Abstract
In order to clarify the influences of drip irrigation under different mulch materials on crop yield, field experiments were carried out in the North China Plain for two seasons in 2020 and 2021. The changes in field microenvironment, photosynthetic capacity, leaf biological factors, and maize growth indexes were analyzed under drip irrigation with transparent film (W), black film (B), and straw mulching (S), with a nonmulching field as control (CK). The results showed that compared with CK, the yield of W and B increased by 7.2–9.9% and 7.1–12.4%, and the yield of S did not change significantly. The increase in yield was related to the improvement of the field microenvironment and photosynthetic capacity and higher LAI. Compared with CK, the soil water content 0–40 cm below the soil surface of W, B, and S increased by 13.6%, 9.1%, and 4.6%, respectively, and the 5 cm effective accumulated soil temperature of W and B increased by 7.9–10.2% and 4.1–4.7%, respectively. The maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax) of W, B, and S at the jointing stage was significantly increased by 3.5–17.3%, 12.7–17.6%, and 10.1–12.7% compared with CK. There was a significant linear correlation between Vmax and Nmass, and the correlation was affected by mulching treatments. At the jointing stage, compared with the CK, the LAI of W and B significantly increased by 8.6–66.5% and 7.2–56.0%, but there was no significant difference between S and CK. In conclusion, the increase in yield of W and B resulted from the combined effect of increasing LAI, Vmax, and soil water content and temperature.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent film increased yield by 7.2–9.9% versus no mulch.
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, the yield of W and B increased by 7.2–9.9% and 7.1–12.4%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film increased yield by 7.1–12.4% versus no mulch.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“compared with CK, the yield of W and B increased by 7.2–9.9% and 7.1–12.4%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch did not significantly change yield.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the yield of S did not change significantly”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent film increased soil water content by 13.6%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the soil water content 0–40 cm below the soil surface of W, B, and S increased by 13.6%, 9.1%, and 4.6%, respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film increased soil water content by 9.1%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the soil water content 0–40 cm below the soil surface of W, B, and S increased by 13.6%, 9.1%, and 4.6%, respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch increased soil water content by 4.6%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Compared with CK, the soil water content 0–40 cm below the soil surface of W, B, and S increased by 13.6%, 9.1%, and 4.6%, respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent film increased effective accumulated soil temperature by 7.9–10.2%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 5 cm effective accumulated soil temperature of W and B increased by 7.9–10.2% and 4.1–4.7%, respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film increased effective accumulated soil temperature by 4.1–4.7%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the 5 cm effective accumulated soil temperature of W and B increased by 7.9–10.2% and 4.1–4.7%, respectively”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent film increased jointing-stage Vmax by 3.5–17.3%.
- Organ / stage
- jointing stagee0
- Treatment
- We0
- Outcome
- maximum carboxylation ratee0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 3.5–17.3%e0
- Comparator
- CKe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax) of W, B, and S at the jointing stage was significantly increased by 3.5–17.3%, 12.7–17.6%, and 10.1–12.7% compared with CK.”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film increased jointing-stage Vmax by 12.7–17.6%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax) of W, B, and S at the jointing stage was significantly increased by 3.5–17.3%, 12.7–17.6%, and 10.1–12.7% compared with CK.”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch increased jointing-stage Vmax by 10.1–12.7%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum carboxylation rate (Vmax) of W, B, and S at the jointing stage was significantly increased by 3.5–17.3%, 12.7–17.6%, and 10.1–12.7% compared with CK.”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Vmax and Nmass had a significant linear correlation influenced by mulch.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was a significant linear correlation between Vmax and Nmass, and the correlation was affected by mulching treatments.”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Transparent film increased jointing-stage LAI by 8.6–66.5%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the jointing stage, compared with the CK, the LAI of W and B significantly increased by 8.6–66.5% and 7.2–56.0%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Black film increased jointing-stage LAI by 7.2–56.0%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“At the jointing stage, compared with the CK, the LAI of W and B significantly increased by 8.6–66.5% and 7.2–56.0%”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Straw mulch did not significantly change jointing-stage LAI.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no significant difference between S and CK”
t0“Summer Maize”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors attribute film yield gains to increased LAI, Vmax, soil water and temperature.
- Treatment
- W and Be0
- Outcome
- increase in yielde0
- Qualifier
- combined effect of increasing LAI, Vmax, and soil water content and temperaturee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the increase in yield of W and B resulted from the combined effect of increasing LAI, Vmax, and soil water content and temperature.”
t0“Summer Maize”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.