Abstract
A two-year field study (2003–2004 and 2004–2005) on the effects of four sulfur (S) levels (0, 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1) in an onion–maize system revealed that S application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1 significantly increased fresh and dry bulb and foliage yield over the previous levels of 0 and 15 kg ha−1 (direct effect). In maize (residual effect) and onion–maize sequence as a whole (direct + residual effects), the same trend was visible. Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced the yields (economic yields as well as foliage/straw yields) of individual crops of onion, maize, and sequence (onion + maize) to the level of either 15 kg ha−1 or even the control. Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S) at S doses of 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1, over no S, were 373, 303, and 109; 43, 63, and 2; and 413, 367, and 111 in onion, maize, and onion + maize, respectively. The utilizations of S added at three rates by onion, maize and onion + maize were 21.3, 16.7, and 9.1%; 2.0, 10.7, and –0.4%; and 23.3, 27.3 and 8.4%, respectively.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1 increased fresh and dry bulb and foliage yield over 0 and 15 kg ha−1 in a two-year field study.
- Taxon
- onion
Allium cepae1 - Treatment
- S application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1e1
- Outcome
- fresh and dry bulb and foliage yielde1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Comparator
- 0 and 15 kg ha−1e1
- Setting
- field studye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A two-year field study”
e1“S application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1 significantly increased fresh and dry bulb and foliage yield over the previous levels of 0 and 15 kg ha−1”
Claim · model-written summary
The residual effect of sulfur applied to onion increased maize yield over 0 and 15 kg ha−1.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“S application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1 significantly increased fresh and dry bulb and foliage yield over the previous levels of 0 and 15 kg ha−1”
e2“In maize (residual effect) and onion–maize sequence as a whole (direct + residual effects), the same trend was visible”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined direct and residual effects of sulfur applied to onion increased the onion–maize sequence yield over 0 and 15 kg ha−1.
Verbatim
e1“S application in onion up to 30 kg ha−1 significantly increased fresh and dry bulb and foliage yield over the previous levels of 0 and 15 kg ha−1”
e2“In maize (residual effect) and onion–maize sequence as a whole (direct + residual effects), the same trend was visible”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced onion yields to the level of 15 kg ha−1 or even the control.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae3
- Treatment
- Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1e3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- 15 kg ha−1 or even the controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced the yields (economic yields as well as foliage/straw yields) of individual crops of onion, maize, and sequence (onion + maize) to the level of either 15 kg ha−1 or even the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced maize yields to the level of 15 kg ha−1 or even the control.
- Treatment
- Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1e3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Comparator
- 15 kg ha−1 or even the controle3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced the yields (economic yields as well as foliage/straw yields) of individual crops of onion, maize, and sequence (onion + maize) to the level of either 15 kg ha−1 or even the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced onion + maize sequence yields to the level of 15 kg ha−1 or even the control.
Verbatim
e3“Sulfur additions beyond 30 kg ha−1 reduced the yields (economic yields as well as foliage/straw yields) of individual crops of onion, maize, and sequence (onion + maize) to the level of either 15 kg ha−1 or even the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur-use efficiency of onion at 15, 30 and 45 kg ha−1 over no S was 373, 303 and 109 kg yield kg−1 S.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae4
- Treatment
- 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1e4
- Outcome
- Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S)e4
- Value
- 373, 303, and 109e4
- Comparator
- no Se4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S) at S doses of 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1, over no S, were 373, 303, and 109; 43, 63, and 2; and 413, 367, and 111 in onion, maize, and onion + maize, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur-use efficiency of maize at 15, 30 and 45 kg ha−1 over no S was 43, 63 and 2 kg yield kg−1 S.
- Treatment
- 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1e4
- Outcome
- Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S)e4
- Value
- 43, 63, and 2e4
- Comparator
- no Se4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S) at S doses of 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1, over no S, were 373, 303, and 109; 43, 63, and 2; and 413, 367, and 111 in onion, maize, and onion + maize, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfur-use efficiency of the onion + maize sequence at 15, 30 and 45 kg ha−1 over no S was 413, 367 and 111 kg yield kg−1 S.
Verbatim
e4“Sulfur-use efficiencies (kg yield kg−1 S) at S doses of 15, 30, and 45 kg ha−1, over no S, were 373, 303, and 109; 43, 63, and 2; and 413, 367, and 111 in onion, maize, and onion + maize, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Onion utilised 21.3, 16.7 and 9.1% of the sulfur added at three rates.
- Taxon
- onionAllium cepae5
- Treatment
- three ratese5
- Outcome
- utilizations of Se5
- Value
- 21.3, 16.7, and 9.1%e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The utilizations of S added at three rates by onion, maize and onion + maize were 21.3, 16.7, and 9.1%; 2.0, 10.7, and –0.4%; and 23.3, 27.3 and 8.4%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
Maize utilised 2.0, 10.7 and –0.4% of the sulfur added at three rates.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“The utilizations of S added at three rates by onion, maize and onion + maize were 21.3, 16.7, and 9.1%; 2.0, 10.7, and –0.4%; and 23.3, 27.3 and 8.4%, respectively”
Claim · model-written summary
The onion + maize sequence utilised 23.3, 27.3 and 8.4% of the sulfur added at three rates.
Verbatim
e5“The utilizations of S added at three rates by onion, maize and onion + maize were 21.3, 16.7, and 9.1%; 2.0, 10.7, and –0.4%; and 23.3, 27.3 and 8.4%, respectively”
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See all 5 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.