Abstract
During the germination phase of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] growth, uniform soybean emergence may be reduced when fields are periodically saturated with water from heavy rains and poor drainage. A laboratory study was conducted to determine the effects of timing and duration of flooding, germination temperature, and mechanical damage on the germination of soybean. There were little differences in germination percentage among the flooding duration treatments when flooding began 1 d after the start of imbibition. When seed were flooded 2 or 3 d after the start of imbibition, however, a significant drop in germination percentage occurred in seed flooded for 48 h. Flooding seed 3 d, compared with 1 d, after the start of imbibition was more detrimental, regardless of temperature. Seed injury was observed after only 1 h of flooding. Increasing the duration of flooding from 1 to 48 h at 15°C did not increase injury; however, at 25°C, more seed injury was observed as the duration of flooding increased up to 48 h. Overall, seed were more susceptible to flooding stress at 15°C than at 25°C. These results suggest that soybean seed are susceptible to flooding of 1 to 48 h during the early germination process and the response is influenced by germination stage.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Flood duration had little effect on germination when flooding began one day after imbibition.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- flooding duration treatmentse0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- little differencese0
- Qualifier
- 1 d after the start of imbibitione0
- Comparator
- among the flooding duration treatmentse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There were little differences in germination percentage among the flooding duration treatments when flooding began 1 d after the start of imbibition.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Forty-eight hours of flooding at two or three days after imbibition significantly reduced germination.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- seed flooded for 48 he0
- Outcome
- germination percentagee0
- Direction
- drope0
- Qualifier
- 2 or 3 d after the start of imbibitione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When seed were flooded 2 or 3 d after the start of imbibition, however, a significant drop in germination percentage occurred in seed flooded for 48 h.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Flooding three days after imbibition was more detrimental than at one day regardless of temperature.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Flooding seed 3 de0
- Outcome
- more detrimentale0
- Direction
- more detrimentale0
- Qualifier
- regardless of temperaturee0
- Comparator
- 1 de0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flooding seed 3 d, compared with 1 d, after the start of imbibition was more detrimental, regardless of temperature.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed injury occurred after only one hour of flooding.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- floodinge0
- Outcome
- Seed injurye0
- Value
- 1 he0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Seed injury was observed after only 1 h of flooding.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing flooding from one to 48 hours at 15°C did not increase seed injury.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- duration of flooding from 1 to 48 h at 15°Ce0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- did not increasee0
- Comparator
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increasing the duration of flooding from 1 to 48 h at 15°C did not increase injury”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
At 25°C, seed injury increased with flooding duration up to 48 hours.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- duration of floodinge0
- Outcome
- seed injurye0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- 25°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“at 25°C, more seed injury was observed as the duration of flooding increased up to 48 h.”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Seed was more susceptible to flooding stress at 15°C than at 25°C.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- flooding stress at 15°Ce0
- Outcome
- susceptible to flooding stresse0
- Direction
- more susceptiblee0
- Comparator
- 25°Ce0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Overall, seed were more susceptible to flooding stress at 15°C than at 25°C.”
t0“Soybean”
The same questions in other papers
flooding · growth · Glycine max (soybean)Results differ
47 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- negative
54 papers more in this group
See all 58 papers →flooding · crop injury · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
- negative
flooding · disease · Glycine max (soybean)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- no effect
- negative
- negative
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.