Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Modern lettuce cultivars underperform under conditions of variable temporal and spatial resource availability, common in organic or low-input production systems. Information is scarce on the impact of below-ground traits on such resource acquisition and performance of field-grown lettuce; exploring genetic variation in such traits might contribute to strategies to select for robust cultivars, i.e., cultivars that perform well in the field, even under stress. METHODS: To investigate the impact of below-ground (root development and resource capture) on above-ground (shoot weight, leaf area) traits, different combinations of shoot and root growth were created using transplants of different sizes in three field experiments. Genetic variation in morphological and physiological below- and above-ground responses to different types of transplant shocks was assessed using four cultivars. RESULTS: Transplanting over-developed seedlings did not affect final yield of any of the four cultivars. Small transplant size persistently impacted growth and delayed maturity. The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate. "Nadine," which had the highest physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (g dry matter produced per g N accumulated in the head) among the four cultivars used in these trials, gave most stable yields over seasons and trial locations. CONCLUSIONS: Robustness was conferred by a large root system exploring deep soil layers. Additional root proliferation generally correlates with improved nitrate capture in a soil layer and cultivars with a larger root system may therefore perform better in harsh environmental conditions; increased nitrogen use efficiency can also confer robustness at low cost for the plant, and secure stable yields under a wide range of growing conditions.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Over-developed seedlings did not affect final yield in four lettuce cultivars.
- Taxon
- lettuce
Lactuca sativat0 - Treatment
- Transplanting over-developed seedlingse0
- Outcome
- final yielde0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“Transplanting over-developed seedlings did not affect final yield of any of the four cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Small transplants persistently reduced lettuce growth.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Small transplant sizee0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Qualifier
- persistentlye0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“Small transplant size persistently impacted growth and delayed maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Small transplants delayed lettuce maturity.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Treatment
- Small transplant sizee0
- Outcome
- maturitye0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“Small transplant size persistently impacted growth and delayed maturity”
Claim · model-written summary
Matilda had a slightly higher linear-phase growth rate than Mariska.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- Matildae0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- growth rate in the linear phasee0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
- Comparator
- Mariskae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Matilda yielded better than Mariska.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Pronto had a slightly higher linear-phase growth rate than Mariska.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- Prontoe0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- growth rate in the linear phasee0
- Direction
- slightly highere0
- Comparator
- Mariskae0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Pronto yielded better than Mariska.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Mariska had a higher maximal exponential growth rate than the other compared cultivars.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- Mariskae0
- Outcome
- maximal exponential growth ratee0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“The cultivars with overall larger root weights and rooting depth, "Matilda" and "Pronto," displayed a slightly higher growth rate in the linear phase leading to better yields than "Mariska" which had a smaller root system and a slower linear growth despite a higher maximal exponential growth rate”
Claim · model-written summary
Nadine had the highest physiological nitrogen-use efficiency among four cultivars.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- Nadinee0
- Outcome
- physiological nitrogen-use efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- four cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“"Nadine," which had the highest physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (g dry matter produced per g N accumulated in the head) among the four cultivars used in these trials, gave most stable yields over seasons and trial locations”
Claim · model-written summary
Nadine had the most stable yield across seasons and locations.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- Nadinee0
- Outcome
- yieldse0
- Direction
- most stablee0
- Setting
- trial locationse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“"Nadine," which had the highest physiological nitrogen-use efficiency (g dry matter produced per g N accumulated in the head) among the four cultivars used in these trials, gave most stable yields over seasons and trial locations”
Claim · model-written summary
A large deep-rooted system conferred robustness in lettuce.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Organ / stage
- root systeme0
- Outcome
- Robustnesse0
- Qualifier
- exploring deep soil layerse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“Robustness was conferred by a large root system exploring deep soil layers”
Claim · model-written summary
Additional root proliferation generally correlated with improved nitrate capture.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- nitrate capturee0
- Direction
- improvede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“Additional root proliferation generally correlates with improved nitrate capture in a soil layer”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivars with larger roots may perform better in harsh conditions.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Material
- cultivarse0
- Organ / stage
- root systeme0
- Outcome
- performe0
- Direction
- bettere0
- Qualifier
- harsh environmental conditionse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“cultivars with a larger root system may therefore perform better in harsh environmental conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased nitrogen use efficiency can support stable yields across conditions.
- Taxon
- lettuceLactuca sativat0
- Outcome
- stable yieldse0
- Qualifier
- increased nitrogen use efficiencye0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“lettuce cultivars”
e0“increased nitrogen use efficiency can also confer robustness at low cost for the plant, and secure stable yields under a wide range of growing conditions”
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See all 12 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.