Abstract
Abstract High rates of N loss have been observed from N fertilizers applied directly on the surface in no‐till corn ( Zea mays L.) production systems. Field experiments were conducted at four locations over a three‐year period to determine what effects N source and N placement had on N losses in both no‐till and conventional till corn production systems. Soils used were: Stoy loam, an Aquic Hapludalf; Clermont silt loam, a Typic Ochraqualf; Avonberg silt loam, an Aeric Fragiaqualf; Chalmers silty clay loam, a Typic Argiaquoll; and Lyles fine sandy loam, a Typic Haplaquoll. Nitrogen sources used were anhydrous ammonia (NH 3 ), urea‐ammonium nitrate solutions (UAN), solid urea and solid ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ). Placement variables used were injection of NH 3 and UAN 20 cm below the soil surface and broadcasting UAN, urea and NH 4 NO 3 on the soil surface with no incorporation. Nitrogen rates used were 0 and 165 kg N/ha. Injecting NH 3 , or UAN below the surface resulted in consistently higher corn grain yields than applying UAN, NH 4 NO 3 or urea directly on the soil‐residue surface. Percent N in leaf and grain also reflected an increase in N use efficiency with subsurface N placement. Percent N in leaf was significantly higher where NH 3 or UAN were injected as compared to UAN or urea surface applied.
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Claims 5
Claim · model-written summary
Subsurface NH 3 injection produced higher corn grain yields than surface-applied fertilizers.
- Taxon
- corn
Zea mays subsp. mayse0 - Treatment
- Injecting NH 3e0
- Outcome
- corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- applying UAN, NH 4 NO 3 or urea directly on the soil‐residue surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injecting NH 3 , or UAN below the surface resulted in consistently higher corn grain yields than applying UAN, NH 4 NO 3 or urea directly on the soil‐residue surface.”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsurface UAN injection produced higher corn grain yields than surface-applied fertilizers.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayse0
- Treatment
- UAN below the surfacee0
- Outcome
- corn grain yieldse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- applying UAN, NH 4 NO 3 or urea directly on the soil‐residue surfacee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Injecting NH 3 , or UAN below the surface resulted in consistently higher corn grain yields than applying UAN, NH 4 NO 3 or urea directly on the soil‐residue surface.”
Claim · model-written summary
Subsurface nitrogen placement increased nitrogen-use efficiency as reflected by leaf and grain nitrogen percentages.
- Taxon
- cornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- leaf and graine0
- Treatment
- subsurface N placemente0
- Outcome
- N use efficiencye0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percent N in leaf and grain also reflected an increase in N use efficiency with subsurface N placement.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected NH 3 gave significantly higher leaf nitrogen percentage than surface UAN or urea.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- NH 3e0
- Outcome
- Percent N in leafe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- UAN or urea surface appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percent N in leaf was significantly higher where NH 3 or UAN were injected as compared to UAN or urea surface applied.”
t0“Corn”
Claim · model-written summary
Injected UAN gave significantly higher leaf nitrogen percentage than surface UAN or urea.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- UAN were injectede0
- Outcome
- Percent N in leafe0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- UAN or urea surface appliede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Percent N in leaf was significantly higher where NH 3 or UAN were injected as compared to UAN or urea surface applied.”
t0“Corn”
The same questions in other papers
urea ammonium nitrate · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- negative
- no effect
- positive
21 papers more in this group
See all 25 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.