t0“legume seed”
The same questions in other papers
drought · growth · Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean)Results differ
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 59 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
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14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- negative
- negative
20 papers more in this group
See all 24 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.