Abstract
Abstract Effects of bicarbonate (10 mM as NaHCO3) and high pH (pH 8 buffered with HEPES) separately on root growth and accumulation of organic acids in the roots of zinc (Zn)‐efficient (IR36) and Zn‐inefficient (IR26) rice genotypes (Oriza sativa L.) were investigated in this study. The results indicated that shoot dry matter yields were decreased more by bicarbonate than by high pH for the Zn‐inefficient genotype, but not affected for the Zn‐efficient genotype. Root dry weights, especially root length, was significantly decreased by bicarbonate and high pH treatments for the Zn‐inefficient genotype, whereas was considerably enhanced by only bicarbonate treatment for the Zn‐efficient rice genotype. The reduction in root growth of the Zn‐inefficient rice genotype and the enhancement of root length in the Zn‐efficient genotype were greater when plants grown with bicarbonate than with high pH treatment. Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in roots of the two genotypes increased considerably due to both high pH and bicarbonate treatments, but to a greater extent for the Zn‐inefficient than for the Zn‐efficient cultivars. After an 8‐day treatment, more organic acids accumulated in the roots of the Zn‐inefficient genotype (IR26) when plants grown with bicarbonate than at high pH, but this was not the case for the Zn‐efficient genotype. The influence of root growth by bicarbonate appeared to be one of the major factors for the sensitivity of rice genotypes to Zn deficiency in calcareous soils. The greater inhibitory effect of bicarbonate than high pH on root growth of the Zn‐inefficient genotype might result from an excessive accumulation and inefficient compartmentation of organic acids, particularly citrate and malate, in the root cells.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate reduced IR26 shoot dry matter more than high pH.
- Taxon
- Rice
Oryza sativat0 - Material
- Zn‐inefficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- shoot dry matter yieldse0
- Direction
- decreased moree0
- Comparator
- high pHe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot dry matter yields were decreased more by bicarbonate than by high pH for the Zn‐inefficient genotype”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
IR36 shoot dry matter was unaffected by the treatments.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐efficient genotypee0
- Outcome
- shoot dry mattere0
Not reportedTreatmentComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“shoot dry matter yields were decreased more by bicarbonate than by high pH for the Zn‐inefficient genotype, but not affected for the Zn‐efficient genotype”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate significantly decreased IR26 root dry weight and length.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐inefficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- Root dry weights, especially root lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root dry weights, especially root length, was significantly decreased by bicarbonate and high pH treatments for the Zn‐inefficient genotype”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
High pH significantly decreased IR26 root dry weight and length.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐inefficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- high pHe0
- Outcome
- Root dry weights, especially root lengthe0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root dry weights, especially root length, was significantly decreased by bicarbonate and high pH treatments for the Zn‐inefficient genotype”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate enhanced IR36 root dry weight and length.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Zn‐efficient rice genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonate treatmente0
- Outcome
- Root dry weights, especially root lengthe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Root dry weights, especially root length, was significantly decreased by bicarbonate and high pH treatments for the Zn‐inefficient genotype, whereas was considerably enhanced by only bicarbonate treatment for the Zn‐efficient rice genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
IR26 root growth reduction was greater with bicarbonate than high pH.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Zn‐inefficient rice genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- reduction in root growthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- high pH treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in root growth of the Zn‐inefficient rice genotype and the enhancement of root length in the Zn‐efficient genotype were greater when plants grown with bicarbonate than with high pH treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
IR36 root length enhancement was greater with bicarbonate than high pH.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Material
- Zn‐efficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- enhancement of root lengthe0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- high pH treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in root growth of the Zn‐inefficient rice genotype and the enhancement of root length in the Zn‐efficient genotype were greater when plants grown with bicarbonate than with high pH treatment.”
Claim · model-written summary
High pH increased root malate, citrate and fumarate in both rice genotypes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- high pHe0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in roots of the two genotypes increased considerably due to both high pH and bicarbonate treatments”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate increased root malate, citrate and fumarate in both rice genotypes.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in rootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in roots of the two genotypes increased considerably due to both high pH and bicarbonate treatments”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Organic acid accumulation was greater in the zinc-inefficient than efficient genotype.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐inefficiente0
- Outcome
- Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in rootse0
- Direction
- greatere0
- Comparator
- Zn‐efficient cultivarse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Accumulation of malate, citrate, and fumarate in roots of the two genotypes increased considerably due to both high pH and bicarbonate treatments, but to a greater extent for the Zn‐inefficient than for the Zn‐efficient cultivars”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
After eight days, IR26 accumulated more root organic acids with bicarbonate than high pH.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- IR26e0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- organic acids accumulated in the rootse0
- Direction
- moree0
- Qualifier
- 8‐day treatmente0
- Comparator
- high pHe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After an 8‐day treatment, more organic acids accumulated in the roots of the Zn‐inefficient genotype (IR26) when plants grown with bicarbonate than at high pH”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
The bicarbonate versus high-pH difference in root organic acids did not occur in IR36.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐efficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- organic acids accumulated in the rootse0
- Comparator
- high pHe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“After an 8‐day treatment, more organic acids accumulated in the roots of the Zn‐inefficient genotype (IR26) when plants grown with bicarbonate than at high pH, but this was not the case for the Zn‐efficient genotype”
t0“Rice Genotype”
Claim · model-written summary
Bicarbonate effects on roots appeared to contribute to rice genotype sensitivity to zinc deficiency.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- sensitivity of rice genotypes to Zn deficiencye0
- Qualifier
- calcareous soilse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The influence of root growth by bicarbonate appeared to be one of the major factors for the sensitivity of rice genotypes to Zn deficiency in calcareous soils.”
Claim · model-written summary
Excessive organic acid accumulation and inefficient compartmentation might explain the stronger bicarbonate inhibition of IR26 roots.
- Taxon
- RiceOryza sativat0
- Material
- Zn‐inefficient genotypee0
- Treatment
- bicarbonatee0
- Outcome
- root growthe0
- Qualifier
- excessive accumulation and inefficient compartmentation of organic acids, particularly citrate and malatee0
- Comparator
- high pHe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The greater inhibitory effect of bicarbonate than high pH on root growth of the Zn‐inefficient genotype might result from an excessive accumulation and inefficient compartmentation of organic acids, particularly citrate and malate, in the root cells.”
t0“Rice Genotype”
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