Abstract
Nitric Oxide (NO) is an important signal molecule modulating the plants responses to abiotic stresses. In this study the effects of exogenous NO as sodium nitroprusside (SNP) on boron (B)-induced oxidative damage and growth in maize (Zea mays L.) were investigated. The addition of B significantly reduced the growth of plants and increased the values of electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents. SNP (100 uM) that was applied to seeds before germination significantly increased plant height (respectively, 8 and 5%), fresh weight (respectively, 9 and 6%), and dry weight (respectively, 15 and 12%) of both 11 and 15 day old maize. Furthermore, the measured B-induced oxidative stress increased MDA, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content when compared to a supplementation of NO. SNP application also increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX). The results suggest that the increased NO, resulting from SNP application, improved the antioxidant capacity of maize plants against B-induced oxidative stress.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Boron significantly reduced maize growth.
Zea maysNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of B significantly reduced the growth of plants”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron increased electrolyte leakage, MDA and H2O2.
- Treatment
- Be0
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“addition of B significantly reduced the growth of plants and increased the values of electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) contents”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP increased plant height by 8 and 5% in 11- and 15-day-old maize.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SNP (100 uM) that was applied to seeds before germination significantly increased plant height (respectively, 8 and 5%), fresh weight”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP increased fresh weight by 9 and 6%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SNP (100 uM) that was applied to seeds before germination significantly increased plant height (respectively, 8 and 5%), fresh weight (respectively, 9 and 6%)”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP increased dry weight by 15 and 12%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SNP (100 uM) that was applied to seeds before germination significantly increased plant height (respectively, 8 and 5%), fresh weight (respectively, 9 and 6%), and dry weight (respectively, 15 and 12%) of both 11 and 15 day old maize”
Claim · model-written summary
Boron-induced oxidative stress raised MDA, leakage and H2O2 relative to NO supplementation.
- Treatment
- B-induced oxidative stresse0
- Outcome
- MDA, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- a supplementation of NOe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“B-induced oxidative stress increased MDA, electrolyte leakage, H2O2 content when compared to a supplementation of NO”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
SNP increased SOD, CAT and POX activities.
- Treatment
- SNP applicatione0
- Gene
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX)e0
- Outcome
- activities of antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SNP application also increased activities of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POX)”
e1“growth in maize (Zea mays L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer SNP-derived NO improved antioxidant capacity against boron stress.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“increased NO, resulting from SNP application, improved the antioxidant capacity of maize plants against B-induced oxidative stress”
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